77,221 research outputs found
Fluctuations and correlations in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
We investigate the effects of correlations on the properties of the ground
state of the rotating harmonically-trapped Bose gas by adding Bogoliubov
fluctuations to the mean-field ground state of an -particle single-vortex
system. We demonstrate that the fluctuation-induced correlations lower the
energy compared to that of the mean-field ground state, that the vortex core is
pushed slightly away from the center of the trap, and that an unstable mode
with negative energy (for rotations slower than a critical frequency) emerges
in the energy spectrum, thus, pointing to a better state for slow rotation. We
construct mean-field ground states of 0-, 1-, and 2-vortex states as a function
of rotation rate and determine the critical frequencies for transitions between
these states, as well as the critical frequency for appearance of a metastable
state with an off-center vortex and its image vortex in the evanescent tail of
the cloud.Comment: Added a paragraph to Section III; Revised arguments in Section III.A,
results unchanged; Added reference
Strong spin-orbit coupling and magnetism in (111) (LaSr)(AlTa/SrTiO
Strong correlations, multiple lattice degrees of freedom, and the ease of
doping make complex oxides a source of great research interest. Complex oxide
heterointerfaces break inversion symmetry and can host a two dimensional
carrier gas, which can display a variety of coexisting and competing phenomena.
In the case of heterointerfaces based on SrTiO, many of these phenomena can
be effectively tuned by using an electric gate, due to the large dielectric
constant of SrTiO. Most studies so far have focused on (001) oriented
heterostructures; however, (111) oriented heterostructures have recently gained
attention due to the possibility of finding exotic physics in these systems due
their hexagonal surface crystal symmetry. In this work, we use
magnetoresistance to study the evolution of spin-orbit interaction and
magnetism in a new system, (111) oriented
(LaSr)(AlTa)/SrTiO. At more positive
values of the gate voltage, which correspond to high carrier densities, we find
that transport is multiband, and dominated by high mobility carriers with a
tendency towards weak localization. At more negative gate voltages, the carrier
density is reduced, the high mobility bands are depopulated, and weak
antilocalization effects begin to dominate, indicating that spin-orbit
interaction becomes stronger. At millikelvin temperatures, and gate voltages
corresponding to the strong spin-orbit regime, we observe hysteresis in
magnetoresistance, indicative of ferromagnetism in the system. Our results
suggest that in the (111)
(LaSr)(AlTa)/SrTiO system, low mobility
carriers which experience strong spin-orbit interactions participate in
creating magnetic order in the system.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure
Quantum signatures of self-trapping transition in attractive lattice bosons
We consider the Bose-Hubbard model describing attractive bosonic particles
hopping across the sites of a translation-invariant lattice, and compare the
relevant ground-state properties with those of the corresponding
symmetry-breaking semiclassical nonlinear theory. The introduction of a
suitable measure allows us to highlight many correspondences between the
nonlinear theory and the inherently linear quantum theory, characterized by the
well-known self-trapping phenomenon. In particular we demonstrate that the
localization properties and bifurcation pattern of the semiclassical
ground-state can be clearly recognized at the quantum level. Our analysis
highlights a finite-number effect.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure
Noninteracting Fermions in infinite dimensions
Usually, we study the statistical behaviours of noninteracting Fermions in
finite (mainly two and three) dimensions. For a fixed number of fermions, the
average energy per fermion is calculated in two and in three dimensions and it
becomes equal to 50 and 60 per cent of the fermi energy respectively. However,
in the higher dimensions this percentage increases as the dimensionality
increases and in infinite dimensions it becomes 100 per cent. This is an
intersting result, at least pedagogically. Which implies all fermions are
moving with Fermi momentum. This result is not yet discussed in standard text
books of quantum statistics. In this paper, this fact is discussed and
explained. I hope, this article will be helpful for graduate students to study
the behaviours of free fermions in generalised dimensionality.Comment: To appear in European Journal of Physics (2010
Electrostatic tuning of magnetism at the conducting (111) (LaSr)(AlTa)/SrTiO interface
We present measurements of the low temperature electrical transport
properties of the two dimensional carrier gas that forms at the interface of
(LaSr)(AlTa)/SrTiO (LSAT/STO) as
a function of applied back gate voltage, . As is found in (111)
LaAlO/SrTiO interfaces, the low-field Hall coefficient is
electron-like, but shows a sharp reduction in magnitude below 20 V,
indicating the presence of hole-like carriers in the system. This same value of
correlates approximately with the gate voltage below which the
magnetoresistance evolves from nonhysteretic to hysteretic behavior at
millikelvin temperatures, signaling the onset of magnetic order in the system.
