A Robust Recursive Filter for Nonlinear Systems with Correlated Noises, Packet Losses, and Multiplicative Noises

A robust filtering problem is formulated and investigated for a class of nonlinear systems with correlated noises, packet losses, and multiplicative noises. The packet losses are assumed to be independent Bernoulli random variables. The multiplicative noises are described as random variables with bounded variance. Different from the traditional robust filter based on the assumption that the process noises are uncorrelated with the measurement noises, the objective of the addressed robust filtering problem is to design a recursive filter such that, for packet losses and multiplicative noises, the state prediction and filtering covariance matrices have the optimized upper bounds in the case that there are correlated process and measurement noises. Two examples are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed filter

catena-Poly[[(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)cadmium(II)]-μ-oxalato-κ4 O 1,O 2:O 1′,O 2′]

In the title complex, [Cd(C2O4)(C12H8N2)]n, the CdII atom has a distorted octa­hedral coordination, defined by four O atoms from two symmetry-related oxalate ligands and by two N atoms from a bidentate 1,10-phenanthroline ligand. Each oxalate ligand bridges two CdII atoms, generating a zigzag chain structure propagating along [100]. The packing of the structure is consolidated by non-classical C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions

Critical quantum metrology robust against dissipation and non-adiabaticity

Critical systems near quantum phase transitions were predicted to be useful for improvement of metrological precision, thanks to their ultra-sensitive response to a tiny variation of the control Hamiltonian. Despite the promising perspective, realization of criticality-enhanced quantum metrology is an experimentally challenging task, mainly owing to the extremely long time needed to encode the signal to some physical quantity of a critical system. We here circumvent this problem by making use of the critical behaviors in the Jaynes-Cummings model, comprising a single qubit and a photonic resonator, to which the signal field is coupled. The information about the field amplitude is encoded in the qubit's excitation number in the dark state, which displays a divergent changing rate at the critical point. The most remarkable feature of this critical sensor is that the performance is insensitive to the leakage to bright eigenstates, caused by decoherence and non-adiabatic effects. We demonstrate such a metrological protocol in a superconducting circuit, where an Xmon qubit, interacting with a resonator, is used as a probe for estimating the amplitude of a microwave field coupled to the resonator. The measured quantum Fisher information exhibits a critical quantum enhancement, confirming the potential of this system for quantum metrology.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figure

Animal personality can modulate sexual conflict over offspring provisioning

Sexual conflict over parental investment is widespread among species with biparental care. Studies have indicated that a high degree of behavioural similarity between the two parents can increase offspring survival; however, it remains unclear how sexual conflict over parental care is resolved. In this study, we examined whether similarity of personality traits between the two parents plays an important role in affecting the provisioning behaviour of each sex in a wild population of the chestnut thrush, Turdus rubrocanus. First, as expected, the mating pairs with more similar personality traits had higher provisioning rates than those pairs with dissimilar traits. Moreover, we found that the similarity of personality traits can modulate the sexual conflict over provisioning in this species, as both parents with more similar partners had relatively higher and less divergent provisioning rates. A partner removal experiment revealed how the sole female or male parent responded when the level of conflict over care increased (the removed partner does not provide any care). The majority of males always reduced their provisioning investment, while females’ decisions depended on the degree of similarity with their partners. Females compensated by provisioning more frequently in pairs of similar personality traits (i.e. accepting a high level of conflict), but reduced their provisioning investment in extremely dissimilar pairs. Our results promote a better understanding of the resolution of sexual conflict over provisioning and highlight the evolutionary significance of mating with similar partners based on certain personality traits

Prevalence of Sarcoptes scabiei

Little is known about the prevalence of Sarcoptes scabiei infection in pet dogs in China. In the present study, the prevalence of S. scabiei infection in pet dogs in Guangzhou, southern China, was investigated between January and December, 2009. A total of 3,977 pet dogs admitted to animal hospitals were examined for the presence of S. scabiei using a parasitological approach. The average prevalence of S. scabiei infection in pet dogs is 1.18% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85–1.52%). The prevalence of S. scabiei was higher in winter (1.42%; 95% CI: 0.29–2.55%), summer (1.39%; 95% CI: 0.83–1.96%), and autumn (1.1%; 95% CI: 0.53–1.68%) than in spring (0.63%; 95% CI: 0.02–1.25%). Furthermore, the prevalence of S. scabiei was the highest in Pekingese (21.88%; 95% CI: 7.55–36.2%), followed by Papillon (5.26%; 95% CI: 0–11.06%) and Bichon Frise (3.19%; 95% CI: 0–6.75%). The results of the present investigation indicate that S. scabiei infection is prevalent in pet dogs in Guangzhou, China, which provides relevant “baseline” data for conducting control strategies and measures against scabies in this region and elsewhere in China. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report of S. scabiei prevalence in pet dogs in China

Emergent Schr\"{o}dinger cat states during superradiant phase transitions

Superradiant phase transitions (SPTs) are important for understanding light-matter interactions at the quantum level [1, 2], and play a central role in criticality-enhanced quantum sensing [3]. So far, SPTs have been observed in driven-dissipative systems [4-9], but the emergent light fields did not show any nonclassical characteristic due to the presence of strong dissipation. Here we report an experimental demonstration of the SPT featuring the emergence of a highly nonclassical photonic field, realized with a resonator coupled to a superconducting qubit, implementing the quantum Rabi model [10, 11]. We fully characterize the light-matter state by Wigner matrix tomography. The measured matrix elements exhibit quantum interference intrinsic of a photonic Schr\"{o}dinger cat state [12], and reveal light-matter entanglement. Besides their fundamental importance, these hitherto unobserved emergent quantum phenomena are useful for quantum metrology and fault-tolerant quantum computation.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, 2 table

A decade of insight: bibliometric analysis of gut microbiota’s role in osteoporosis (2014–2024)

PurposeOsteoporosis represents a profound challenge to public health, underscoring the critical need to dissect its complex etiology and identify viable targets for intervention. Within this context, the gut microbiota has emerged as a focal point of research due to its profound influence on bone metabolism. Despite this growing interest, the literature has yet to see a bibliometric study addressing the gut microbiota’s contribution to both the development and management of osteoporosis. This study aims to fill this gap through an exhaustive bibliometric analysis. Our objective is to uncover current research hotspots, delineate key themes, and identify future research trends. In doing so, we hope to provide direction for future studies and the development of innovative treatment methods.MethodsRelevant publications in this field were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. We used VOSviewer, CiteSpace, an online analysis platform and the R package “Bibliometrix” for bibliometric analysis.ResultsA total of 529 publications (including 351 articles and 178 reviews) from 61 countries, 881 institutions, were included in this study. China leads in publication volume and boast the highest cumulative citation. Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Southern Medical University are the leading research institutions in this field. Nutrients contributed the largest number of articles, and J Bone Miner Res is the most co-cited journal. Of the 3,166 scholars who participated in the study, Ohlsson C had the largest number of articles. Li YJ is the most co-cited author. “Probiotics” and “inflammation” are the keywords in the research.ConclusionThis is the first bibliometric analysis of gut microbiota in osteoporosis. We explored current research status in recent years and identified frontiers and hot spots in this research field. We investigate the impact of gut microbiome dysregulation and its associated inflammation on OP progression, a topic that has garnered international research interest in recent years. Additionally, our study delves into the potential of fecal microbiota transplantation or specific dietary interventions as promising avenues for future research, which can provide reference for the researchers who focus on this research filed