G-Group E-Shopping With Drive-Through (eWay) : Effective Drive-Through Operation For eWay

Customers purchase grocery from retail stores to fulfill living needs and requirements. The current purchase model in Malaysia requires customers to walk in to the store to perform purchase activity, predominantly referred to as traditional purchase store. Pelanggan membeli barangan keperluan melalui pasaraya untuk memenuhi keperluan harian. Model pembelian di negara Malaysia memerlukan pelanggan memasuki pasaraya untuk membeli barangan keperluan, iaitu pembelian secara tradisi

Characterization of the Biological Roles and Biochemical Properties of Triphosphate Tunnel Metalloenzyme Superfamily Members in Plants

The triphosphate tunnel metalloenzyme (TTM) superfamily comprises a group of enzymes that hydrolyze organophosphate substrates in a metal-dependent manner. Members of this family have diverse biological functions in different organisms. Arabidopsis encodes three TTM genes, called AtTTM1, AtTTM2, and AtTTM3. Previous work showed that AtTTM3 is a tripolyphosphatase requiring Mg2+ where its crystal structure reveals the signature TTM catalytic tunnel. In this thesis, I present my findings on the biological and biochemical characterization of AtTTM1 and AtTTM2. A reverse genetics approach using T-DNA insertion knockout lines revealed that AtTTM2 is a negative regulator of the SA amplification loop in defense responses. ttm2 plants exhibit enhanced defense responses to virulent and avirulent pathogens, enhanced hypersensitive response (HR), elevated SA, and enhanced SAR. ttm2-mediated enhanced resistance requires the key defense regulators, PAD4, ICS1, and NPR1. Furthermore, AtTTM2 is transcriptionally downregulated in response to pathogen infection and flg22, SA, and BTH treatment. While ttm2 exhibits enhanced resistance, it is not an autoimmune mutant, suggesting that it is not a conventional negative regulator of defense responses. Phenotypic characterization of ttm1 did not reveal any alterations in defense responses. Instead, ttm1 exhibited delayed senescence by showing enhanced chlorophyll retention after dark-induced senescence, which is concomitant with the delayed expression of senescence markers. Furthermore, AtTTM1 is transcriptionally upregulated in response to dark-induced senescence, suggesting that it is a positive regulator of senescence. Interestingly, functional complementation of ttm1 and ttm2 phenotypes in promoter swap analyses revealed that the distinct biological roles of AtTTM1 and AtTTM2 are governed by their expression patterns. These results indicate that their biochemical functions are likely highly similar or identical, which was supported by the observation that both AtTTM1 and AtTTM2 possess pyrophosphatase activity in the presence of Mg2+. The findings presented in this thesis not only depict the first characterization of TTM superfamily members in plants, but they also represent one of the first accounts of the importance of TTM proteins in a biological context.Ph.D.2017-06-30 00:00:0

Penggunaan pujian dalam bahasa cina oleh guru wanita dan lelaki / Teoh Huoi She

This purpose of this study is to examine compliment among secondary school teachers in Chinese language. Therefore, this study tends to explore the common realizations of compliments in Chinese language which used by female and male teachers in the classroom. In addition, this study also to explore lexical and syntactic patterns of Chinese compliments. The data of the present study are based on the conversation in the classroom which has been recorded and transcribed. Jefferson Transcription System (1978) adapted and modified to analyze the conversation in Chinese language. The study was obtained on the analytical framework established by Ye (1995) and Wang (2003). Qualitative method is used to illustrate the realization compliment of gender, while the frequency is shown as percentage by analyzing the data. The results show that female and male teachers were found realize explicit compliment, compliment implicit and no compliment, but they didnt not use strategie no response while teaching in class. This finding is consistent with results reported by Ye (1995), but it is slightly different. However, the compliment given to the students is different between men and women teachers, where female teachers are more likely to use compliment, especially explicit compliment. The results shows that the overwhelming majority of Chinese compliments contain a high restricted set of adjectives, where it is consistent with the findings of Wolfson (1983). The most commonly used adjectives by female and male teachers are those with positive semantic meaning 好 (hǎo / good), 对 (duì / right) and 准确 (zhǔnquè / accurate / correct). However, they differ in the use of adverbs and verbs when complimenting. The most often syntactic patterns used by female and male teachers are adjective (ADJ) + [particle (PART)] and combination of adverbs (ADV) + adjective (ADJ). Instead, they also show differences in the selection of syntactic patterns when complimenting the students. Female teachers are more likely to choose a combination of a noun or noun phrase [(KN / FN)] + verb (KK) + adverbs (ADV) + adjective (ADJ), while the male teachers prefer to use syntactic pattern comparison (比 bǐ). In addition, female teachers prefer to use proper names, especially names of students, while male teachers are more often to use pronouns 这 (zhè / this) to compliment. Finally, this study hopes to contribute to linguistics and encourage other researchers to explore the field of language and gender

