Influenced node discovery in a temporal contact network based on common nodes

Verification is the only way to make sure if a node is influenced or not because of the uncertainty of information diffusion in the temporal contact network. In the previous methods, only $N$ influenced nodes could be found for a given number of verifications $N$. The target of discovering influenced nodes is to find more influenced nodes with the limited number of verifications. To tackle this difficult task, the common nodes on the temporal diffusion paths is proposed in this paper. We prove that if a node $v$ is confirmed as the influenced node and there exist common nodes on the temporal diffusion paths from the initial node to the node $v$, these common nodes can be regarded as the influenced nodes without verification. It means that it is possible to find more than $N$ influenced nodes given $N$ verifications. The common nodes idea is applied to search influenced nodes in the temporal contact network, and three algorithms are designed based on the idea in this paper. The experiments show that our algorithms can find more influenced nodes in the existence of common nodes

The noise control of minicar body in white based on acoustic panel participation method

It is very important to predict the acoustic radiation of vehicle body for the control of interior noise. Firstly, the kinetic equations of coupled acoustic-structural finite element method are explained and the numerical analytical methods of noise transfer function and acoustic panel participation are further obtained. Then the coupled acoustic-structural finite element model of body in white and passenger compartment cavity of a minicar is established and verified by modal test. The passive side of engine mounting points are chosen as the excitation points, and driver’s right ear is the output point of sound pressure response. The noise transfer function is calculated and the critical frequency of vehicle interior noise is obtained. The acoustic panel participation analysis of vehicle roof and floor are conducted, and the key acoustic panels are identified. In order to reduce the noise of critical frequency, the measures, pasting damping material and welding beam, are adopted. The results indicate that, compared with the results of structure improvement of modal method, the vehicle interior noise is controlled more effectively by using the acoustic panel participation analytical method

The noise control of minicar body in white based on acoustic panel participation method

It is very important to predict the acoustic radiation of vehicle body for the control of interior noise. Firstly, the kinetic equations of coupled acoustic-structural finite element method are explained and the numerical analytical methods of noise transfer function and acoustic panel participation are further obtained. Then the coupled acoustic-structural finite element model of body in white and passenger compartment cavity of a minicar is established and verified by modal test. The passive side of engine mounting points are chosen as the excitation points, and driver’s right ear is the output point of sound pressure response. The noise transfer function is calculated and the critical frequency of vehicle interior noise is obtained. The acoustic panel participation analysis of vehicle roof and floor are conducted, and the key acoustic panels are identified. In order to reduce the noise of critical frequency, the measures, pasting damping material and welding beam, are adopted. The results indicate that, compared with the results of structure improvement of modal method, the vehicle interior noise is controlled more effectively by using the acoustic panel participation analytical method

The noise control of minicar body in white based on acoustic panel participation method

It is very important to predict the acoustic radiation of vehicle body for the control of interior noise. Firstly, the kinetic equations of coupled acoustic-structural finite element method are explained and the numerical analytical methods of noise transfer function and acoustic panel participation are further obtained. Then the coupled acoustic-structural finite element model of body in white and passenger compartment cavity of a minicar is established and verified by modal test. The passive side of engine mounting points are chosen as the excitation points, and driver’s right ear is the output point of sound pressure response. The noise transfer function is calculated and the critical frequency of vehicle interior noise is obtained. The acoustic panel participation analysis of vehicle roof and floor are conducted, and the key acoustic panels are identified. In order to reduce the noise of critical frequency, the measures, pasting damping material and welding beam, are adopted. The results indicate that, compared with the results of structure improvement of modal method, the vehicle interior noise is controlled more effectively by using the acoustic panel participation analytical method

Advances in the roles of glycyrrhizic acid in cancer therapy

Since the first 70 years of reporting cancer chemotherapy, malignant tumors have been the second most common cause of death in children and adults. Currently, the commonly used anti-cancer methods include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Although these treatment methods could alleviate cancer, they lead to different forms of side effects and have no particularly significant effect on prolonging the patients’ life span. Glycyrrhizic acid (GL), a native Chinese herbal extract, has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune regulation. In this review, the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of GL are summarized in various cancers. The inhibition of GL on chemotherapy-induced side effects, including hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity, is highlighted. Therefore, GL may be a promising and ideal drug for cancer therapy

Rethinking Memory and Communication Cost for Efficient Large Language Model Training

Recently, various distributed strategies for large language model training have been proposed. However, these methods provided limited solutions for the trade-off between memory consumption and communication cost. In this paper, we rethink the impact of memory consumption and communication costs on the training speed of large language models, and propose a memory-communication balanced strategy set Partial Redundancy Optimizer (PaRO). PaRO provides comprehensive options which reduces the amount and frequency of inter-group communication with minor memory redundancy by fine-grained sharding strategy, thereby improving the training efficiency in various training scenarios. Additionally, we propose a Hierarchical Overlapping Ring (HO-Ring) communication topology to enhance communication efficiency between nodes or across switches in large language model training. Our experiments demonstrate that PaRO significantly improves training throughput by 1.19x-2.50x compared to the SOTA method and achieves a near-linear scalability. The HO-Ring algorithm improves communication efficiency by 36.5% compared to the traditional Ring algorithm

