CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-DUE PROCESS-BILL OF ATTAINDER-LOYALTY OATHS FOR CITY EMPLOYEE

In 1948, pursuant to an amendment to its charter, Los Angeles passed an ordinance which provided that all city employees must (1) take an oath that they did not espouse, and had not espoused within five years prior to the effective date of the ordinance, the forceful overthrow of the government; that they were not, nor had they been within the same period, affiliated with a group espousing such aims, and that they would not join any such group while in city employ, and (2) execute an affidavit relating whether they had ever belonged to the Communist Party, and if so the dates of their membership. Two appellants took the oath but refused to execute the affidavit; the remaining fifteen appellants refused to comply with either part of the ordinance. All were discharged, and sued for reinstatement and back salaries. The California Court of Appeals denied relief; certiorari was granted by the United States Supreme Court. Held, affirmed, Justices Black and Douglas dissenting, and Justices Frankfurter and Burton dissenting in part. The ordinance was a reasonable regulation of its employees by the city; it did not constitute a bill of attainder, or deny the appellants due process of law. Garner v. Board of Public Works of City of Los Angeles, 341 U.S. 716, 71 S.Ct. 909 (1951)

Resummation and Shower Studies

The transverse momentum spectra of the Z and Higgs bosons are studied, as probes of the consequences of multiple parton emissions in hadronic events. Emphasis is put on constraints, present in showers, that go beyond conventional leading log. It is shown that, if such constraints are relaxed, better agreement can be obtained with experimental data and with resummation descriptions.Comment: 6 pages, LaTeX, 3 eps figures, submitted to the proceedings of the Workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders, Les Houches, France, 26 May -- 6 June 200

EVIDENCE-PRIVILEGE-CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE

Husband sued for divorce alleging that wife drank excessively and humiliated him in public by her conduct, and that she continually made false and profane accusations designed to make his life unbearable. As proof of the latter charge, plaintiff was allowed to introduce in evidence a wire recording of conversations between plaintiff and defendant in their bedroom. Plaintiff\u27s son by a previous marriage had, by prearrangement with plaintiff, installed in their bedroom a microphone connected to a wire-recorder in the son\u27s adjoining bedroom, with which recordings were made of four separate conversations between plaintiff and defendant. The recordings substantiated plaintiff\u27s theory, but revealed that plaintiff had goaded his wife into making her remarks and had asked her to speak louder at several points, claiming he could not hear her. Held, decree for husband reversed. The recordings were not admissible because the conversations are privileged as confidential communications by the wife to her husband. Hunter v. Hunter, 169 Pa. Super. 498, 83 A. (2d) 401 (1951)

CONFLICT OF LAWS-FULL FAITH AND CREDIT-CUSTODY DECREES

Husband and wife, living in Ohio, were separated in 1945, the only child going to live with the paternal great-grandfather in Pennsylvania. Husband and wife were divorced in Ohio in April 1949. Custody of the child was awarded the wife, but because of the wife\u27s defective vision the child was to remain temporarily with the great-grandfather; it was further provided that the custody question could be relitigated after eighteen months. On October 26, 1949, the wife got a further Ohio decree awarding her sole custody. The great-grandfather refused to surrender the child, and wife filed a petition for habeas corpus in Pennsylvania, November 2, 1949. The Superior Court reversed the trial court and granted the writ. Held, reversed, two judges dissenting. The Ohio court did not have jurisdiction to make the custody decree of October 26, and therefore the decree need not be given full faith and credit in Pennsylvania. Commonwealth ex rel. Graham v. Graham, 367 Pa. 553, 80 A (2d) 829 (1951)

A Comparison of Predictions for SM Higgs Boson Production at the LHC

This paper describes a comparison of most of the available predictions for the cross section and transverse momentum distribution for a 125 GeV mass Higgs at the LHC, including those from the PYTHIA and HERWIG parton shower Monte Carlos and from four resummation calculations.Comment: 7 pages, submitted to proceedings of the Workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders, Les Houches 200

TORTS-FALSE IMPRISONMENT-PUBLIC NUISANCE-LIABILITY FOR DOUBLE PARKING

Defendant had unlawfully double parked his car, thereby blocking plaintiffs\u27 car which was parked at the curb. Plaintiffs sued for $25, alleging only discomfort and inconvenience as their damage. Defendant moved for judgment on the pleading. Held, the complaint states a good cause of action on a public nuisance theory. Harnik v. Levine, Municipal Court of City of New York, 106 N.Y.S. (2d) 460 (1951)

Quantifying the behaviour of curvature perturbations during inflation

How much does the curvature perturbation change after it leaves the horizon, and when should one evaluate the power spectrum? To answer these questions we study single field inflation models numerically, and compare the evolution of different curvature perturbations from horizon crossing to the end of inflation. In particular we calculate the number of efolds it takes for the curvature perturbation at a given wavenumber to settle down to within a given fraction of their value at the end of inflation. We find that e.g. in chaotic inflation, the amplitude of the comoving and the curvature perturbation on uniform density hypersurfaces differ by up to 180 % at horizon crossing assuming the same amplitude at the end of inflation, and that it takes approximately 3 efolds for the curvature perturbation to be within 1 % of its value at the end of inflation.Comment: Revtex4, 11 pages, 10 figures; v2: added results section E, added references and acknowledgements; v3: clarification added to conclusions, version to appear in CQ

A Field Range Bound for General Single-Field Inflation

We explore the consequences of a detection of primordial tensor fluctuations for general single-field models of inflation. Using the effective theory of inflation, we propose a generalization of the Lyth bound. Our bound applies to all single-field models with two-derivative kinetic terms for the scalar fluctuations and is always stronger than the corresponding bound for slow-roll models. This shows that non-trivial dynamics can't evade the Lyth bound. We also present a weaker, but completely universal bound that holds whenever the Null Energy Condition (NEC) is satisfied at horizon crossing.Comment: 16 page

Report of the QCD Tools Working Group

We report on the activities of the ``QCD Tools for heavy flavors and new physics searches'' working group of the Run II Workshop on QCD and Weak Bosons. The contributions cover the topics of improved parton showering and comparisons of Monte Carlo programs and resummation calculations, recent developments in Pythia, the methodology of measuring backgrounds to new physics searches, variable flavor number schemes for heavy quark electro-production, the underlying event in hard scattering processes, and the Monte Carlo MCFM for NLO processes.Comment: LaTeX, 47 pages, 41 figures, 10 tables, uses run2col.sty, to appear in the Proceedings of the Workshop on "QCD and Weak Boson Physics in Run II", Fermilab, March - November 199