31 research outputs found
On the Universality of Mesoscience: Science of 'the in-between'
The universality of mesoscales, ranging between elemental particles and the
universe, is discussed here by reviewing widely disparate fields and presenting
four cases, at differing hierarchical levels, from chemistry, chemical
engineering, meteorology, through to astronomy. An underpinning concept,
"Compromise in competition", is highlighted between various dominant, but
competing mechanisms, and is identified here to be the universal origin of
complexity and diversity in such examples. We therefore advance this as a key
underlying principle of an emerging science -- Mesoscience.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Anomalous electrical transport and magnetic skyrmions in Mn-tuned Co9Zn9Mn2 single crystals
\b{eta}-Mn-type CoxZnyMnz (x + y + z = 20) alloys have recently attracted
increasing attention as a new class of chiral magnets with skyrmions at and
above room temperature. However, experimental studies on the transport
properties of this material are scarce. In this work, we report the successful
growth of the \b{eta}-Mn-type Co9.24Zn9.25Mn1.51 and Co9.02Zn9.18Mn1.80 single
crystals and a systematic study on their magnetic and transport properties. The
skyrmion phase was found in a small temperature range just below the Curie
temperature. The isothermal ac susceptibility and dc magnetization as a
function of magnetic field confirm the existence of the skyrmion phase. A
negative linear magnetoresistance over a wide temperature range from 2 K to 380
K is observed and attributed to the suppression of the magnetic ordering
fluctuation under high fields. Both the magnetization and electrical
resistivity are almost isotropic. The quantitative analysis of the Hall
resistance suggests that the anomalous Hall effect of Co9.24Zn9.25Mn1.51 and
Co9.02Zn9.18Mn1.80 single crystals is dominated by the intrinsic mechanism. Our
findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the properties of CoxZnyMnz (x
+ y + z = 20) alloys material and advance their application in spintronic
devices.Comment: 7 figure
On the universality of mesoscience: Science of 'the in-between'
The universality of mesoscales, ranging between elemental particles and the universe, is
discussed here by reviewing widely disparate fields and presenting four cases, at differing
hierarchical levels, from chemistry, chemical engineering, meteorology, through to
astronomy. An underpinning concept, “Compromise in competition”, is highlighted between
various dominant, but competing mechanisms, and is identified here to be the universal
origin of complexity and diversity in such examples. We therefore advance this as a key
underlying principle of an emerging science — Mesoscience.
One Sentence Summary: Compromise in, and between, competing mechanisms is identified as
the universal origin of complexity and diversity, and forms the core of Mesoscience
Paradigm shift in science with tackling global challenges
In recent years,the paradigm shift in science has become a hot topic in the global scientific community.Scientific problems unsolved with existing knowledge or through traditional approaches can be found in all disciplines.On the other hand,more effective ways to meet global challenges,such as climate change,major diseases,natural disasters,and governance of social and economic systems,are still to be explored.Unfortunately it remains paralleled discussion on these two aspects,with the former involving a more generic view of the science developm ent trend-the paradigm shift,while the latter concerning specific real-world problems to be solved
Towards mesoscience: the principle of compromise in competition
This brief is devoted to providing a complete outline of meso-science by briefing the relevant contents from the published book and by updating evidences and concepts of meso-science. The importance of meso-science in solving various problems in energy, resource, and the environment is introduced. The whole evolutionary development of the EMMS principle is reviewed to show how a simple idea on the customized modeling of particle clustering in gas-solid systems was developed, verified, extended, and finally generalized into the common principle of compromise in competition between dominant mechanisms for all mesoscale phenomena in science and engineering, leading to the proposition of meso-science. More importantly, updates on the concept of meso-science and perspectives are presented, along with new insights and findings from after the publication of the original book. In this way, we hope to help readers more easily familiarize themselves with meso-science, and to trigger interest and attention to this interdisciplinary field.  Application areas include: multiphase flow and fluid dynamics chemical, biochemical and process engineering mineral processing and metallurgical engineering energy and resources material science and engineering Jinghai Li is vice president of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), professor at Institute of Process Engineering of CAS. Wenlai Huang is associate professor at Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Paradigm shift in science with tackling global challenges
In recent years,the paradigm shift in science has become a hot topic in the global scientific community.Scientific problems unsolved with existing knowledge or through traditional approaches can be found in all disciplines.On the other hand,more effective ways to meet global challenges,such as climate change,major diseases,natural disasters,and governance of social and economic systems,are still to be explored.Unfortunately it remains paralleled discussion on these two aspects,with the former involving a more generic view of the science developm ent trend-the paradigm shift,while the latter concerning specific real-world problems to be solved
From Multiscale to Mesoscience: Addressing Mesoscales in Mesoregimes of Different Levels
This review covers three decades of research on mesoscale phenomena in chemical engineering, from the energy minimization multiscale (EMMS) model specific for gas-solid fluidization to a general principle of compromise in competition between dominant mechanisms, leading to the proposed concept of mesoscience. First, the concept of mesoscales is reviewed with respect to their commonality, diversity, and misunderstanding in different fields. Then, the evolution from the EMMS model to the EMMS principle common to all mesoscales is described to show the rationale of mesoscience referring to both mesoscales and mesoregimes. Finally, the potential universality of mesoscience and its importance, particularly to enable virtual process engineering (VPE) by realizing the consistency of logic and structure between the problem, the model, the software, and the computer, are discussed. The review concludes by illustrating possible case studies to collect more evidence and a potential framework for mesoscience
Towards MesoscienceThe Principle of Compromise in Competition /
XII, 78 p. 23 illus., 20 illus. in color.online r