The Idea and Scope of Glocal Public Philosophy

[はじめに] 2016年11月8日に、山脇直司氏をお招きして千葉大学公共学会講演会を開催した。来年度（2017 年度）より千葉大学では「人文公共学府」としての改組が行われ、さらなる公共学、公共研究の発展を進めていきたいと考える中、12 年ぶりに山脇先生に千葉大学にお越しいただき、「グローカル公共哲学の意義、役割、射程」というタイトルでお話いただいた

Antioxidative Properties and Interconversion of <i>tert</i>-Butylhydroquinone and <i>tert</i>-Butylquinone in Soybean Oils

During the process of antioxidation of <i>tert</i>-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) in oil and fat systems, <i>tert</i>-butylquinone (TQ) can be formed, which has higher toxicity than TBHQ. The changes of TBHQ and TQ in edible oils at room temperature (RT) or under thermal treatment were investigated. Under thermal treatment, volatilization was the main pathway of TBHQ loss in edible oils. TQ was the main oxidation product of TBHQ under thermal treatment as well as at RT. The amount of TQ in thermally treated oils was much less than that in oils stored at RT due to the decreased amount of oxygen dissolved in oils and easy volatilization of TQ at high temperature. In addition, TQ can be reduced to TBHQ by reduction components in edible oils, but the conversion amount was very small. Thus, TQ, theoretically having no antioxidative property, presented a very weak antioxidative activity equivalent to that of BHA due to the presence of insignificant amount of TBHQ formed from TQ in edible oils. The narrow potential difference of 0.059 between oxidation and reduction peaks of TBHQ and TQ resulted in easy interconversion of TBHQ and TQ under the action of common oxidation and reduction substances which have a higher oxidation potential or a lower reduction potential than they have

The plaster cast assembly was rigidly fixed to the stage of a high-precision triaxial electronic translator.

<p>The translation stage could move linearly along the x-, y-, and z-axes, as well as circularly in three planes (XOY, XOZ, and YOZ) with a recording accuracy of 0.001 mm.</p

The occlusal splint was rigidly attached to a target.

<p>The trajectories of three spots within the target were recorded using the computerized, binocular, 3D trajectory-tracking device.</p

The initial positions of the three target spots were shown in red.

<p>The linear trajectories of the three target spots in three directions were shown in white.</p

A Method of Three-Dimensional Recording of Mandibular Movement Based on Two-Dimensional Image Feature Extraction

<div><p>Background and Objective</p><p>To develop a real-time recording system based on computer binocular vision and two-dimensional image feature extraction to accurately record mandibular movement in three dimensions.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A computer-based binocular vision device with two digital cameras was used in conjunction with a fixed head retention bracket to track occlusal movement. Software was developed for extracting target spatial coordinates in real time based on two-dimensional image feature recognition. A plaster model of a subject’s upper and lower dentition were made using conventional methods. A mandibular occlusal splint was made on the plaster model, and then the occlusal surface was removed. Temporal denture base resin was used to make a 3-cm handle extending outside the mouth connecting the anterior labial surface of the occlusal splint with a detection target with intersecting lines designed for spatial coordinate extraction. The subject's head was firmly fixed in place, and the occlusal splint was fully seated on the mandibular dentition. The subject was then asked to make various mouth movements while the mandibular movement target locus point set was recorded. Comparisons between the coordinate values and the actual values of the 30 intersections on the detection target were then analyzed using paired t-tests.</p><p>Results</p><p>The three-dimensional trajectory curve shapes of the mandibular movements were consistent with the respective subject movements. Mean XYZ coordinate values and paired t-test results were as follows: X axis: -0.0037 ± 0.02953, P = 0.502; Y axis: 0.0037 ± 0.05242, P = 0.704; and Z axis: 0.0007 ± 0.06040, P = 0.952. The t-test result showed that the coordinate values of the 30 cross points were considered statistically no significant. (P<0.05)</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Use of a real-time recording system of three-dimensional mandibular movement based on computer binocular vision and two-dimensional image feature recognition technology produced a recording accuracy of approximately ± 0.1 mm, and is therefore suitable for clinical application. Certainly, further research is necessary to confirm the clinical applications of the method.</p></div

Consistency of subject movement and derived trajectory curve.

<p>(a) Subject’s actual movements; (b) Trajectory curve created by Imageware software.</p

System detection precision analysis.

<p>System detection precision analysis.</p

Design of the target.

<p>(a) a piece of white printing paper having one 32 mm × 23.5-mm black rectangle and four 4 mm × 4-mm black squares; (b) The three dots represent the three targets (the lower left corner, the lower right corner and the upper left corner) in the overall detection target.</p

Mandibular occlusal splint.

<p>(a) Hard lower occlusal splint without occlusal surface; (b) Mandibular occlusal splint fully seated on the plaster model.</p