The External Globus Pallidus: Bidirectional Control Over Anxiety-Related Behavior Mediated by CRFR1

Abstract THE EXTERNAL GLOBUS PALLIDUS: BIDIRECTIONAL CONTROL OVER ANXIETY-RELATED BEHAVIOR MEDIATED BY CRFR1 Albert Lee Joseph Hunt, Jr., B.S. Advisory Professor: Shane Cunha, Ph.D. Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 (CRFR1), the principle receptor responsible for the anxiogenic activity of the stress peptide CRF, is abundantly expressed in the external globus pallidus (GPe) raising the question whether activity in the GPe is altered in response to stress. I show that CRFR1 expressing neurons are of the “prototypic” subtype of GPe neurons. I provide evidence of novel circuits from CRF neurons in stress-responsive nuclei, including the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), that provide excitatory input to the GPe. Additionally, I show that activation of CRFR1 neurons using Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) increases anxiety-related behavior and movement. I show that anxiety-related behavior and movement are decreased in response to activation of Npas1+ neurons, a class of neuron in the GPe that are primarily of the “arkypallidal” subtype. My evidence indicates that CRF neurons may project to the GPe to modulate anxiety-related behavior and movement through differential synaptic input to distinct GPe neuronal subtypes. CRF to GPe circuits provide possible therapeutic avenues to treat anxiety disorders comorbid with basal ganglia neurodegenerative diseases that cause aberrant activity in the GPe such as Parkinson’s disease

Jesus, the Resurrection: A Sermon

Memorial SermonJesus, "The Resurrection": A Sermon preached at the funeral of Mrs. Mary E. Foss, wife of Rev. Cyrus D. Foss in the South Fifth Street M.E. Church on Sunday, September 20, 1863 by Rev. Albert S. Hun

Shear Stress Measurements of Non-Spherical Particles in High Shear Rate Flows

The behavior of liquid-solid flows varies greatly depending on fluid viscosity; particle and liquid inertia; and collisions and near-collisions between particles. Shear stress measurements were made in a coaxial rheometer with a height to gap ratio (b/r0) of 11.7 and gap to outer radius ratio (h/b) of 0.166 that was specially designed to minimize the effects of secondary flows. Experiments were performed for a range of Reynolds numbers, solid fractions and ratio of particle to fluid densities. With neutrally buoyant particles, the dimensional shear stress exhibits a linear dependence on Reynolds number: the slope is monotonic but a non-linear function of the solid fraction. Though non-neutrally buoyant particles exhibit a similar linear dependence at higher Reynolds numbers, at lower values the shear stress exhibits a non-linear behavior in which the stress increases with decreasing Reynolds number due to particle settling

Transition to professional social work practice: The first three years

This article presents the findings of a longitudinal research project that followed the employ-ment outcomes of one cohort of Bachelor of Social Work graduates for three years. Prior to graduation, students receive professional preparation that develops their ability to critically engage with theory and practice. Following graduation, newly qualified social workers require quality induction, supervision and other workload management strategies to support the transition to social work practice. The development of this study was fuelled by political criticism of social work education. Additionally, there was a desire to track the employment outcomes of the graduates and understand what supported their transition to competent professional practice. The findings fit within a five-year longitudinal research project that follows three separate graduate cohorts each for three years to seek and compare participants’ experiences for their first three years post-qualification. An anonymous, semi-structured, on-line survey was used to provide both quantitative and qualitative data. By the second year of practice, these respond-ents were taking on the workload of an experienced social work practitioner with widely varied levels of support. By the end of their third year in practice, they reported that they had found little opportunity to apply their critical analytical academic skills to consider the wider social system in practice. Further, the graduates’ confidence in their cultural competencies also gradually decreased over the three-year period

Evolving Networks with Multi-species Nodes and Spread in the Number of Initial Links

