3 research outputs found
Influence of raw material properties on the quality of solid biofuel and energy consumption in briquetting process
ArticleThe present paper is related to a pressing process research of raw materials with
different density in order to investigate impact of biomass density on a formation of monolithic
structure and the briquette’s strength. Another focus of the study is an influence of raw materials
particles’ size on agglomeration process and quality of final product. Different biomass materials
like two varieties of miscanthus, industrial hemp and apple wood were selected for experimental
purposes of this research. Mechanical durability which represents one the main indicator of
briquettes’ mechanical quality (strength) was determined. The research was conducted using
hydraulic piston briquetting press. For assessment of briquetting efficiency during the whole
process energy consumption was measured. One of the most important factors that can affect
briquetting process is the temperature of pressing chamber which was registered as well. The
main goal of the research was practical study of possibilities for increasing production efficiency
and quality of briquettes on hydraulic piston briquetting press with respect to optimization of
particles’ size of raw materials and use of raw materials the most appropriate density
Using of high-speed mills for biomass disintegration
ArticleThe need for mechanical disintegration of biomass is very current topic with regard to
the requirements of an agrarian sector, beside the importance of a material’s moisture content
reduction to be used in further applications. The drawbacks of commonly applied devices are the
limited use of moist biomass and high energy consumption for disintegration. In collaboration
with LAVARIS company, there were tested two high-speed mills LAV 400/1R with single rotor
(used for a first milling) and LAV 300/2R with double rotors (used for a second milling), which
were primarily designed for crushing of concrete, rubber and construction waste. The goal of the
new technical solution was a disintegration of biomass on example of pine sawdust and
miscanthus together with examination of simultaneous drying in order to achieve a desired
fraction (particle size) and moisture content of biomass material. Experimental tests on highspeed mills have shown the following results: in case of pine sawdust about 98% of output particle
size after passing through the first and second milling was smaller than 1.5 mm, and smaller than
1 mm for miscanthus (sieve analysis method was used for determination), i.e. significant
reduction was achieved comparing to initial particle size. Moisture content of the materials after
disintegration (first and second) decreased from 37.08% to 8.55% for pine sawdust and from
24.43% to 7.19% for miscanthus. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the mechanical
disintegration of biomass by high-speed mills has a great potential to become an effective part of
raw materials’ pre-treatment technology, not only in agriculture, but also in production of
different types of biofuels
Ozone treatment of stored potato tubers
During storage, potato tubers are susceptible to different pathogen, which can attack
the skin and flesh of the tubers. The most serious damage can be caused by rot inducing bacteria
and fungi. A possible way to prevent microbial damage may be the use of ozone in the air
ventilated through the stored tubers. However, the tubers can undergo qualitative changes, e.g.
dehydration and loss of starch content. This article presents the results of a five-month experiment
in which ozone concentration of 5 mg m-3 was periodically introduced in some of the stored potato
tubers of the cultivar ‘Dali’. All potato tubers were stored in closed storage boxes with a metal
frame and wood panels in the floor and walls (ground area 1.6×1.2 m, height 0.95 m) which were
continuously aerated using the ambient air in a potato warehouse. There was 900 kg of tubers
stored in the box. At the end of the experiment, the ozonated variant was compared with the
control (not treated). The ozone-treated tubers had 2.95 times lower incidence of infection by
rot and the number of microorganisms on healthy tubers was lower than the control. The
ozone-treated tubers were less frequently dehydrated. The water loss was higher in control by
0.86 %. There was no significant difference in silver scurf manifestation or in the starch content
between the two variants