Time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect on the noncommutative space

We study the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect on the noncommutative space. Because there is no net Aharonov-Bohm phase shift in the time-dependent case on the commutative space, therefore, a tiny deviation from zero indicates new physics. Based on the Seiberg-Witten map we obtain the gauge invariant and Lorentz covariant Aharonov-Bohm phase shift in general case on noncommutative space. We find there are two kinds of contribution: momentum-dependent and momentum-independent corrections. For the momentum-dependent correction, there is a cancellation between the magnetic and electric phase shifts, just like the case on the commutative space. However, there is a non-trivial contribution in the momentum-independent correction. This is true for both the time-independent and time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effects on the noncommutative space. However, for the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect, there is no overwhelming background which exists in the time-independent Aharonov-Bohm effect on both commutative and noncommutative space. Therefore, the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm can be sensitive to the spatial noncommutativity. \draftnote{The net correction is proportional to the product of the magnetic fluxes through the fundamental area represented by the noncommutative parameter $\theta$, and through the surface enclosed by the trajectory of charged particle.} More interestingly, there is an anti-collinear relation between the logarithms of the magnetic field $B$ and the averaged flux $\Phi/N$ (N is the number of fringes shifted). This nontrivial relation can also provide a way to test the spatial noncommutativity. For $B\Phi/N\sim 1$, our estimation on the experimental sensitivity shows that it can reach the $\rm 10GeV$ scale. This sensitivity can be enhanced by using stronger magnetic field strength, larger magnetic flux, as well as higher experimental precision on the phase shift.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure; v2, accepted version by PL

The one-dimensional polymer poly[[aqua­(2,2′-bipyridine)cadmium(II)]-μ-trans-stilbene-4,4′-dicarboxyl­ato]

In the title polymer, [Cd(C16H10O4)(C10H8N2)(H2O)]n, the CdII ion is in a strongly distorted octa­hedral geometry, being coordinated by two N atoms from a 2,2′-bipyridine ligand, three carboxylate O atoms from two symmetry-related trans-stilbene-4,4′-dicarboxyl­ate dianions and one water mol­ecule. The stilbene ligand lies on an inversion centre at the midpoint of the central C=C bond. This feature generates the polymeric structure: adjacent CdII ions are bridged by trans-stilbene-4,4′-dicarboxyl­ate dianions, giving rise to a one-dimensional structure. The coordinated water mol­ecule is involved in interchain O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Quantum super-resolution for imaging two pointlike entangled photon sources

We investigate the resolution for imaging two pointlike entangled sources by using the method of the moments and the spatial-mode demultiplexing (SPADE), where the pointlike entangled sources can be generated by injecting single-mode sources with arbitrary quantum statistics distribution into an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). We demonstrate that the separation estimation sensitivity is mainly determined by the photon distribution in each detected modes and it can be enhanced by either increasing the squeezed parameter of the OPA or eliminating the relative phase difference of the entangle sources. Furthermore, in the limiting case of infinitely small source separation, the usage of entangled sources can have better resolution than those using incoherent and coherent sources. The results here can find important applications for the quantum super-resolution imaging and quantum metrology

Characterization and mechanisms of lipid metabolism in high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemia in Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

Rodent are common animal models for hyperlipidemia. In the present study, the differences in lipid  metabolism between gerbils and rats were investigated. Feeding a high-fat diet led to a significant increase in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and high-density  lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) in gerbils, and were found in a time-dependent manner during 0 to 16 weeks’  feeding. Hepatic lipid vacuolization and even fibrosis in gerbils were greatly formed in response to the high fat diet with the characteristic of serum LDLC increase, while those remained lower changed or unchanged in  rats. Furthermore, serum lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activities in the hyperlipidemia gerbils were significantly higher than those in the normal ones, which were also in line with increased LDLC-TG  secretion rate and impaired hepatic function in gerbils in response to the high-fat diet. Therefore, gerbils were considered to be more sensitive to high fat diet, less time-consuming in forming hyperlipidemia. Similar response in increased LDLC levels to cholesterol as human and may warrant further application as a possible model for drug evaluation and lipid metabolism.Key words: Mongolian gerbil, hypercholesterolemia, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase