Attachment styles and empathy in trainee nurses: the mediating and moderating roles of attitudes toward death

AimA growing body of evidence has shown that attachment styles and death attitudes have a significant impact on empathy. This study aimed to explore the precise role of death attitudes in the relationship between attachment styles and empathy levels among trainee nurses.MethodsA total of 626 Chinese trainee nurses with different attachment types were enrolled, and their attachment styles, death attitudes, and empathy levels were assessed using the Revised Adult Attachment Scale, the Death Attitude Profile-Revised, and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Healthy Professionals, and finally, data from 566 participants were included for statistical analysis.ResultsWe found that among trainee nurses with secure attachment type, fear of death, approach acceptance, escape acceptance, and neutral acceptance (−) mediated the relationships between attachment-related avoidance/anxiety and their overall empathy levels and all its dimensions; in the preoccupied type, only neutral acceptance (−) mediated the relationships between attachment-related avoidance and their overall empathy levels and compassionate care; and in the fearful type, only fear of death mediated the relationship between attachment-related avoidance and compassionate care. Furthermore, in the secure type, neutral acceptance attenuated the negative predictions of attachment-related avoidance on overall empathy level and perspective taking.ConclusionAttitudes toward death played different mediating and moderating roles in the relationship between attachment styles and empathy among trainee nurses with different attachment types. In addition to acculturated empathy-specific training, targeted education related to death for trainee nurses with different attachment types is needed to prevent their compassion fatigue

Selection of core SSR markers for fingerprinting upland cotton cultivars and hybrids

Abstract Precise identification of cotton cultivars and hybrids is requisite to facilitate management of germplasm resources and successful hybridization programs. Fingerprinting based on minimal core set of highly informative primers will be more enlightening to unveil genetic constitution among cotton cultivars and hybrids from distinct growing regions of china. Thirty-eight upland cotton cultivars and 55 hybrids were selected from three cotton growing regions of china mainland i.e. yellow river cotton valley (YRCV), Yangtze river cotton valley (YzRCV) and north west dry region (NWDR); featured with perceptible climatology. Twelve randomly selected cultivar and hybrids (representative sample of the three regions) were employed to reveal polymorphism across mapped SSRs. Sixtysix genome-covered polymorphic SSRs were employed to assess genetic relatedness among all accessions. The results showed a polymorphism information content range from 0.34-0.86 and resolving power 0.04-2.45 for genome-covered SSRs. Higher PIC and Rp values rendered selection of 13 highly informative potential core SSRs, whose average PIC and Rp values were 0.80 and 1.64, respectively. Moreover, Jaccard's similarity coefficients of genome-covered and potential core SSRs were compared and found to be related. Potential core SSRs substantiated clustering results of genome-covered SSRs and successfully discriminated all accession. Overall clustering pattern and revealed genetic constitution of tested material suggested that the 13 potential core SSRs could assure comparable results with higher resolution as compared to that of genome-covered SSRs

Additional file 4: Table S4. of Genomic heterozygosity and hybrid breakdown in cotton (Gossypium): different traits, different effects

The QTL for studied traits searched from the cotton QTL Database. (XLS 25 kb

Additional file 3: Table S3. of Genomic heterozygosity and hybrid breakdown in cotton (Gossypium): different traits, different effects

MHIs in (E3) F2 population. (XLS 14 kb

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Genomic heterozygosity and hybrid breakdown in cotton (Gossypium): different traits, different effects

MHIs in (3E) F2 population. (XLS 26 kb

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Dynamic Analysis of Galls Induced by the Gall Mite <i>Aceria pallida</i> on <i>Lycium barbarum</i> Reveals the Molecular Mechanism Underlying Gall Formation and Development

Galls have become the best model for exploring plant–gall inducer relationships, with most studies focusing on gall-inducing insects but few on gall mites. The gall mite Aceria pallida is a major pest of wolfberry, usually inducing galls on its leaves. For a better understanding of gall mite growth and development, the dynamics of the morphological and molecular characteristics and phytohormones of galls induced by A. pallida were studied by histological observation, transcriptomics and metabolomics. The galls developed from cell elongation of the epidermis and cell hyperplasia of mesophylls. The galls grew quickly, within 9 days, and the mite population increased rapidly within 18 days. The genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis and phytohormone synthesis were significantly downregulated in galled tissues, but the genes associated with mitochondrial energy metabolism, transmembrane transport, carbohydrates and amino acid synthesis were distinctly upregulated. The levels of carbohydrates, amino acids and their derivatives, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (CKs), were markedly enhanced in galled tissues. Interestingly, much higher contents of IAA and CKs were detected in gall mites than in plant tissues. These results suggest that galls act as nutrient sinks and favor increased accumulation of nutrients for mites, and that gall mites may contribute IAA and CKs during gall formation

QTL Mapping for Fiber and Yield Traits in Upland Cotton under Multiple Environments.

A population of 178 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed using a single seed descendant from a cross between G. hirsutum. acc DH962 and G. hirsutum. cv Jimian5, was used to construct a genetic map and to map QTL for fiber and yield traits. A total of 644 polymorphic loci were used to construct a final genetic map, containing 616 loci and spanning 2016.44 cM, with an average of 3.27 cM between adjacent markers. Statistical analysis revealed that segregation distortion in the intraspecific population was more serious than that in the interspecific population. The RIL population and the two parents were phenotyped under 8 environments (two locations, six years), revealing a total of 134 QTL, including 64 for fiber qualities and 70 for yield components, independently detected in seven environments, explaining 4.40-15.28% of phenotypic variation (PV). Among the 134 QTL, 9 common QTL were detected in more than one environment, and 22 QTL and 19 new QTL were detected in combined analysis (E9). A total of 26 QTL hotspot regions were observed on 13 chromosomes and 2 larger linkage groups, and some QTL clusters related to fiber qualities or yield components were also observed. The results obtained in the present study suggested that to map accurate QTL in crops with larger plant types, such as cotton, phenotyping under multiple environments is necessary to effectively apply the obtained results in molecular marker-assisted selection breeding and QTL cloning