From theology to mystagogy. The interiorisation of the Protestant tradition by a world citizen: Dag Hammarskjöld

This essay presents as paradigm the reflection of Dag Hammarskjöld on the history of his belief. It investigates how his initial expression of theological concepts gradually became a mystagogical process, interiorising the religious traditions in which he has grown up

The use of scripture in the "imitation of Christ" by Thomas A Kempis

This essay investigates the use of Scripture in The Imitation of Christ by Thomas a Kempis. It discusses some of the conditions during the time of its appearance, focussing on the Devotio Moderna as reform movement, the life of Thomas. It then discusses the Imitation and its use of Scripture in detail

Conrad’s allegorical reading of 1 Sam. 14: An analysis of a sermon by Conrad of Saint George on the worthy reception of the blessed sacrament

The sermon on 1 Samuel 14 is a paradigm for the allegorical mode of reading in the Middle Ages. This mode of reading first of all relates the Bible text to our life and in doing so places the relationship with God in a central position. The text is an expression of a divine address. Subsequently the whole of the text is read from the perspective of the mystagogic moment as the reader’s personal transformation process. In this way the historical context falls away and the development of the spiritual path becomes central. This shows that the allegorical mode of reading has its own logic and cannot be dismissed as human fantasy. This mode of reading is characterized by a great precision and a pure orientation on God’s action. Modern readers will have to discover anew the divine address in the text, again and again

Real-Time Temperature and Heat Flux Measurements for Lyophilization Process Design and Monitoring: Part 1

Lyophilization is a common method used to preserve pharmaceutical and biological products. Accurately measuring temperature during the three stages of lyophilization: freezing, primary drying, and secondary drying, is important to ensure product consistency and to reduce operating costs. Wireless temperature sensors were evaluated to determine if temperature is monitored accurately and to determine if wireless temperature sensors offer advantages over traditional temperature measurement technologies. These sensors contain three capacitors to monitor temperature as the solvent is sublimated. A Millrock Technology REVO lyophilizer was used for testing. Water and 5% w/v sucrose solution were distributed in 3 mL fill volume increments into Wheaton 6R vials. Wireless temperature sensor measurements were compared with thermocouple measurements. Differences in temperature measurements between the top, middle, and bottom capacitors in each wireless temperature sensing unit demonstrates the sublimation pattern of the solvent in the primary drying stage. These sensors allow for heat flux through the product to be computed during the primary drying phase. Our goal is to assess the limitations and benefits of using wireless temperature sensors compared to commonly used thermocouples and other process monitoring technologies for lyophilization processes as well as to determine methods to further improve the wireless temperature sensors