We consider models for growing networks incorporating two effects not previously considered: (i) different species of nodes, with each species having different properties (such as different attachment probabilities to other node species); and (ii) when a new node is born, its number of links to old nodes is random with a given probability distribution. Our numerical simulations show good agreement with analytic solutions. As an application of our model, we investigate the movie-actor network with movies considered as nodes and actors as links.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PR

Transition to Professional Social Work Practice: The First Three Years

This article presents the findings of a longitudinal research project that followed the employ-ment outcomes of one cohort of Bachelor of Social Work graduates for three years. Prior to graduation, students receive professional preparation that develops their ability to critically engage with theory and practice. Following graduation, newly qualified social workers require quality induction, supervision and other workload management strategies to support the transition to social work practice. The development of this study was fuelled by political criticism of social work education. Additionally, there was a desire to track the employment outcomes of the graduates and understand what supported their transition to competent professional practice. The findings fit within a five-year longitudinal research project that follows three separate graduate cohorts each for three years to seek and compare participants’ experiences for their first three years post-qualification. An anonymous, semi-structured, on-line survey was used to provide both quantitative and qualitative data. By the second year of practice, these respond-ents were taking on the workload of an experienced social work practitioner with widely varied levels of support. By the end of their third year in practice, they reported that they had found little opportunity to apply their critical analytical academic skills to consider the wider social system in practice. Further, the graduates’ confidence in their cultural competencies also gradually decreased over the three-year period

Genomic Imprinting Mediates Social Interactions Within Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Colonies.

Patient centeredness means providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs and values, and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions’.The concept assumes that both physicians and patients are experts; physicians in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, patients by their personal experience. Van der Eijk examined how patient-centeredness could be defined, measured and improved in Parkinson care. Patients with Parkinson's disease(PD) become progressively disabled due to a mixture of cognitive, emotional and motor symptoms. Given the complex nature of the disease, delivering patient-centered care to PD patients is challenging. Preferably, Parkinson care is provided by a collaborative team of physicians, nurses, psychosocial caregivers and allied health experts. 'Patient-centeredness' implies that patients are invited to participate within this team. PD patients currently assume a passive role in healthcare, partially because this is the traditional approach, but also because they lack the tools to self-manage their condition. Van der Eijk found out that PD patients experience a lack of collaboration between their healthcare professionals. Additionally, patients urgently call for more and personally tailored information as well as emotional support to cope better with their disease. Van der Eijk collected patient-experiences in the Netherlands, Canada and the United States and evaluated regional multidisciplinary healthcare networks and online health communities. These innovations may improve the patient-centeredness of care and enhance communication among health professionals and patients, and support coordination of care across institutions. A personal health community is a private community governed by individual patients. Apart from the patient, participants include the caregiver and one or more (ideally all) health professionals involved. Patients favor the possibility to interact with their health professionals for emotional support and to obtain medical information. When technically well facilitated, the concept stimulates active patient involvement in their own health and healthcare

Transition to professional social work practice: the initial year

This paper presents the findings of the first year of a three-year longitudinal study of new graduate social workers from a Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) program in Aotearoa New Zealand. We compare work outcomes and graduates’ perceptions of their readiness for practice against the New Zealand Social Workers Registration Board’s (SWRB’s) 10 core competencies. This study’s impetus came from an increase in the professionally accepted minimum qualification benchmark, recent political commentary on the preparedness of social work graduates, and associated roles of the SWRB and Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Work (ANZASW). The aim of this longitudinal research is to track paid and unpaid work outcomes and identify the support needs of social work graduates as they transition from students into professional practitioners. An on-line questionnaire offered graduates the opportunity to comment annually on their professional progress. The respondents all found paid employment as social workers in that first year and identified transitional challenges. Supports to ease this transition included supervision, mentoring, collegiality, coaching, case-load protection (both volume and complexity), continuing professional development, and professional networking. Concluding that the first year of practice is a highly demanding one, we highlight the need for new graduates to have reduced case-loads and additional levels of support. This article is highly relevant for the profession in Aotearoa New Zealand and elsewhere, particularly for countries such as Australia where there is no legislated registration process for social workers