328 research outputs found
Children's Corner
Rede,
uitgesproken ter gelegenheid van
het aanvaarden van het ambt van
bijzonder hoogleraar met als leeropdracht
Tropische Bacteriologie aan het Erasmus MC,
faculteit van de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
op 22 december 200
Comparative In Vitro Activities of Trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) against 445 Gram-Positive Isolates from Patients with Endocarditis and Those with Other Bloodstream Infections
Comparative In Vitro Activities of Trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) against 445 Gram-Positive Isolates from Patients with Endocarditis and Those with Other Bloodstream Infections
Comparison of the Clinical Features of SARS-CoV-2, Other Coronavirus and Influenza Infections in Infants Less Than 1-Year-Old
Microarray screening of Guillain-Barré syndrome sera for antibodies to glycolipid complexes
Objective: To characterize the patterns of autoantibodies to glycolipid complexes in a large cohort of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and control samples collected in Bangladesh using a newly developed microarray technique.
Methods: Twelve commonly studied glycolipids and lipids, plus their 66 possible heteromeric complexes, totaling 78 antigens, were applied to polyvinylidene fluoride–coated slides using a microarray printer. Arrays were probed with 266 GBS and 579 control sera (2 μL per serum, diluted 1/50) and bound immunoglobulin G detected with secondary antibody. Scanned arrays were subjected to statistical analyses.
Results: Measuring antibodies to single targets was 9% less sensitive than to heteromeric complex targets (49.2% vs 58.3%) without significantly affecting specificity (83.9%–85.0%). The optimal screening protocol for GBS sera comprised a panel of 10 glycolipids (4 single glycolipids GM1, GA1, GD1a, GQ1b, and their 6 heteromeric complexes), resulting in an overall assay sensitivity of 64.3% and specificity of 77.1%. Notable heteromeric targets were GM1:GD1a, GM1:GQ1b, and GA1:GD1a, in which exclusive binding to the complex was observed.
Conclusions: Rationalizing the screening protocol to capture the enormous diversity of glycolipid complexes can be achieved by miniaturizing the screening platform to a microarray platform, and applying simple bioinformatics to determine optimal sensitivity and specificity of the targets. Glycolipid complexes are an important category of glycolipid antigens in autoimmune neuropathy cases that require specific analytical and bioinformatics methods for optimal detection
Comparative in vitro activities of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) against 445 gram-positive isolates from patients with endocarditis and those with other bloodstream infections
The in vitro activity of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219), a new fluoroquinolone,
was compared with the in vitro activities of other commonly used
quinolones and other antimicrobial agents against 445 gram-positive
microorganisms isolated between 1986 and 1995 from patients with
endocarditis and those with other bloodstream infections. The MICs at
which 90% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC90) of trovafloxacin for
methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, viridans group streptococci, and
enterococci were 0.06, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/liter, respectively. The MIC90 of
trovafloxacin for vancomycin-resistant enterococci as well as for
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible
and ciprofloxacin-resistant S. aureus, isolated from sources other than
blood, was 1 mg/liter. For the quinolones the rank order of activity was
trovafloxacin > sparfloxacin > ciprofloxacin = ofloxacin > pefloxacin.
Depending on the species tested, trovafloxacin was 4- to 64-fold more
active than ciprofloxacin. Further experimental and in vivo studies are
warranted to evaluate the efficacy of trovafloxacin in the treatment of
bacterial endocarditis and other infections caused by gram-positive
organisms
<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> HS:23 and Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Bangladesh
To the Editor: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute peripheral neuropathy triggered by a preceding infectious illness. Gastroenteritis caused by Campylobacter jejuni is the most frequently reported antecedent event. In Japan, South Africa, China, and Mexico, Campylobacter strains with certain Penner heat-stable (HS) serotypes, including HS:19 and HS:41, are overrepresented among isolates from GBS case-patients, compared with isolates from enteritis case-patients. Several studies indicate that C. jejuni HS:19 and HS:41 have a clonal population structure and suggest that these serotypes might have unique virulence properties that are intricately linked to development of GBS. However, data from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands suggest that such virulence properties may not be restricted to specific HS serotypes because many other serotypes can be cultured from patients with GBS (5). We report a non-HS:19 and non-HS:41 C. jejuni serotype and sequence type (ST)–3219 that are overrepresented among isolates from GBS patients in Bangladesh. [...
<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> HS:23 and Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Bangladesh
To the Editor: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute peripheral neuropathy triggered by a preceding infectious illness. Gastroenteritis caused by Campylobacter jejuni is the most frequently reported antecedent event. In Japan, South Africa, China, and Mexico, Campylobacter strains with certain Penner heat-stable (HS) serotypes, including HS:19 and HS:41, are overrepresented among isolates from GBS case-patients, compared with isolates from enteritis case-patients. Several studies indicate that C. jejuni HS:19 and HS:41 have a clonal population structure and suggest that these serotypes might have unique virulence properties that are intricately linked to development of GBS. However, data from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands suggest that such virulence properties may not be restricted to specific HS serotypes because many other serotypes can be cultured from patients with GBS (5). We report a non-HS:19 and non-HS:41 C. jejuni serotype and sequence type (ST)–3219 that are overrepresented among isolates from GBS patients in Bangladesh. [...
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