Chemical constituents from Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei prevent liver damage

Antihepatotoxic chemical constituents from the roots of Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W.T. Wang was investigated- Chromatography was used to isolate chemical constituents and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Antihepatotoxic activity of these compounds in rats was carried out after the establishment of CCl4 induced liver injury. Phytochemical investigation on the roots of Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W. T. Wang resulted in the isolation of eight compounds including β-sitosterol (1), β-daucosterol (2), lupeol (3), trans-resveratrol (4), piceid (5), gallic acid (6), n-butyl gallate (7) and (+)-catechin (8). Rats treated with the compounds 6-8 showed significant (p < 0.05) protection of liver as evidence from normal AST and ALT levels. LDH levels were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by the treatment with the compounds 5, 7 and 8. In addition, MDA levels were significantly (p < 0.05) increased with gallic acid (6) and (+)-catechin (8). All the chemical constituents were isolated from Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W.T. Wang for the first time. Compounds 5-8 showed significantly antihepatotoxtic activity in CCl4 -induced liver damage rats.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Chemical constituents from Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei prevent liver damage

Antihepatotoxic chemical constituents from the roots of Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W.T. Wang was investigated- Chromatography was used to isolate chemical constituents and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Antihepatotoxic activity of these compounds in rats was carried out after the establishment of CCl4 induced liver injury. Phytochemical investigation on the roots of Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W. T. Wang resulted in the isolation of eight compounds including β-sitosterol (1), β-daucosterol (2), lupeol (3), trans-resveratrol (4), piceid (5), gallic acid (6), n-butyl gallate (7) and (+)-catechin (8). Rats treated with the compounds 6-8 showed significant (p < 0.05) protection of liver as evidence from normal AST and ALT levels. LDH levels were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by the treatment with the compounds 5, 7 and 8. In addition, MDA levels were significantly (p < 0.05) increased with gallic acid (6) and (+)-catechin (8). All the chemical constituents were isolated from Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W.T. Wang for the first time. Compounds 5-8 showed significantly antihepatotoxtic activity in CCl4 -induced liver damage rats.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Chemical constituents from Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei prevent liver damage

Antihepatotoxic chemical constituents from the roots of Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W.T. Wang was investigated- Chromatography was used to isolate chemical constituents and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Antihepatotoxic activity of these compounds in rats was carried out after the establishment of CCl4 induced liver injury. Phytochemical investigation on the roots of Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W. T. Wang resulted in the isolation of eight compounds including β-sitosterol (1), β-daucosterol (2), lupeol (3), trans-resveratrol (4), piceid (5), gallic acid (6), n-butyl gallate (7) and (+)-catechin (8). Rats treated with the compounds 6-8 showed significant (p < 0.05) protection of liver as evidence from normal AST and ALT levels. LDH levels were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by the treatment with the compounds 5, 7 and 8. In addition, MDA levels were significantly (p < 0.05) increased with gallic acid (6) and (+)-catechin (8). All the chemical constituents were isolated from Ampelopsis sinica var. hancei (pl.) W.T. Wang for the first time. Compounds 5-8 showed significantly antihepatotoxtic activity in CCl4 -induced liver damage rats.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Sivelestat sodium attenuates acute lung injury by inhibiting JNK/NF-κB and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways

Sivelestat sodium (SIV), a neutrophil elastase inhibitor, is mainly used for the clinical treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or acute lung injury (ALI). However, studies investigating the effects of SIV treatment of ALI are limited. Therefore, this study investigated the potential molecular mechanism of the protective effects of SIV against ALI. Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and male Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally injected with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and treated with SIV, ML385, and anisomycin (ANI) to mimic the pathogenetic process of ALI in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and indicators of oxidative stress were assessed in vitro and in vivo. The wet/dry (W/D) ratio of lung tissues, histopathological changes, inflammatory cells levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and survival rates of rats were analyzed. The JNK/NF-κB (p65) and Nrf2/HO-1 levels in the HPMECs and lung tissues were analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Administration of SIV reduced the inflammatory factors levels, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in lung tissues. Meanwhile, SIV alleviated pathological injuries, decreased the W/D ratio, and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue. In addition, SIV also inhibited the activation of JNK/NF-κB signaling pathway, promoted nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). However, ANI or ML385 significantly reversed these changes. SIV effectively attenuated the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Its potential molecular mechanism was related to the JNK/NF-κB activation and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway inhibition. This further deepened the understanding of the protective effects of SIV against ALI

