Open-closed field algebras

We introduce the notions of open-closed field algebra and open-closed field algebra over a vertex operator algebra V. In the case that V satisfies certain finiteness and reductivity conditions, we show that an open-closed field algebra over V canonically gives an algebra over a \C-extension of the Swiss-cheese partial operad. We also give a tensor categorical formulation and categorical constructions of open-closed field algebras over V.Comment: 55 pages, largely revised, an old subsection is deleted, a few references are adde

Microstructure and mechanical properties of an Mg-3Zn- o.5Zr-5HA nanocomposite processed by ECAE

Mg matrix composites reinforced by natural bone constituent hydroxyapatite (HA) particles have shown promising in-vitro corrosion resistance but are inconsistent in both electrochemical and mechanical performances because of severe particle segregations. The present work was carried out to investigate the feasibility of a novel technology that combines high shear solidification and equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) for fabricating Mg-HA nanocomposites. Experiments showed that the high shear solidification resulted in a fine and uniform grain structure with a globally uniform HA nanoparticles in fine clusters and the ECAE processing of the as-cast composites resulted in further grain refinement and more importantly the breakdown of nanoparticle aggregates, leading to the formation of a dispersion of true nanoparticles in the Mg alloy matrix with improved mechanical properties. This paper describes mainly the microstructural features and mechanical performance of Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-xHA (x 1, 3, 5, 10) nanocomposites, in which the HA was in spherical shape with an average diameter of ∼20nm © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Light-Driven Hydrogen Production from Aqueous Solutions Based on a New Dubois-Type Nickel Catalyst

In this work, we report a new photocatalytic system that links multifunctional semiconductor nanocrystals with emerging water-soluble molecular catalysts made of earth-abundant elements for H2 generation [Ni(P2RN2R′)2(BF4)2]4−, R = Ph, R′ = [PhSO3]− (NiS). This noble metal free hybrid exhibits remarkable catalytic activity with a turnover number of 511 for H2 production and a photon-to-H2 conversion efficiency of 12.5%. The mechanistic insight into such high efficiency in this photocatalytic system was examined using a combination of steady-state emission and time-resolved absorption spectroscopy

Self-calibrating threshold detector

A self calibrating threshold detector comprises a single demodulating channel which includes a mixer having one input receiving the incoming signal and another input receiving a local replica code. During a short time interval, an incorrect local code is applied to the mixer to incorrectly demodulate the incoming signal and to provide a reference level that calibrates the noise propagating through the channel. A sample and hold circuit is coupled to the channel for storing a sample of the reference level. During a relatively long time interval, the correct replica code provides an output level which ranges between the reference level and a maximum level that represents incoming signal presence and synchronism with the replica code. A summer substracts the stored sample reference from the output level to provide a resultant difference signal indicative of the acquisition of the expected signal