2020-06-03/04 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NM Highlights: Navajo Nation to end weekend curfew. NM case count. Navajo Nation case updates. Food distribution by PepsiCo. APS to get funding. US Highlights: 5 vaccine candidates. Arizona’s increased cases. Some states postpone primaries. Pork plant infections. Economics, Workforce, Supply Chain, PPE: Impact on global supply chains. Residency selection process disrupted. Facemask filtration efficiency. Resources for underserved countries. Epidemiology Highlights: Morbidity and mortality in Africa. Healthcare Policy Recommendations: Need for social distancing. Psychological support guide. Return to work guidelines. Practice Guidelines: Anesthesia recommendations for ECT. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcomes. Testing: Roche Elecsys IL-6 test is authorized by FDA to identify severe inflammatory response. Drugs, Vaccines, Therapies, Clinical Trials: HCQ RCT does not show disease prevention. Lancet HCQ study retraction. Adjunctive convalescent plasma did not show clinical improvement. Mixed remdesivir results. Virtual drug screening. Heparin improved survival. Moderna phase 3. Skin science for vaccine development. ECMO therapy. 48 new clinical trials. Other Science: Androgens and poor male outcomes. Trust in science enhances prevention compliance. High VTE prevalence in critically ill

2020-05-22 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NM Highlights: 12 positive cases at NMSU. Short-term rentals restrictions. Dine-in reopening. US Highlights: Models to forecast COVID-19 deaths. Places of worship reopening. Contact tracing at University of Alabama. International Highlights: More deaths among poor. Mortality data in Italy. High death toll in Brazil. Global vaccines fall behind. Italy cases drop. Vaccines to go through India. Epidemiology Highlights: Children not pandemic drivers. Healthcare Policy Recommendations: Burnout of HCWs. NYC surgeons’ response. Foggy glasses tips. Practice Guidelines: Recommendations are provided on surgical strategies during COVID-19, management of hypertension, anesthesia practice, avoiding drug-induced cardiovascular impairments, arrhythmia management, elective surgery reboot, nutritional management, stroke care, neurointerventional surgery, blood management. Testing: Unregulated tests identified. Interpreting test results. Drugs, Vaccines, Therapies, Clinical Trials: Vaccine trials results. Vaccine moves to trials. Monoclonal antibody identified. Hydroxychloroquine no benefit. Adjuvant corticosteroid therapy. Old drugs may benefit. Vaccines inducing antibodies. Other Science: Mortality and CKD/liver disease. Transmission in pregnancy. Pathophysiology insights. Readmission characteristics. Sodium and severity. Simulated sunlight disinfects

2020-04-24 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NYT praises NM. NM Governor update. NM cases. NM antibody tests. State hiring freeze. Navajo Nation sues. Navajo Nation CA doctors. Mental health funding. Balloon Fiesta proceeding. Trump Lysol remarks. $484B business relief. 50k US deaths. US no to WHO initiatives. US crime reductions. Moscow 10% infections. Quebec elderly deaths. Italy psychiatric sequelae. Global vaccines summit. French nicotine sales restrictions. Adaptive cyclic exit strategies. Mask reuse techniques. Mask steaming method. Legionnaire’s reopening risks. Youth mental health. US disease models. Covid phobia treatment avoidance. Nursing home testing. Home nursing demand. CDC home cleaning. Guidelines on: convalescent plasma transfusion, H2O2 nasal use, pre-op testing, respiratory distress, ophthalmological practice, GI department reopening. FDA hydroxychloroquine cautions. Chloroquine high-dose mortality. HCQ+azithromycin long-QT. Iron reduction adjuvant. Repurposing prioritization. Pediatric HCQ dosing. HCQ enrollment up. 107 trials registered. PPE skin injuries. LDL and severity. 32 ECMO patients. Worse outcomes older monkeys

2020-05-02/03 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: More NM cases. Free Shiprock testing. Prison release demands. 8 state parks reopen. Higher US deaths. NY PPE case dismissed. Orthopedic Tx down. European deaths down. UK mortality factors. People leaving large cities. Ending lockdown strategies. Public mask impact. Taiwan tracing. Homeless shelter prevalence. Homeless shelter outbreak. 50-state R0. COVID-19 decades later. US county tracking site. Hospital management model. COVID-19 behavioral transformation. Practice guidelines for: cardiology, IBD surgery, and rheumatic physical inactivity. Roche antibody test approved. Abbott antibody test EU-certified. Home anosmia assessment. CVD and ACE/ARBs. Tocilizumab early evidence. Tocilizumab systematic review. WHO vaccines trial. HCQ slower viral clearance. CBC predicts severity. Kidney disease meta-analysis. Innate/adaptive immunity timing. Combating misinformation. Mental health living reviews

2020-04-30 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NM residential facility deaths. NM case update. NM TriCore testing antibodies. Navajo nation cases. May 10 Navajo peak. Udall funding push. El Paso shopping discouraged. NM budget shortfall. Santa Fe furlough. Ethanol sanitizer safety. LA free testing for all. Michigan protest. NM Batelle N95 decontamination. Hospital revenue decline. Wastewater early detection. German herd immunity. 60-day viral shedding possible. Temporary infected “ark”. Prison release preparedness. Low quality research. Phased long-term care. Suicide prevention. Corticosteroid tradeoffs. Cloth mask guidelines. SARS-CoV-2 assays compared. IgG and viral loads. Better testing reporting. Dubious testing vendors. Promising oral drug. Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis dosing. Umifenovir ineffective. Multi-drug nanoparticles. Drug discovery new targets. 38 new COVID-19 trials. Cancer research review. Attenuated SARS-CoV-2

