Death by a Thousand Cuts: How the Supreme Court Has Effectively Killed Campaign Finance Regulation by Its Limited Recognition of Compelling State Interests

This Article examines the current campaign finance jurisprudence in the United States, with a particular emphasis on the Court’s recognition of compelling state interests. Given the limited recognition of compelling state interests, this Article seeks to question the seemingly arbitrary rationale behind recognition and explore the implications of minimal acceptance of compelling state interests. Because the evolution of compelling state interest recognition has varied greatly, the Court’s recent insistence — that the state has merely one compelling interest — is troublesome. This Article provides a comprehensive review of the campaign finance jurisprudence, then reviews the decisions that created or argued for additional compelling state interests. Interests that were considered compelling prior to Citizens United, such as the anti-distortion interest, remain compelling and hold an important place in the US campaign finance landscape. This Article attempts to respond to the current Court’s trend and shed light on the history of compelling state interest recognition

Death by a Thousand Cuts: How the Supreme Court Has Effectively Killed Campaign Finance Regulation by Its Limited Recognition of Compelling State Interests

This Article examines the current campaign finance jurisprudence in the United States, with a particular emphasis on the Court’s recognition of compelling state interests. Given the limited recognition of compelling state interests, this Article seeks to question the seemingly arbitrary rationale behind recognition and explore the implications of minimal acceptance of compelling state interests. Because the evolution of compelling state interest recognition has varied greatly, the Court’s recent insistence — that the state has merely one compelling interest — is troublesome. This Article provides a comprehensive review of the campaign finance jurisprudence, then reviews the decisions that created or argued for additional compelling state interests. Interests that were considered compelling prior to Citizens United, such as the anti-distortion interest, remain compelling and hold an important place in the US campaign finance landscape. This Article attempts to respond to the current Court’s trend and shed light on the history of compelling state interest recognition

Soutien à l’apprentissage de la coopération en classe :: recherche ontogénique portant sur les techniques discursives de l’enseignant

Ce mémoire s’intéresse à l’apprentissage de la coopération par les habiletés coopératives. L’objectif est, d’une part, de comprendre comment l’enseignant s’y prend pour mener et soutenir l’apprentissage des habiletés coopératives. D’autre part, d’observer quelles techniques discursives l’enseignant utilise pour soutenir une discussion au sujet des habiletés coopératives. Cela entre donc dans le champ du développement des capacités transversales préconisées actuellement par le Plan d’étude romand (PER). Cette recherche se réalise dans une perspective ontogénique et cherche à analyser le soutien à l’apprentissage de la coopération dans la propre pratique d’enseignement de l’auteure. Elle se base donc sur des interventions menées en classe, enregistrées par capture audiovisuelle et audio. Celles-ci sont analysées dans un premier temps selon la méthodologie PAO (prédire, agir et observer) empruntée aux travaux de Giglio et Perret-Clermont (2012) et dans un second temps selon les techniques discursives de Mercer (1995, 2004). L’analyse des résultats a permis de montrer comment l’enseignant met en œuvre et adapte sa pratique pour enseigner les habiletés coopératives dans le contexte de la classe. Il a également été montré quelles sont les techniques discursives de Mercer utilisées par l’enseignant lors de ses interventions. Il a, de surcroît, été possible de dégager deux nouvelles techniques : l’association et la redirection

Patients with schizophrenia and their finances: how they spend their money

Introduction: Although most patients with schizophrenia rely on state financial support, little is known about their expenses and how they use the money at their discretion. However, the ability to budget is a predictive factor in rehabilitation. An assessment of financial management skills could make it possible to develop more appropriate psycho-social assistance. Method: Fifty-seven outpatients with schizophrenia treated in the public sector in Geneva, Switzerland took part in the study. Psychosocial, diagnostic, neurocognitive and symptomatological measures were collected. Data were gathered on patients' incomes and quality of life. A prospective analysis of their expenses during a 1-month period was also performed. Results: Median income was 4,125 Swiss francs per month (i.e., 3,372 US dollars). After paying fixed expenses (which were handled with or without the assistance of a representative payee), a mean of 400 Swiss francs remained at their disposal to use as they wished. Seventy-two percent of this money was devoted to the use of psychoactive substances (e.g., cigarettes, alcohol, cannabis) or various drinks in coffee houses, and 28% on leisure activities (trips, sports and other recreational activities). Eighty-four percent of patients would have liked to have more money for leisure activities. The study was well-accepted and led to modification of the treatment plan in 84% of cases. Conclusion: Most of the discretionary money patients received was used for buying substances with addictive properties; this may hinder the practice of activities favouring recovery. Thus, it appears essential to guide patients in the management of their budget

Religion and Spirituality: How Clinicians in Quebec and Geneva Cope with the Issue When Faced with Patients Suffering from Chronic Psychosis

Spirituality and religion have been found to be important in the lives of many people suffering from severe mental disorders, but it has been claimed that clinicians "neglect” their patients' religious issues. In Geneva, Switzerland and Trois-Rivières, Quebec, 221 outpatients and their 57 clinicians were selected for an assessment of religion and spirituality. A majority of the patients reported that religion was an important aspect of their lives. Many clinicians were unaware of their patients' religious involvement, even if they reported feeling comfortable with the issue. Both areas displayed strikingly similar results, which supports their generalizatio

A Measure of Dysfunctional Eating-Related Cognitions in People with Psychotic Disorders

Obesity and binge eating disorder are common in individuals with psychotic disorders. Eating and weight-related cognitions are known to influence eating behaviors. The study was designed to assess the psychometric properties of the Mizes Anorectic Cognitions Questionnaire (MAC-R) in patients with psychotic disorders. Binge eating disorder (BED), body mass index (BMI), the MAC-R and the three factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ) were assessed in 125 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Whereas the MAC-R has not acceptable psychometric properties, a brief version of the MAC-R (BMAC) has good psychometrical properties and is correlated with TFEQ and BMI. Binge eating disorder is also correlated to the Rigid Weight Regulation and Fear of Weight Gain subscale. The BMAC is a useful brief measure to assess eating and weight related cognitions in people with psychotic disorder

Meaning-centered therapy in Ukraine's war refugees. An attempt to cope with the absurd?

No abstract availabl

Evolution of spirituality and religiousness in chronic schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorders: a 3-years follow-up study

Purpose: Spirituality and religiousness have been shown to be highly prevalent in patients with schizophrenia. Religion can help instil a positive sense of self, decrease the impact of symptoms and provide social contacts. Religion may also be a source of suffering. In this context, this research explores whether religion remains stable over time. Methods: From an initial cohort of 115 out-patients, 80% completed the 3-years follow-up assessment. In order to study the evolution over time, a hierarchical cluster analysis using average linkage was performed on factorial scores at baseline and follow-up and their differences. A sensitivity analysis was secondarily performed to check if the outcome was influenced by other factors such as changes in mental states using mixed models. Results: Religion was stable over time for 63% patients; positive changes occurred for 20% (i.e., significant increase of religion as a resource or a transformation of negative religion to a positive one) and negative changes for 17% (i.e., decrease of religion as a resource or a transformation of positive religion to a negative one). Change in spirituality and/or religiousness was not associated with social or clinical status, but with reduced subjective quality of life and self-esteem; even after controlling for the influence of age, gender, quality of life and clinical factors at baseline. Conclusions: In this context of patients with chronic schizophrenia, religion appeared to be labile. Qualitative analyses showed that those changes expressed the struggles of patients and suggest that religious issues need to be discussed in clinical setting