2 research outputs found
Relating Fragile States to Social and Human Fragilities
Fragile States is a way of naming this particular category of states that have weak performance, insufficient service delivery, weak administrative and government power, and lack of legal rules. Little consideration is usually made to the fact that their own societies may also be fragile and easily jeopardised by inappropriate economic measures or external events. Poverty traps and social exclusion, unjust inequalities with lack of equity, feelings of insecurity and vulnerability, usually undermine the social fabric. Moreover, the people bear their own internal fragilities, which are based on the lack of capabilities and recognition, and interfere in the relationships between the groups that constitute the society. Therefore, dealing with the issue of fragility requires to consider various decision levels, from the personal one to the State level. Such an approach could allow fragile states to conceive preventive policies that would avoid the surge of a political crisis resulting from the combination of social conflict and individual failure.La notion dāEtats fragiles permet de caracteĢriser des pays dont le pouvoir de gouvernement est faible, le cadre juridique et leĢgal insuffisant, lāadministration peu efficace et, en conseĢquence, la deĢlivrance de services publics insuffisante. Mais elle prend peu en compte le fait que leurs propres socieĢteĢs peuvent aussi eĢtre fragiles et facilement deĢtruites par des mesures economiques inapproprieĢes ou par des eĢveĢnements exteĢrieurs. Ainsi, les trappes aĢ pauvreteĢ, les structures dāineĢgaliteĢ peĢrennes, lāabsence dāeĢquiteĢ, de meĢme que lāexclusion sociale, le sentiment dāinseĢcuriteĢ et de vulneĢrabiliteĢ, ont tous pour effet de miner la coheĢsion sociale. De plus, les gens eux-meĢmes, au sein dāune socieĢteĢ donneĢe, portent aussi leur propres fragiliteĢs internes, baseĢes sur un manque de capabiliteĢ et de reconnaissance, et ceci interfeĢre dans les relations sociales. Si bien que si lāon veut aborder le probleĢme de la fragiliteĢ dans toute sa dimension, il faut alors prendre en compte lāarticulation des diffeĢrents niveaux dāanalyse ouĢ cette fragiliteĢ se deĢploie, du niveau personnel au niveau propre aĢ lāEtat. LāinteĢreĢt dāune telle deĢmarche est quāelle permet aux Etats fragiles de concevoir des mesures de politique preĢventives qui leur permettraient dāeĢviter lāapparition de crises politiques graves, comme conseĢquence de la combinaison de situations sociales conflictuelles et dāeĢchecs individualiseĢs
Les enfants dans les conflits armĆ©sĀ : une analyse Ć l'aune des notions de vulnĆ©rabilitĆ©, de pauvretĆ© et de "capabilitĆ©s"
This paper aims to provide a broad perspective on the impacts of armed conflicts on children, especially in terms of recruitment and the use of children in conflicts. Due to the magnitude of this phenomenon, different interventions are nowadays carried out to protect children against this form of exploitation, qualified by the International Labour Organization as one of the worst forms of child labour. These interventions are facing numerous challenges in a world where the nature of conflict is changing, particularly at the political level, the legal and judiciary level, and at the level of the implementation of reintegration programmes.Children, Public Policy, Conflict, International Law, General Welfare and Poverty