We believe our results can provide insight into the mechanism of magnetism in
SrTiO based systems.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Spontaneous current generation in the gapless 2SC phase
It is found that, except chromomagnetic instability, the gapless 2SC phase
also exhibits a paramagnetic response to the perturbation of an external color
neutral baryon current. The spontaneously generated baryon current driven by
the mismatch is equivalent to the one-plane wave LOFF state. We describe the
2SC phase in the nonlinear realization framework, and show that each
instability indicates the spontaneous generation of the corresponding pseudo
Nambu-Golstone current. We show this Nambu-Goldstone currents generation state
covers the gluon phase as well as the one-plane wave LOFF state. We further
point out that, when charge neutrality condition is required, there exists a
narrow unstable LOFF (Us-LOFF) window, where not only off-diagonal gluons but
the diagonal 8-th gluon cannot avoid the magnetic instability. We discuss that
the diagonal magnetic instability in this Us-LOFF window cannot be cured by
off-diagonal gluon condensate in color superconducting phase, and it will also
show up in some constrained Abelian asymmetric superfluid/superconducting
system.Comment: 8 pages, no figure, final version to appear in PR
Magnetoresistance in the superconducting state at the (111) LaAlO/SrTiO interface
Condensed matter systems that simultaneously exhibit superconductivity and
ferromagnetism are rare due the antagonistic relationship between conventional
spin-singlet superconductivity and ferromagnetic order. In materials in which
superconductivity and magnetic order is known to coexist (such as some
heavy-fermion materials), the superconductivity is thought to be of an
unconventional nature. Recently, the conducting gas that lives at the interface
between the perovskite band insulators LaAlO (LAO) and SrTiO (STO) has
also been shown to host both superconductivity and magnetism. Most previous
research has focused on LAO/STO samples in which the interface is in the (001)
crystal plane. Relatively little work has focused on the (111) crystal
orientation, which has hexagonal symmetry at the interface, and has been
predicted to have potentially interesting topological properties, including
unconventional superconducting pairing states. Here we report measurements of
the magnetoresistance of (111) LAO/STO heterostructures at temperatures at
which they are also superconducting. As with the (001) structures, the
magnetoresistance is hysteretic, indicating the coexistence of magnetism and
superconductivity, but in addition, we find that this magnetoresistance is
anisotropic. Such an anisotropic response is completely unexpected in the
superconducting state, and suggests that (111) LAO/STO heterostructures may
support unconventional superconductivity.Comment: 6 Pages 4 figure
Anisotropic, multi-carrier transport at the (111) LaAlO/SrTiO interface
The conducting gas that forms at the interface between LaAlO and
SrTiO has proven to be a fertile playground for a wide variety of physical
phenomena. The bulk of previous research has focused on the (001) and (110)
crystal orientations. Here we report detailed measurements of the
low-temperature electrical properties of (111) LAO/STO interface samples. We
find that the low-temperature electrical transport properties are highly
anisotropic, in that they differ significantly along two mutually orthogonal
crystal orientations at the interface. While anisotropy in the resistivity has
been reported in some (001) samples and in (110) samples, the anisotropy in the
(111) samples reported here is much stronger, and also manifests itself in the
Hall coefficient as well as the capacitance. In addition, the anisotropy is not
present at room temperature and at liquid nitrogen temperatures, but only at
liquid helium temperatures and below. The anisotropy is accentuated by exposure
to ultraviolet light, which disproportionately affects transport along one
surface crystal direction. Furthermore, analysis of the low-temperature Hall
coefficient and the capacitance as a function of back gate voltage indicates
that in addition to electrons, holes contribute to the electrical transport.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure
Superconductivity and Frozen Electronic States at the (111) LaAlO/SrTiO Interface
In spite of Anderson's theorem, disorder is known to affect superconductivity
in conventional s-wave superconductors. In most superconductors, the degree of
disorder is fixed during sample preparation. Here we report measurements of the
superconducting properties of the two-dimensional gas that forms at the
interface between LaAlO (LAO) and SrTiO (STO) in the (111) crystal
orientation, a system that permits \emph{in situ} tuning of carrier density and
disorder by means of a back gate voltage . Like the (001) oriented LAO/STO
interface, superconductivity at the (111) LAO/STO interface can be tuned by
. In contrast to the (001) interface, superconductivity in these (111)
samples is anisotropic, being different along different interface crystal
directions, consistent with the strong anisotropy already observed other
transport properties at the (111) LAO/STO interface. In addition, we find that
the (111) interface samples "remember" the backgate voltage at which they
are cooled at temperatures near the superconducting transition temperature
, even if is subsequently changed at lower temperatures. The low
energy scale and other characteristics of this memory effect ( K)
distinguish it from charge-trapping effects previously observed in (001)
interface samples.Comment: 6 pages, 5 Figure
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