2020-05-04 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NM convalescent plasma call. NM case counts. Gallup lockdown continues. Tribal federal relief delay. Childcare demand drops. Polling open for primaries. Non-US world funds R&D. South Korea eases more. Soft quarantine inefficiency. Chinese interventions. Transmission window. December French case. CDC on law enforcement, essential errands. NEJM on telemedicine. Practice guidelines for: ECMO, pneumonia, nuclear medicine SOP. FDA antibody test restrictions. Africa testing differences. PCR assay sensitivity. Wuhan antibody tracking. Hydroxychloroquine toxicity. Remdesivir mechanism. Tocilzumab study inconclusive. SARs-CoV-2 structure. 28 new trials. Immunology and exercise. Synthetic SARS-CoV-2. IgM and IgG responses. Bacterial and fungal coinfection. Youth mental health challenges

2020-05-05 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NM cases. Navajo cases. NM remdesivir inaccessible. Infected prison staff. No early prison releases. Unemployment beats working. NM $97M food benefits. UNM$50M revenue loss. Meat packer testing. Fall school reopening planning. Gym/salon reopening plans. 91k absentee ballots. Santa Fe closes polling stations. NM oil/gas pollution oversight. Prisons vulnerable. WH rejects FEMA report. Schools plan reopening. Italian mafia concerns. UK overtakes Italy. Symptom tracker early warning. Ethanol for FFP2 masks. Counterfeit masks. Mask skin damage. Mutant coronavirus more contagious. Hospital contamination zones. Disease prevalence estimation. Successful control measures. Average contagious period. Genetic epidemiology. Managing healthcare resources. Exercise and fitness. Italian disease management Q&A. Practice guidelines on: bronchoscopy, sarcoidosis management, glycemic control, key laboratory tests, ACE/ARB Tx, neurosurgery, cardiac surgery. WHO: test old pneumonia samples. SW NM free testing. Diagnostic assays compared. Corticosteroid benefits. Beekeepers COVID-free? European vaccine US trials. Cytokine storm interventions. Lopinavir-ritonavir second chance. Melatonin potential Tx. 48 clinical trials. Placental infection. Cytokine severity markers. Male lungs worse. Sleep problems. IBD physician survey. Researcher career impact

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Compensation during Gait using Hamstring Muscle Activity

Previous research has shown that an increase in hamstring activation may compensate for anterior tibial transalation (ATT) in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee (ACLd); however, the effects of this compensation still remain unclear. The goals of this study were to quantify the activation of the hamstring muscles needed to compensate the ATT in ACLd knee during the complete gait cycle and to evaluate the effect of this compensation on quadriceps activation and joint contact forces. A two dimensional model of the knee was used, which included the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints, knee ligaments, the medial capsule and two muscles units. Simulations were conducted to determine the ATT in healthy and ACLd knee and the hamstring activation needed to correct the abnormal ATT to normal levels (100% compensation) and to 50% compensation. Then, the quadriceps activation and the joint contact forces were calculated. Results showed that 100% compensation would require hamstring and quadriceps activations larger than their maximum isometric force, and would generate an increment in the peak contact force at the tibiofemoral (115%) and patellofemoral (48%) joint with respect to the healthy knee. On the other hand, 50% compensation would require less force generated by the muscles (less than 0.85 of maximum isometric force) and smaller contact forces (peak tibiofemoral contact force increased 23% and peak patellofemoral contact force decreased 7.5% with respect to the healthy knee). Total compensation of ATT by means of increased hamstring activity is possible; however, partial compensation represents a less deleterious strategy

2020-05-27/28 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NM Highlights: NM governor’s press briefing. NM restaurants reopening. Navajo Nation updates. NM case count. CVS new testing sites. Mask Madness competition updates. Limited campus will return at UNM. US Highlights: CA becomes fourth state with 100,000 known infections. Model shows relationship between COVID-19 and crime. International Highlights: E.U. countries ban hydroxychloroquine. Will E.U. economic collapse create an historic centralized government? Economics, Workforce, Supply Chain, PPE: Mental health impact. Face mask itch. Remote postdoctoral fellowships. Epidemiology Highlights: Black vs. white hospitalization and mortality. African infection rates limited. Characteristics of COVID patients. Healthcare Policy Recommendations: South Korea focuses on a single metric: time from symptom onset to hospitalization/quarantine. Full flight travel ban effectiveness. The role of case managers during COVID-19 crisis. Only half of Americans are ready to get vaccinated once the vaccine becomes available: a survey. Practice Guidelines: Harvard authors’ recommendations on restarting essential surgery during COVID-19 pandemic. UNM Project ECHO response to COVID-19 (includes osteoporosis management recommendations). Five online COVID-19 treatment simulations. Testing: Validation of modified viral detection assays across multiple specimen types. Drugs, Vaccines, Therapies, Clinical Trials: Remdesivir 5 days vs. 10. Anti-platelet therapy. Virtual screenings. S-HCQ better than R-HCQ. Stem cell therapy. Tocilizumab not effective. HCQ and CQ safety issues. Lopinavir-ritonavir no benefit. 79 new trials. Other Science: Apolipoprotein E gene associated with severity. France cardiac arrests double. Lab tests that predict severity. ER inanimate surface contamination. Long-term SARS and MERS outcomes