A systems epidemiology approach to TB research.

<p>The spread of TB is influenced by social and biological factors. On the one hand, the new discipline of systems biology integrates approaches that address the host, the pathogen, and interactions between the two. On the other hand, epidemiology addresses the burden of the disease and the social, economic, and ecological causes of its frequency and distribution. There is little crosstalk between these two disciplines at the moment. “Systems epidemiology” is an attempt to take into account the interactions between these various fields of research.</p

The global incidence of TB.

<p>The number of new TB cases per 100,000 population for the year 2007 according to WHO estimates (adapted from <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000600#ppat.1000600-World1" target="_blank">[1]</a>).</p

Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context-0

N for those nodes with BS > 50% or BPP = 1.00. The main groups derived from the analysis are indicated as well as the domain composition of MTPs. Sequences rbaltic and rbaltic2 correspond to ; mloti1 and mloti2, ; dvulamhe, [GenBank:]; vparaamhe, ; phpramhe, ; bjapo, . Additional details are provided in Table S2, Additional file .<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/147</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():147-147.</p><p>Published online 16 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2405797.</p><p></p

Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context-1

as in Figure 2. Clusters of orthologous sequences to FPr and NPr are indicated. Groups of MTPs and clusters of sequences functionally related to EI groups R, Ntr and T are indicated by surrounding lines. The domain composition of MTPs is also indicated. Sequence parach2 corresponds to Candidatus ; bhenafhe, ; bquiafhe, ; chviafhe, chviaghe1, chviaghe2 and chvioheaf, ; rsolafhe and rsolaghe, ; bpseaghe, ; bmalaghe, ; paeraghe, ; dradafhe, ; cperfrocr, ; cacetrocr, ; bgarinh2, ; bburgdh2, ; mlotih2 and mlotih3, ; ccreaghe1 and ccreaghe2, ; pacneh1 and pacneh2, ; ecolicft2, ecolio2 and ecolioe2, ; syther1 and syther2, ; blichcrh2, ; fnuclh1 and fnuclh2, ; bclaushx, ; lxylamh, ; bjapoh1, . Additional details are provided in Table S2, Additional file .<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/147</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():147-147.</p><p>Published online 16 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2405797.</p><p></p

Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context-5

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/147</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():147-147.</p><p>Published online 16 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2405797.</p><p></p

Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context-7

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/147</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():147-147.</p><p>Published online 16 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2405797.</p><p></p

Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context-3

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/147</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():147-147.</p><p>Published online 16 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2405797.</p><p></p

Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context-6

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Unraveling the evolutionary history of the phosphoryl-transfer chain of the phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase system through phylogenetic analyses and genome context"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/147</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():147-147.</p><p>Published online 16 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2405797.</p><p></p

Individual and Cumulative HGI of analysed Loci.

<p>Individual and cumulative HGI was calculated for each locus and after successive loci addition respectively for all analysed loci using the mathematical formula as proposed by Hunter and Gaston (36). The black bars are the cumulative HGI values while crossed bars are for the individual locus values. Fig. 1a and 1b show values for lineage 4 and 5 respectively.</p

List of MIRU-VNTRs used for the assay.

<p>List of MIRU-VNTRs used for the assay.</p