EGFR and COX-2 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer and the correlation with clinical features

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To evaluate the expression of EGFR and COX-2 and their correlation with prognosis in NSCLC</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The paraffin embedded tumor samples of 50 NSCLC patients receiving radical resection were analyzed immunohistochemically for EGFR and COX-2 expression and their prognostic values were explored.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The positive rate of EGFR protein in NSCLC tumor cells was 46%, which was significantly higher than its expression in normal lung (p = 0.0234) and paracancerous tissues (p = 0.020). EGFR expression was significantly higher in nodal positive than in nodal negative patients (p = 0.04). The mean survival time for EGFR positive patients (31 months) was significantly lower than that for patients with EGFR negative expression (48 months) (p = 0.008,). In patients receiving post-operation thoracic irradiation, the mean survival time for EGFR positive patients was significantly lower than that for patients without EGFR positive expression (25 vs. 48 months, P = 0.004). The positive rate of COX-2 protein expression in NSCLC tumor cells was 90%, which was significantly higher than that in normal tissue(p = 0.00) and paracancerous tissue (p = 0.00). There was no correlation between COX-2 expression and patient survival, and no correlation between COX-2 and EGFR protein expression (P = 0.555).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>COX-2 and EGFR are over-expressed in NSCLC. EGFR is an independent prognostic factor and a predictive factor for radiotherapy response in NSCLC.</p

Cyanidin-3-o-Glucoside Pharmacologically Inhibits Tumorigenesis via Estrogen Receptor β in Melanoma Mice

Expression patterns of estrogen receptors [ERα, ERβ, and G-protein associated ER (GPER)] in melanoma and skin may suggest their differential roles in carcinogenesis. Phytoestrogenic compound cyanidin-3-o-glucoside (C3G) has been shown to inhibit the growth and metastatic potential of melanoma, although the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of action of C3G in melanoma in vitro and in vivo, as well as to characterize the functional expressions of ERs in melanoma. In normal skin or melanoma (n = 20/each), no ERα protein was detectable, whereas expression of ERβ was high in skin but weak focal or negative in melanoma; and finally high expression of GPER in all skin vs. 50% melanoma tissues (10/20) was found. These results correspond with our analysis of the melanoma survival rates (SRs) from Human Protein Atlas and The Cancer Genome Atlas GDC (362 patients), where low ERβ expression in melanoma correlate with a poor relapse-free survival, and no correlations were observed between SRs and ERα or GPER expression in melanoma. Furthermore, we demonstrated that C3G treatment arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase by targeting cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and promoted apoptosis via ERβ in both mouse and human melanoma cell lines, and inhibited melanoma cell growth in vivo. Our study suggested that C3G elicits an agonistic effect toward ERβ signaling enhancement, which may serve as a potential novel therapeutic and preventive approach for melanoma

Macrophage deletion of Noc4l triggers endosomal TLR4/TRIF signal and leads to insulin resistance

In obesity, macrophages drive a low-grade systemic inflammation (LSI) and insulin resistance (IR). The ribosome biosynthesis protein NOC4 (NOC4) mediates 40 S ribosomal subunits synthesis in yeast. Hereby, we reported an unexpected location and function of NOC4L, which was preferentially expressed in human and mouse macrophages. NOC4L was decreased in both obese human and mice. The macrophage-specific deletion of Noc4l in mice displayed IR and LSI. Conversely, Noc4l overexpression by lentivirus treatment and transgenic mouse model improved glucose metabolism in mice. Importantly, we found that Noc4l can interact with TLR4 to inhibit its endocytosis and block the TRIF pathway, thereafter ameliorated LSI and IR in mice.Macrophage inflammation promotes insulin resistance during diet-induced obesity. Here the authors show that macrophage NOC4L is decreased in humans and mice with obesity, that macrophage NOC4L deficiency aggravated high-fat diet induced inflammation and insulin resistance, and that NOC4L interacts with toll-like receptor 4, to inhibit endocytosis, and thus blocks TLF4/TRIF inflammatory signaling

The Effect of Specific Energy Density on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of CoCrMo Alloy Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition

