1,071 research outputs found
Dyson-Schwinger Equations with a Parameterized Metric
We construct and solve the Dyson-Schwinger equation (DSE) of quark propagator
with a parameterized metric, which connects the Euclidean metric with the
Minkowskian one. We show, in some models, the Minkowskian vacuum is different
from the Euclidean vacuum. The usual analytic continuation of Green function
does not make sense in these cases. While with the algorithm we proposed and
the quark-gluon vertex ansatz which preserves the Ward-Takahashi identity, the
vacuum keeps being unchanged in the evolution of the metric. In this case,
analytic continuation becomes meaningful and can be fully carried out.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. To appear in Physical Review
Phase diagram and critical endpoint for strongly-interacting quarks
We introduce a method based on the chiral susceptibility, which enables one
to draw a phase diagram in the chemical-potential/temperature plane for
strongly-interacting quarks whose interactions are described by any reasonable
gap equation, even if the diagrammatic content of the quark-gluon vertex is
unknown. We locate a critical endpoint (CEP) at (\mu^E,T^E) ~ (1.0,0.9)T_c,
where T_c is the critical temperature for chiral symmetry restoration at \mu=0;
and find that a domain of phase coexistence opens at the CEP whose area
increases as a confinement length-scale grows.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Multi-dimensional Glycan Microarrays with Glyco-macroligands
Glycan microarray has become a powerful high-throughput tool for examining binding interactions of carbohydrates with the carbohydrate binding biomolecules like proteins, enzymes, antibodies etc. It has shown great potential for biomedical research and applications, such as antibody detection and profiling, vaccine development, biomarker discovery, and drug screening. Most glycan microarrays were made with monovalent glycans immobilized directly onto the array surface via either covalent or non-covalent bond, which afford a multivalent glycans in two dimensional (2D) displaying. A variety of glyco-macroligands have been developed to mimic multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions for studying carbohydrate-protein interactions and biomedical research and applications. Recently, a number of glyco-macroligands have been explored for glycan microarray fabrication, in particular to mimick the three dimensional (3D) multivalent display of cell surface carbohydrates. This review highlights these recent developments of glyco-macroligand-based microarrays, predominantly, novel glycan microarrays with glyco-macroligands like glycodendrimers, glycopolymers, glycoliposomes, neoglycoproteins, and glyconanoparticles with the effort in controlling the density and orientation of glycans on the array surface, which facilitate both their binding specificity and affinity and thus the high performance of glycan microarrays
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