Generalized form factors and spin structures of the kaon

We investigate the spin structure of the kaon, based on the nonlocal chiral quark model from the instanton vacuum. We first revisit the electromagnetic form factors of the pion and kaon, improving the results for the kaon. We evaluate the generalized tensor form factors of the kaon in order to determine the probability density of transversely polarized quarks inside the kaon. We consider the effects of flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking, so that the probability density of the up and strange quarks are examined in detail. It is found that the strange quark behaves differently inside the kaon in comparison with the up quark.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.

Development of a Sinkhole Raveling Chart Based on Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Data

Naturally occurring sinkholes in Florida are formed when the soluble limestone bedrock weathers and creates cavities at its interface with the overburden finer-grained soils. The overburden soil then erodes into the limestone fissures, thus weakening the strength and holding capacity of the soil above. This initial stage of a sinkhole is referred to as soil raveling and is considered to be the most effective time to perform soil improvements measures, such as grouting, to mitigate further expansion of the subterranean void. Geotechnical engineers and scientists use subsurface exploration techniques such as Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) to stratify soils and estimate soil properties. This paper presents a CPT-based raveling chart, to be used in identifying raveled soils in Central Florida during initial subsurface exploration. The raveling-chart was developed by collecting a large sample of CPT data (i.e cone tip resistance, qc, and sleeve frictional resistance, fs) from multiple sites within the same geological formation. CPT data was grouped within three categories: collapsed sinkholes, suspected raveling, and no1n-raveled, and plotted using a scatter of data points with coordinates (fs, Qtn,); that is sleeve friction resistance, and normalized tip resistance. A simple statistical analysis was applied for the resulting data group to create envelopes, or threshold lines, which bound the data to create certain categories. The resulting chart provides quantifiable measure of sinkhole raveling due to soil erosion

Twist-3 pion and kaon distribution amplitudes from the instanton vacuum with flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking

We investigate the twist-3 pion and kaon distribution amplitudes of the pseudoscalar (phi^p_{pi,K}) and pseudotensor (phi^{sigma}_{pi,K}) types, based on the effective chiral action from the instanton vacuum. Effects of flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking are explicitly taken into account. The Gegenbauer moments and the moments of the distribution amplitudes () are also computed. Our results are summarized as follows: a^p_{2,pi} ~ 0.4, a^p_{1,K} ~ 0.02 and a^p_{2,K} ~ 0.14, and a^{sigma}_{2,pi} ~ 0.02 and a^{sigma}_{1,K} ~ a^{sigma}_{2,K} ~ 0; ^p_{\pi} ~ ^p_K ~ 0.37 and ^p_K ~ 0, and ^{sigma}_{pi} ~ ^{sigma}_K ~ 0.20 and ^{sigma}_K ~ 0. We compare our results with those from the QCD sum rules. We also discuss the relevant Wilson coefficients which were analyzed recently in chiral perturbation theory.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PR