Association of clinical outcomes and the predictive value of T lymphocyte subsets within colorectal cancer patients

IntroductionTumor immunity is a hot topic in tumor research today, and human immunity is closely related to tumor progression. T lymphocyte is an important component of human immune system, and the changes in their subsets may influence the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) to some extent. This clinical study systematically describes and analyzes the association of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte content and CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte ratio with CRC differentiation, clinical pathological stage, Ki67 expression, T-stage, N-stage, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) content, nerve and vascular infiltration, and other clinical features, as well as preoperative and postoperative trends. Furthermore, a predictive model is constructed to evaluate the predictive value of T-lymphocyte subsets for CRC clinical features.MethodsStrict inclusion and exclusion criterion were formulated to screen patients, preoperative and postoperative flow cytometry and postoperative pathology reports from standard laparoscopic surgery were assessed. PASS and SPSS software, R packages were invoked to calculate and analyze.ResultsWe found that a high CD4+ T-lymphocyte content in peripheral blood and a high CD4+/CD8+ ratio were associated with better tumor differentiation, an earlier clinical pathological stage, lower Ki67 expression, shallower tumor infiltration, a smaller number of lymph node metastases, a lower CEA content, and a lower likelihood of nerve or vascular infiltration (P < 0.05). However, a high CD8+ T-lymphocyte content indicated an unpromising clinical profile. After effective surgical treatment, the CD4+ T-lymphocyte content and CD4+/CD8+ ratio increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the CD8+ T-lymphocyte content decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Further, we comprehensively compared the merits of CD4+ T-lymphocyte content, CD8+ T-lymphocyte content, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in predicting the clinical features of CRC. We then combined the CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte content to build models and predict major clinical characteristics. We compared these models with the CD4+/CD8+ ratio to explore their advantages and disadvantages in predicting the clinical features of CRC.DiscussionOur results provide a theoretical basis for the future screening of effective markers in reflecting and predicting the progression of CRC. Changes in T lymphocyte subsets affect the progression of CRC to a certain extent, while their changes also reflect variations in the human immune system

One Case of Autopsy Pathological Analysis of Acute Pancreatitis Combined with Hemorrhage in Pericardial Cavity

Senile male, physically ft at usual, he died suddenly without any clinical symptoms. By autopsy dissection, it was found that large amount of bleeding was presented in pericardial cavity, the abdominal cavity and thoracic cavity had a small amount of hemorrhage, partial pancrea tissue had coagulation necrosis accompanied with infltration of neutrophile granulocyte and degeneration and necrosis of liver cell accompanied with acute or chronic inflammation cell infltration. Laboratory examination of the patient when he was alive suggested that liver function and coagulation function had obstacles, there was not any timely clinical process, and he died suddenly. Autopsy examination results suggested that acute pancreatitis caused a large quantity of bleeding in pericardial cavity, which led to cardiac tamponade and it cause acute circulation failure, which initiated cardiac arrest and then death. Coronary heart disease may exert certain facilitation effect in the death process. Patients with pancreatitis, especially the senile and pancreatitis patients with coronary artery disease, should be evaluated and prevented ahead of schedule, for those patients who had coma suddenly, it should be thought that it had possibility of combining with hemorrhage in the interior of pericardial cavity, the patient's doctor should try his or her best to reduce death rate

Structural and mechanistic insights into the biosynthesis of CDP-archaeol in membranes

The divergence of archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes was a fundamental step in evolution. One marker of this event is a major difference in membrane lipid chemistry between these kingdoms. Whereas the membranes of bacteria and eukaryotes primarily consist of straight fatty acids ester-bonded to glycerol-3-phosphate, archaeal phospholipids consist of isoprenoid chains ether-bonded to glycerol-1-phosphate. Notably, the mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of these lipids remain elusive. Here, we report the structure of the CDP-archaeol synthase (CarS) of Aeropyrum pernix (ApCarS) in the CTP- and Mg(2+)-bound state at a resolution of 2.4 Å. The enzyme comprises a transmembrane domain with five helices and cytoplasmic loops that together form a large charged cavity providing a binding site for CTP. Identification of the binding location of CTP and Mg(2+) enabled modeling of the specific lipophilic substrate-binding site, which was supported by site-directed mutagenesis, substrate-binding affinity analyses, and enzyme assays. We propose that archaeol binds within two hydrophobic membrane-embedded grooves formed by the flexible transmembrane helix 5 (TM5), together with TM1 and TM4. Collectively, structural comparisons and analyses, combined with functional studies, not only elucidated the mechanism governing the biosynthesis of phospholipids with ether-bonded isoprenoid chains by CTP transferase, but also provided insights into the evolution of this enzyme superfamily from archaea to bacteria and eukaryotes.Cell Research advance online publication 29 September 2017; doi:10.1038/cr.2017.122