Cd²⁺ reduces human sperm total motility and progressive motility.

<p>Human sperms were treated with a series (0 μg/ml, 2.5 μg/ml, 5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml) of Cd²⁺ concentrations for 6 h, 16 h, 20 h and 24 h, and the total motility (A) and progressive motility (B) of sperm were evaluated. Data represent the mean ± SEM, n = 5.</p

Effects of cadmium on mouse sperm fertilization capability in the IVF procedure and on subsequent embryonic development.

<p>Effects of cadmium on mouse sperm fertilization capability in the IVF procedure and on subsequent embryonic development.</p

Effects of cadmium on the development of naturally fertilized mouse zygotes.

<p>Effects of cadmium on the development of naturally fertilized mouse zygotes.</p

Cd²⁺ reduces mouse sperm total motility and progressive motility.

<p>Mouse sperm were treated with different concentrations (0 μg/ml, 2.5 μg/ml, 5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml) of Cd²⁺ for 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h, and the total motility (A) and progressive motility (B) of sperm were assessed. Data represent the mean ± SEM, n = 5.</p

MOESM1 of Comparative analysis of human sperm glycocalyx from different freezability ejaculates by lectin microarray and identification of ABA as sperm freezability biomarker

Additional file 1. The characteristics of the sixty samples with different recovery rates

The effects of chemicals upon the development of 2-cell embryos.

a<p>Based on total 2-cell embryos.Haibin Wang.</p

The SCD results of toxicants exposure upon sperm DNA integrity.

<p>The SCD results of toxicants exposure upon sperm DNA integrity.</p

Partial embryos derived from IVF process with control or 5 mM IMI treated spermatozoa.

<p>2-cell embryos derived from A) control and A’) IMI-treated spermatozoa, blastocytes derived from B) control and B’) IMI-treated spermatozoa. Scale bar = 50 µm.</p

The effects of chemicals upon sperm fertilization capability in IVF procedure and subsequent embryonic development.

a<p>Based on total oocytes.</p>b<p>Based on total pronuclear embryos.</p>*<p>^{, #, $}<i>P</i><0.05, comparisons were made between control group and each treated group, nicotine group and two insecticide groups, and two insecticide groups, respectively.</p