Bilateral thoracic Paravertebral block for immediate postoperative pain relief in the PACU: a prospective, observational study

Abstract Background To investigate the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of bilateral thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) for pain relief in participants after laparotomy. Methods A single shot of bilateral TPVB with 25 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine and 5 mg dexamethasone in combination for both sides at the 8th thoracic transverse level (T8) was performed on 201 participants who complained moderate to severe pain on arrival to PACU after laparotomy. The visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at rest and on cough, heart rate, blood pressure, and pulse oximetry before and after bilateral TPVB for up to 1 h were recorded. The VAS Pain scores at rest and on cough at 24 h after bilateral TPVB were also recorded. Results Bilateral TPVB was carried out successfully in all participants. The VAS pain scores at rest and on cough were 7.9 ± 1.6 and 8.7 ± 1.3 respectively pre-bilateral TPVB. The VAS pain scores at rest and on cough were significantly decreased to 1.1 ± 1.2 and 2.1 ± 1.6 respectively (P < 0.001) at 60 min after bilateral TPVB and to 2.1 ± 1.7 and 3.8 ± 1.9 at rest and on cough respectively ((P < 0.001) at 24 h after bilateral TPVB. At 10 min post-bilateral TPVB, only systolic blood pressure was reduced from 122 ± 19 mmHg to 111 ± 18 mmHg (P = 0.007) but then gradually became stable. No complications related to bilateral TPVB were observed. Conclusion Bilateral TPVB can be provided for pain relief to the participants who suffer from moderate to severe pain after upper laparotomy in the PACU. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-ONN-16009229 , Registered on 10 September 2016

High-precision and fast-response laser power stabilization system for cold atom experiments

An innovative and practical scheme of building laser power stabilization system is proposed by using external-control method. A high-speed Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is used as real-time controller, which makes the closed-loop control period of only 4.175μs and response time for stabilizing process less than 90μs. The typical noises affecting the laser power is analyzed. Experimental results show that the system has a high stability improvement with stability of output laser keeps around 2‰ whether the input laser is free running or frequency scanning, which proves the competent performance to satisfy high request of laser power stability in cold atom experiments. What’s more, the laser power stabilization system can be embedded as a functional module into the FPGA based timing sequence system in cold atom interferometry, which makes the laser power be controllable accurately by the way of time sequence

Probing the binding interaction of terbinafine with human serum albumin via multiple fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling

Human serum albumin (HSA) is the major serum protein affording the transportation of drugs. The investigation on binding interaction between a drug and HSA will be beneficial to understand its pharmacokinetic characters. Terbinafine is a potent antifungal agent in clinic. Herein we report the interaction of terbinafine with HSA and relevant mechanisms by fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling. The results show the affinity of terbinafine to HSA is potent through the formation of terbinafine-HSA complex, which also initializes the static fluorescence quenching of HSA. The binding site for terbinafine is site I in subdomain IIA of HSA. The driving forces for the complex formation include hydrogen bond, van der Waals force, hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction. And the process for the formation is exothermic and spontaneous. The formation of the complex also affects the secondary structure of HSA. Molecular docking has further confirmed the conclusion derived from experiments

Combined influence of depression and low-grade inflammation on mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients

Abstract Background The relationship between depression and systemic inflammation as risk factors for mortality is not well understood and requires further investigation. Methods Patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) between July 01, 2015 to December 31, 2019, were analyzed and followed up until December 31, 2020. According to their status of depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 5) and low-grade inflammation (hs-CRP level ≥ 3 mg/L), patients were divided into four groups (G1, without depression, nor inflammation; G2, with depression, without inflammation; G3, with inflammation, without depression; G4, with both depression and inflammation). We performed Kaplan–Meier and multivariable Cox proportional analyses of mortality for the combined influence of depression and systemic inflammation in this cohort. Results During the mean follow-up of 36.3 ± 14.8 months, 73 deaths were recorded in 358 participants. Compared with patients in group G1, patients in group G2 and G3 carried 137% {hazard ratio (HR): 2.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06—5.23, p = 0.035} and 140% (HR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.01—5.69, p = 0.048) higher risk of mortality. Patients in group G4 (with both depression and inflammation) showed the highest risks of all-cause mortality with 276% higher mortality risk (HR: 3.76, 95% CI: 1.73—8.15, p = 0.001), respectively. Conclusion The combined of depression and inflammation is associated with all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients, suggesting a need for further study of depression and low-grade inflammation in PD patients and potential relationship between them