With the development of modern medical implants, there are significantly increasing demands for personalized prosthesis. Corrosion-resistance and dense cobalt alloy specimens have been successfully fabricated by laser metal deposition. The relationship between specific energy density, microstructure and corrosion resistance of the specimens is investigated. The results show that higher specific energy density promotes the formation of columnar grain and leads to coarse grain size. The evolution and distribution of deposited microstructure from bottom to top are summarized in a metallographic sketch. The corrosion current of deposited specimens increases from 2.071 &#215; 10&#8722;6 A/cm2 to 6.86 &#215; 10&#8722;5 A/cm2 and rapidly drops to 9.88 &#215; 10&#8722;7 A/cm2 with increase of specific energy density from 318.8 J/g to 2752.3 J/g. The columnar and equiaxed structure of deposited specimens have lower corrosion current than mixed structure due to finer grain and less Mo segregation. The deposited have low level metal released because of passive film. The passive film have different formation routes in Hank&#8217;s solution and acidic saliva. The specific energy density has an important effect on the microstructure of deposited, which improves corrosion resistance and life span in implant

Development and validation of medical adhesive‐related skin injury risk assessment scale at peripherally inserted central catheter insertion site in oncology patients

Abstract Aims and objectives To construct a risk assessment scale for medical adhesive‐related skin injuries (MARSI) at the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion site in oncology patients and test its reliability and validity. Design The STARD 2015 statement guided this study. Methods Literature research and a modified Delphi method were adopted in this study. A total of 31 experts participated in two rounds of consultation to build the assessment scale. A convenient sampling method was used to select 195 oncology patients at the PICC clinic from January to June 2022. Inter‐rater reliability was used to test the reliability of the scale. Validity was evaluated using the content validity index (CVI) and predictive validity. Results After the two rounds of consultation, the assessment scale with five dimensions and 13 primary entries and 36 secondary entries was developed, and the expert authority coefficients for both were 0.90. The inter‐rater reliability was 0.968. The CVIs of the items ranged from 0.83 to 1.00. The area under the subject's work characteristic curve was 0.757, and the sensitivity and specificity of the scale were 80.0% and 65.6%, respectively, at a cutoff score of 15.5

A Novel Change Detection Method for Natural Disaster Detection and Segmentation from Video Sequence

Change detection (CD) is critical for natural disaster detection, monitoring and evaluation. Video satellites, new types of satellites being launched recently, are able to record the motion change during natural disasters. This raises a new problem for traditional CD methods, as they can only detect areas with highly changed radiometric and geometric information. Optical flow-based methods are able to detect the pixel-based motion tracking at fast speed; however, they are difficult to determine an optimal threshold for separating the changed from the unchanged part for CD problems. To overcome the above problems, this paper proposed a novel automatic change detection framework: OFATS (optical flow-based adaptive thresholding segmentation). Combining the characteristics of optical flow data, a new objective function based on the ratio of maximum between-class variance and minimum within-class variance has been constructed and two key steps are motion detection based on optical flow estimation using deep learning (DL) method and changed area segmentation based on an adaptive threshold selection. Experiments are carried out using two groups of video sequences, which demonstrated that the proposed method is able to achieve high accuracy with F1 value of 0.98 and 0.94, respectively

Tuning sulfur doping in graphene for highly sensitive dopamine biosensors

S-doped graphene has attracted extensive interest in recent years due to its high catalytic activity. However, most of the previously reported S-doped graphene materials present diverse types of S-bonding configurations, it is hard to distinguish which configuration is mainly responsible for the catalytic activity. Here, homogeneous thiophene S-doped graphene can be synthesized through solid-state reaction between graphene oxide and sulfate, and the doping amount can be easily tuned by the sulfate dosage. More importantly, abundant micropores and some mesopores are formed in the surface of graphene sheets during S-doping. Due to its high S-loading mass, thiophenic sulfur species and unique porous structure, S-doped graphene shows high electrocatalytic activity toward the redox reaction of dopamine, such as high selectivity, high sensitivity and low detection limit (3.94 mu M mu A(-1), 1.5 x 10(-8)M at SIN = 3). (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p