Record of Tramea virginia (Rambur, 1842) (Odonata: Libellulidae) from the West Pacific Ocean

Abstract: This paper provides a photo of a male Tramea virginia (Rambur, 1842) taken from the West Pacific Ocean, approximately 30 km east of the nearest land. This photo serves as a migration record, and the paper also briefly discusses the migration behavior of the genus Tramea Hagen, 1861

Does Privacy Still Matter in the Era of Web 2.0? A Qualitative Study of User Behavior towards Online Social Networking Activities

In this study, we attempt to understand one frequently observed paradox in user social networking behavior – highly concerned about privacy issues on social networking sites, yet actively participating in social networking activities. Based on qualitative analysis of student essays on their social networking activities and perceptions, we propose a theory for user online social networking behavior – the adaptive cognition theory (ACT). The main argument of the theory is that user behavior toward social networking is dynamic and adaptive primarily influenced by the perceived benefits and risks. More often than not, the perceived benefits dominate the perceived risks in user behavior calculus, resulting in the commonly observed phenomenon that users seem to ignore privacy concerns when participating in social networking activities and using social networking web sites. We argue that ACT explains user social networking behavior better than well-established behavioral theories do such as TAM, TPB, and rational choice. Furthermore, ACT provides prescriptive insights for managers of social networking sites and companies interested in taking advantage of the social networking phenomenon. Limitations and future research directions are discussed as well

Nonstandard finite element de Rham complexes on cubical meshes

We propose two general operations on finite element differential complexes on cubical meshes that can be used to construct and analyze sequences of "nonstandard" convergent methods. The first operation, called DoF-transfer, moves edge degrees of freedom to vertices in a way that reduces global degrees of freedom while increasing continuity order at vertices. The second operation, called serendipity, eliminates interior bubble functions and degrees of freedom locally on each element without affecting edge degrees of freedom. These operations can be used independently or in tandem to create nonstandard complexes that incorporate Hermite, Adini and "trimmed-Adini" elements. We show that the resulting elements provide convergent, non-conforming methods for problems requiring stronger regularity and satisfy a discrete Korn inequality. We discuss potential benefits of applying these elements to Stokes, biharmonic and elasticity problems.Comment: 31 page

Deforming black holes with even multipolar differential rotation boundary

Motivated by the novel asymptotically global AdS$_4$ solutions with deforming horizon in [JHEP {\bf 1802}, 060 (2018)], we analyze the boundary metric with even multipolar differential rotation and numerically construct a family of deforming solutions with quadrupolar differential rotation boundary, including two classes of solutions: solitons and black holes. In contrast to solutions with dipolar differential rotation boundary, we find that even though the norm of Killing vector $\partial_t$ becomes spacelike for certain regions of polar angle $\theta$ when $\varepsilon>2$, solitons and black holes with quadrupolar differential rotation still exist and do not develop hair due to superradiance. Moreover, at the same temperature, the horizonal deformation of quadrupolar rotation is smaller than that of dipolar rotation. Furthermore, we also study the entropy and quasinormal modes of the solutions, which have the analogous properties to that of dipolar rotation.Comment: 18 pages, 21 figure

Distortion risk measures in random environments: construction and axiomatic characterization

The risk of a financial position shines through by means of the fluctuation of its market price. The factors affecting the price of a financial position include not only market internal factors, but also other various market external factors. The latter can be understood as sorts of environments to which financial positions have to expose. Motivated by this observation, this paper aims to design a novel axiomatic approach to risk measures in random environments. We construct a new distortion-type risk measure, which can appropriately evaluate the risk of financial positions in the presence of environments. After having studied its fundamental properties, we also axiomatically characterize it. Furthermore, its coherence and dual representation are investigated. The new class of risk measures in random environments is large enough, for example, it not only can recover some known risk measures such as the common weighted value at risk and range value at risk, but also can induce other new specific risk measures such as risk measures in the presence of background risk. Examples are given to illustrate the new framework of risk measures. This paper gives some theoretical results about risk measures in random environments, helping one to have an insight look at the potential impact of environments on risk measures of positions.Comment: 47 pages, no figure

Risk measurement of joint risk of portfolios: a liquidity shortfall aspect

This paper presents a novel axiomatic framework of measuring the joint risk of a portfolio consisting of several financial positions. From the liquidity shortfall aspect, we construct a distortion-type risk measure to measure the joint risk of portfolios, which we referred to as multivariate distortion joint risk measure, representing the liquidity shortfall caused by the joint risk of portfolios. After its fundamental properties have been studied, we axiomatically characterize it by proposing a novel set of axioms. Furthermore, based on the representations for multivariate distortion joint risk measures, we also propose a new class of vector-valued multivariate distortion joint risk measures, as well as with sensible financial interpretation. Their fundamental properties are also investigated. It turns out that this new class is large enough, as it can not only induce new vector-valued multivariate risk measures, but also recover some popular vector-valued multivariate risk measures known in the literature with alternative financial interpretation. Examples are given to illustrate the proposed multivariate distortion joint risk measures. This paper mainly gives some theoretical results, helping one to have an insight look at the measurement of joint risk of portfolios.Comment: 45 pages, 0 figur

Glueball Masses from Hamiltonian Lattice QCD

We calculate the masses of the $0^{++}$, $0^{--}$ and $1^{+-}$ glueballs from QCD in 3+1 dimensions using an eigenvalue equation method for Hamiltonian lattice QCD developed and described elsewhere by the authors. The mass ratios become approximately constants in the coupling region $6/g^2 \in [6.0,6.4]$, from which we estimate $M(0^{--})/M(0^{++})=2.44 \pm 0.05 \pm 0.20$ and $M(1^{+-})/M(0^{++})=1.91 \pm 0.05 \pm 0.12$.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, figures to be sent upon reques

MPMQA: Multimodal Question Answering on Product Manuals

Visual contents, such as illustrations and images, play a big role in product manual understanding. Existing Product Manual Question Answering (PMQA) datasets tend to ignore visual contents and only retain textual parts. In this work, to emphasize the importance of multimodal contents, we propose a Multimodal Product Manual Question Answering (MPMQA) task. For each question, MPMQA requires the model not only to process multimodal contents but also to provide multimodal answers. To support MPMQA, a large-scale dataset PM209 is constructed with human annotations, which contains 209 product manuals from 27 well-known consumer electronic brands. Human annotations include 6 types of semantic regions for manual contents and 22,021 pairs of question and answer. Especially, each answer consists of a textual sentence and related visual regions from manuals. Taking into account the length of product manuals and the fact that a question is always related to a small number of pages, MPMQA can be naturally split into two subtasks: retrieving most related pages and then generating multimodal answers. We further propose a unified model that can perform these two subtasks all together and achieve comparable performance with multiple task-specific models. The PM209 dataset is available at https://github.com/AIM3-RUC/MPMQA