THE CURRENT SITUATION OF THE INSTRUCTION IN EXTRACURRICULAR SPORTS FOR STUDENTS FROM TRA VINH UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM

This study uses the sociological investigation method and direct interview in order to understand the current situation of the instruction in extracurricular sports at Tra Vinh University. The total area of the playground is 13,700 m2 with the ratio of 1.36 m2/student. There are 11 lecturers and the ratio of student/lecturer is 915.18. There is still no regular program in extracurricular sports for Tra Vinh University students.  Article visualizations

ANTIOXIDATIVE DEFENSE RESPONSE TO APHID-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. “Nam Dan”

Infestation of cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) induced oxidative stress in leaves of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. “Nam Dan”) with a burst in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) products such as superoxide anion radical (O2.-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) recorded around 24 hours after aphid feeding. An increase in content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in lipid peroxidation and a defined percentage of injury in aphid-infested leaves were resulted from the cellular oxidative damage. The enhanced activity of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) in leaves of soybean “Nam Dan” functions as the antioxidative response that controlled both ROS-generation to be enough levels to play as defensive element and ROS-detoxifying to reduce aphid-induced oxidative damage. The enhancement of SOD and CAT also can improve the tolerance of soybean “Nam Dan” to impact from A. craccivora

Hematological parameters of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fed lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus) after challenge with Streptococcus agalactiae

The study involved feeding lemongrass essential oil (LEO) supplements to red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) at concentrations including Control - 0 mg, T1 – 200 mg, T2 – 300 mg, and T3 – 400 mg per kg of feed. The research investigated changes in hematological (HCT, Hb, RBC, WBC & thrombocytes) and erythrocyte’s morphological (major/minor axis; perimeter, and area of erythrocyte) parameters before infection, 5- and 10-days post-infection (DPI). According to analytical findings, a diet containing LEO enhanced the synthesis of both erythrocytes and leukocytes in the peripheral blood of red tilapia after 20 days of being used. Therefore, the indicators of this group of fish showed better performance than those that did not use LEO supplement five days after bacterial infection. Fish fed 200 mg/kg of LEO after being challenged with S. agalactiae for ten days showed an improved effect on red blood cell production. White blood cells decreased at all concentrations because of citral’s immunomodulatory properties

How scientific research changes the Vietnamese higher education landscape: Evidence from social sciences and humanities between 2008 and 2019

Background: In the context of globalization, Vietnamese universities, whose primary function is teaching, there is a need to improve research performance. Methods: Based on SSHPA data, an exclusive database of Vietnamese social sciences and humanities researchers’ productivity, between 2008 and 2019 period, this study analyzes the research output of Vietnamese universities in the field of social sciences and humanities. Results: Vietnamese universities have been steadily producing a high volume of publications in the 2008-2019 period, with a peak of 598 articles in 2019. Moreover, many private universities and institutions are also joining the publication race, pushing competitiveness in the country. Conclusions: Solutions to improve both quantity and quality of Vietnamese universities’ research practice in the context of the industrial revolution 4.0 could be applying international criteria in Vietnamese higher education, developing scientific and critical thinking for general and STEM education, and promoting science communication

Optimization of culture conditions of Streptomyces antibioticus strain 1083 to improve the antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila

Fish is a healthy, high protein and low fat food that encourages the health and growth of people, especially children. However, in fact fish is very sensitive to many diseases which affects the productivity and quality of fish. Therefore, identifying the cause of the diseases and finding preventive measures become an urgent task today. In the previous study, we isolated Streptomyces antibioticus strain 1083 that has the ability to antagonize Aeromonas hydrophila - a pathogenic bacterium in fish. Based on the obtained results, we continue to perform this study to determine optimal conditions for the culture of S. antibioticus strain 1083 in order to produce antimicrobial compounds against A. hydrophila. The production of antagonists by the strain 1083 was optimized by controlling the condition of different inoculations such as media, pH, temperature and incubation period. The results indicated that International Streptomyces Project 2 (ISP2) was the best medium for S. antibioticus strain 1083 to produce the highest antimicrobial activity against A. hydrophila with 32 mm in diameter of inhibited zone. The actinomycete strain 1083 could express the maximum antimicrobial activity when they were incubated in shaker incubator (200rpm) at 40oC with pH8 in 8 days. The ability of the actinomycete strain in antagonism against A. hydrophila was evaluated by adding different culture medium volume of S. antibioticus strain 1083. With adding 10% cultured solution volume of S. antibioticus strain 1083 into the culture medium of A. hydrophila, after 1 day of inoculation the number of pathogenic bacteria cells were completely eliminated

