Tone 3 sandhi effect.

<p>Note: Thresholded at p<.001 (FDR corrected at cluster level, p<.05). BA = Brodman Area; <i>x</i>/<i>y</i>/<i>z</i> = Talairach-coordinates <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083126#pone.0083126-Talairach1" target="_blank">[81]</a>.</p

Examples of trials with mixed and repeated sequences.

<p>Left: a mixed tone sequence carried by the vowel /y/. Right: repeated sequence 3333, carried by the vowel /u/.</p

LI in regions showing significant Tone 3 sandhi effect.

<p>Error bars represent 1 standard error of mean (SEM) across Participants after subtraction of each participant's individual mean. Bars in grey and star symbols indicate LI significantly different from zero.</p

Mixed sequence effect.

<p>Note: Thresholded at p<.001 (FDR corrected at cluster level, p<.05). BA = Brodman Area; <i>x</i>/<i>y</i>/<i>z</i> = Talairach-coordinates <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083126#pone.0083126-Talairach1" target="_blank">[81]</a>.</p

hcAMPP constructs and protein expression.

<p><b>(A)</b> Wild-type and mutant hcAMPP orientation in the pET28a system employed in present study with the single point mutations at residue Y527 and R535, denoted as red and blue single-letter amino acid abbreviation, respectively. <b>(B)</b> hcAMPP wild-type, Y527F and R535A enzymes are shown in lane 1, 2 and 3, respectively, where M denoted the protein marker used in correspondence to show the molecular weight of each protein.</p

Secondary structure analyses of wild-type and mutant hcAMPPs by circular dichorism.

<p>(<b>A</b>) CD spectra of wild-type, Y527F and R535A hcAMPPs are denoted by black, red and green circles, respectively. <b>(B)</b> CD spectra of wild-type (black line) and R535A (green line) hcAMPPs measured in the presence and absence of 10 mM guanidine hydrochloride. All spectra were measured at far-UV wavelengths ranging 250–190 nm and at a protein concentration of 0.35 mg/mL.</p

LI in regions showing significant mixed sequence effect.

<p>Error bars represent 1 SEM across participants after subtraction of each participant's individual mean. Bars in grey and star symbols indicate LI significantly different from zero.</p

The effect of guanidine on the thermal stability of wild-type and R535A hcAMPPs monitored by circular dichorism.

<p>Temperature dependence of molar ellipticity at 222 nm measured for (<b>A</b>) wild-type hcAMPP and <b>(B)</b> R535A hcAMPP with (closed circle) or without (open circle) pre-incubation with guanidine hydrochloride.</p

The F0 contours of the four Chinese lexical tones.

<p>The F0 contours of the four Chinese lexical tones.</p

Tone 3 sandhi and mixed sequence effects (Z = 16).

<p>The activations were thresholded at <i>p</i><0.001 and corrected at cluster level using FDR <i>p</i><0.05.</p