SA-ABA antagonism in defense responses

Until recently, phytohormones were mostly studied separately. However, recent studies have suggested that the signaling pathways involved are highly interconnected. We recently reported the antagonistic effects of salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in the lesion mimic mutants, cpr22 and ssi4. After shifting these mutants from high humidity, where the lesion mimic phenotype is suppressed to permissive low humidity condition, both SA and ABA pathways were upregulated. However, the increased levels of SA were able to block downstream ABA responses even though ABA signaling genes and endogenous ABA were elevated. Furthermore, these lesion mimic mutants displayed a partial ABA insensitivity with respect to germination, guard cell opening and water loss. This increased water loss in detached mutant plants could also be mimicked by treating wild type plants with SA. An active SA analog, 5-chloro-salicylic acid also induced enhanced water loss, while an inactive analog, 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid, did not. Here, we report that the biological analogs of SA, the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) activators, BTH [benzo-(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester) and BIT (1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one1,1-dioxide], did not have the same effect as SA, suggesting that SA may have additional roles to defense and that SAR activators may not mimic all SA effects

The study on the effectiveness of online learning towards hospitality students learning outcomes.

Online learning is one of the channels of information delivery to students at the university, but nowadays online learning channels are increasingly gaining the attention of students and even become the main channel in the delivery of information. Various types of channels have been used to ensure that information can reach students, among the types of channels that are often used by students are Google Meet, Zoom. This research project aims to study how the Knowledge, Attitude, Practise (KAP) Model influence the effectiveness of online learning towards Hospitality students learning outcome at University Malaysia Kelantan. Therefore, this study measures the empirical factors that are through Knowledge, attitude, practical that affect the learning outcomes of Hospitality students at University Malaysia Kelantan. The study was also compiled through a survey of quantitative methods on hospitality students with special attention to third-year hospitality students who took practical subjects that required specialized tools during online learning. Using SPSS, the researchers took a total of 169 respondents, and the results obtained are explained in the form of tables and charts. The analysis was performed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient to study the relationship and influence that exists between the variables that are independent variables and dependent variables. Based on this study, the researchers acknowledged that all these factors are important in influencing the learning outcomes of hospitality students. This has been proved from the Pearson correlation values for each variable obtained by the researchers. The high positive and significant correlation for the acquired knowledge of P value was 0.971. Second, positive and significant relationships were also high for Attitudes which got a P value of 0.987. Lastly, the high positive and significant correlation also for the online practical part also got a P value of 0.980. Through this study, it can be determined that knowledge, attitudes and practices influence the effectiveness of online learning on the learning outcomes of hospitality students at University Malaysia Kelantan

Incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia, bacteraemia and urinary tract infections in patients with haematological malignancies, 2004-2010: a surveillance-based study.

International audienceOBJECTIVE: This study charted incidence trends of hospital-acquired (HA) pneumonia, bacteraemia and urinary tract infections (UTI) in a haematology department. METHODS: Prospective surveillance of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) was undertaken in a 42-bed haematology department of a university hospital. All patients hospitalized ≥48 hours between 1(st) January 2004 and 31(st) December 2010 were included. Definitions of HAI were based on a standardized protocol. The incidence was the number of events per 1000 patient-days at risk; only the first HAI was counted. Multivariate Poisson regression was fitted to assess temporal trends. RESULTS: Among 3 355 patients (58 063 patient-days at risk) included, 1 055 (31%) had HAI. The incidence of HA pneumonia, HA bacteraemia and HA UTI was respectively 3.3, 12.0 and 2.9 per 1000 patient-days at risk. HA bacteraemia incidence increased by 11% (95% confidence interval: +6%, +15%, P<0.001) per year, independently of neutropenia, central venous catheterization (CVC) and haematological disease. The incidences of HA pneumonia and HA UTI were stable. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Aspergillus spp. (59.2%) for pneumonia, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (44.2%) for bacteraemia and enterobacteria (60%) for UTI. CONCLUSION: The incidence of bacteraemia increased, indicating that factors other than CVC exposure, including chemotherapy with its impact on the immune system, could explain this trend. Further analytic studies are needed to explore the factors that could explain this trend