TÀI NGUYÊN VỊ THẾ ĐẢO CỒN CỎ

Being a basaltic volcano, Con Co island is an isometric hill 2.3 km2 wide and 63 m high, located far 24 km from the mainland, and guards the entrance to the Gulf of Tonkin. It is isolated, but unique in location, and relatively closed to mainland. Despite its small size, the characteristics of morphology and spatial structures, geological composition, area, height, ecological landscape, dynamics and stability of the island... create great values of geo-natural position resources and favorable environment for island residents. Regarding geo - economic position resources, the island is a district under the Quang Tri province, a priority location for development of the country’s marine and island economy, and the economic centre at the entrance of the Gulf of Tonkin. This is also a convenient site for the development of marine economic sectors such as fishery, natural conservation, services - tourism and some others. In terms of geo-political position resources, the island has tremendous advantages for the sovereignty, sovereign rights and national interests at sea. As an outpost at the highly sensitive geo-political area, the Con Co island has the great value of defense, as a solid military base in the entrance of the Gulf of Tonkin and the most important link in the line of defense from coastal islands in the North Centre. It possesses many valuable cultural heritages, especially the heroic relics during the war against the US.Đảo Cồn Cỏ nguồn gốc núi lửa bazan, dạng đồi đẳng thước rộng 2,3 km2, cao 63 m, nằm cách xa bờ 24 km. Đảo có vị trí lẻ loi ở cửa vịnh Bắc Bộ và khá gần bờ Việt Nam. Mặc dù diện tích đảo nhỏ, nhưng các đặc điểm về hình thể và cấu trúc không gian, cấu tạo địa chất; diện tích, độ cao và cảnh quan sinh thái; động lực và tính ổn định... đã tạo ra giá trị lớn cho đảo về tài nguyên địa - tự nhiên và môi trường sinh cư thuận lợi cho các loài sinh vật và con người. Về giá trị vị thế địa - kinh tế, Cồn Cỏ thuộc đơn vị hành chính cấp huyện thuộc tỉnh Quảng Trị, là vị trí ưu tiên đối với phát triển kinh tế biển - đảo của đất nước; là vị trí trung tâm của không gian kinh tế khu cửa vịnh Bắc Bộ. Đây là một địa bàn thuận lợi cho phát triển các lĩnh vực kinh tế biển như thủy sản, bảo tồn biển, dịch vụ - du lịch cùng với các loại hình dịch vụ khác. Về giá trị vị thế địa - chính trị, đảo Cồn Cỏ có giá trị to lớn đối với việc bảo vệ các quyền và lợi ích quốc gia của Việt Nam trên biển. Là đảo tiền tiêu nằm trong vùng địa - chính trị nhạy cảm cao, đảo có giá trị lớn về phòng thủ, là một cứ điểm quân sự vững chắc ở vùng cửa vịnh Bắc Bộ và mắt xích quan trọng nhất trong phòng tuyến các đảo ven bờ Bắc Trung Bộ. Cồn Cỏ có các giá trị di sản văn hoá biển đảo, đặc biệt là những chiến tích anh hùng trong thời chiến tranh chống Mỹ

Acceptance patterns and decision-making for human papillomavirus vaccination among parents in Vietnam: an in-depth qualitative study post-vaccination

BACKGROUND: The GAVI Alliance’s decision in late 2011 to invite developing countries to apply for funding for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine introduction underscores the importance of understanding levels of HPV vaccine acceptance in developing country settings. In this paper, we present findings from qualitative research on parents’ rationales for vaccinating or not vaccinating their daughters (vaccine acceptance) and their decision-making process in the context of an HPV vaccination demonstration project in Vietnam (2008–2009). METHODS: We designed a descriptive qualitative study of HPV vaccine acceptability among parents of girls eligible for vaccination in four districts of two provinces in Vietnam(a). The study was implemented after each of two years of vaccinations was completed. In total, 133 parents participated in 16 focus group discussions and 27 semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with parents of girls vaccinated revealed that they were generally very supportive of immunization for disease prevention and of vaccinating girls against HPV. The involvement of the National Expanded Program of Immunization in the demonstration project lent credibility to the HPV vaccine, contributing to high levels of acceptance. For parents who declined participation, concerns about side effects, the possibility that the vaccine was experimental, and the possible impact of the vaccine on future fertility rose to the surface. In terms of the decision-making process, many parents exhibited ‘active decision-making,’ reaching out to friends, family, and opinion leaders for guidance prior to making their decision. CONCLUSION: Vietnam’s HPV vaccination experience speaks to the importance of close collaboration with the government to make the most of high levels of trust, and to reduce suspicions about new vaccines that may arise in the context of vaccine introduction in developing country settings