Trans-Anastomotic Drainage Tube Placement After Hand-Sewn Anastomosis in Patients Undergoing Intersphincteric Resection for Low Rectal Cancer: An Alternative Drainage Method

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a common complication after intersphincteric resection (ISR). It significantly reduces quality of life and causes great distress to patients. Although traditional drainage (e.g., anal and pelvic catheters) may reduce the impact of AL to some extent, their role in reducing the incidence of AL remains controversial. In this study, we developed a novel drainage technique involving the placement of drainage tubes through the gap between sutures during handsewn anastomosis, to reduce the occurrence of anastomotic leakage. We retrospectively analyzed 34 consecutive patients who underwent intersphincteric resection requiring handsewn anastomosis between February 1, 2017, and January 1, 2021. Patients were classified into the trans-anastomotic drainage tube group (TADT, n = 14) and the non-TADT group (n = 20) based on whether trans-anastomotic tube placement was performed. The incidence of postoperative complications, such as AL, was compared between the two groups, and anal function of patients at 1-year post-ISR was evaluated. Six cases of AL occurred in the non-TADT group, while none occurred in the TADT group; this difference was statistically significant (p=0.031). The TADT group also had a shorter hospital stay (p=0.007). There were no other significant intergroup differences in operation time, blood loss, pain score, anastomotic stenosis, intestinal obstruction, or incidence of wound infection. In the 30 patients (88.2%) evaluated for anal function, there were no significant intergroup differences in stool frequency, urgency, daytime/nocturnal soiling, Wexner incontinence score, or Kirwan grading. Taken together, trans-anastomotic tube placement is a novel drainage method that may reduce AL after ISR requiring handsewn anastomosis and without adversely affecting anal function

Strain-restricted transfer of ferromagnetic electrodes for constructing reproducibly superior-quality spintronic devices

Spintronic device is the fundamental platform for spin-related academic and practical studies. However, conventional techniques with energetic deposition or boorish transfer of ferromagnetic metal inevitably introduce uncontrollable damage and undesired contamination in various spin-transport-channel materials, leading to partially attenuated and widely distributed spintronic device performances. These issues will eventually confuse the conclusions of academic studies and limit the practical applications of spintronics. Here we propose a polymer-assistant strain-restricted transfer technique that allows perfectly transferring the pre-patterned ferromagnetic electrodes onto channel materials without any damage and change on the properties of magnetism, interface, and channel. This technique is found productive for pursuing superior-quality spintronic devices with high controllability and reproducibility. It can also apply to various-kind (organic, inorganic, organic-inorganic hybrid, or carbon-based) and diverse-morphology (smooth, rough, even discontinuous) channel materials. This technique can be very useful for reliable device construction and will facilitate the technological transition of spintronic study

The Collaborative Marine Management of Jiangsu Province Government Departments from the Perspective of Collaborative Government Theory

In accordance with the requirements of the "Jiangsu Provincial Institutional Reform Plan", Jiangsu abolished the marine administrative agency in the provincial administrative reform in 2018, and the marine management function was split into other government management departments. This has optimized the marine management system, and to a certain extent, the previous shortcomings such as the division of land and the sea and the overlapping of responsibilities have been alleviated. But it also has brought some problems, such as the decentralization of marine management functions, the obvious weakening of marine administrative institutions, and the governments of the three coastal cities insufficient synergy effects, etc., have hindered the high-quality development of Jiangsu′s marine economy. Based on the actual marine management of the Jiangsu government, the theory of collaborative government endows the government with management efficiency. The paper proposed to establish an open and collaborative administrative concept, set up a task-based organization, and promote the institutionalized sharing of marine information, in order to promote the efficiency of collaborative management among various government departments and promote the construction of a powerful marine province, give play to the effective momentum of the government

Extraction of coloring matter from Sargentodoxa cuneata by ultrasonic technique and its application on wool fabric

426-430The ultrasonic extraction technique has been used to extract coloring matter from Sargentodoxa cuneata and the application of coloring matter on wool fabric studied. The effects of temperature, ultrasonic power, extracting time and bath ratio on the extraction of coloring matter from Sargentodoxa cuneata have been studied. From the orthogonal experiment, the optimum extraction conditions are found to be 50ºC temperature, 90 min extracting time, 200 W ultrasonic power, and 1:50 bath ratio. It is also observed that the efficiency of the ultrasonic extraction at 50ºC is higher than the normal extraction at 100ºC, and this optimum extraction condition is stable, feasible, and has good repeatability. It has bright prospective in industrialization. Color of the fabrics dyed by ultrasonic extracting solution is found to be deeper

Emerging Spintronic Materials and Functionalities

The explosive growth of the information era has put forward urgent requirements for ultra-high-speed and extremely efficient computations. In direct contrary to charge-based computations, spintronics aims to use spins as information carriers for data storage, transmission, and decoding, to help fully realize electronic device miniaturization and high integration for next-generation computing technologies. Currently, many novel spintronic materials have been developed with unique properties and multi-functionalities, including organic semiconductors (OSCs), organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs), and two-dimensional materials (2DMs). These materials are useful to fulfil the demand for developing diverse and advanced spintronic devices. Herein, we systematically reviewed these promising materials for advanced spintronic applications. Due to the distinct chemical and physical structures of OSCs, OIHPs, and 2DMs, their spintronic properties (spin transport and spin manipulation) were discussed separately. In addition, some multifunctionalities due to photoelectric and chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) were overviewed, including the spin-filter effect, spin-photovoltaics, spin-light emitting devices, and spin-transistor functions. Subsequently, we presented challenges and future perspectives of using these multifunctional materials for the development of advanced spintronics

Estrogen prevents intestinal inflammation after trauma-hemorrhage via downregulation of angiotensin II and angiotensin II subtype I receptor

Although angiotensin II (Ang II) plays a key role in development of organ ischemia-reperfusion injury, it remains unclear whether it is involved in development of intestinal injury following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H). Studies have shown that 17β-estradiol (E2) administration following T-H improves small intestinal blood flow; however, it is unclear whether Ang II plays a role in this E2-mediated salutary effect. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent laparotomy and hemorrhagic shock (removal of 60% total blood volume, fluid resuscitation after 90 min). At onset of resuscitation, rats were treated with vehicle, E2, or E2 and estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 (ICI). A separate group of rats was treated with Ang II subtype I receptor (AT1R) antagonist losartan. At 24 h after T-H, plasma Ang II, IL-6, TNF-α, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1 and CINC-3 levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and AT1R expression were determined. T-H significantly increased plasma and intestinal Ang II, IL-6, TNF-α levels, intestinal ICAM-1, CINC-1, CINC-3 levels, MPO activity, and AT1R protein compared with shams. E2 treatment following T-H attenuated increased intestinal MPO activity, Ang II level, and AT1R protein expression. ICI administration abolished the salutary effects of E2. In contrast, losartan administration attenuated increased MPO activity without affecting Ang II and AT1R levels. Thus Ang II plays a role in producing small intestine inflammation following T-H, and the salutary effects of E2 on intestinal inflammation are mediated in part by Ang II and AT1R downregulation

mTERF5 Acts as a Transcriptional Pausing Factor to Positively Regulate Transcription of Chloroplast psbEFLJ

RNA polymerase transcriptional pausing represents a major checkpoint in transcription in bacteria and metazoans, but it is unknown whether this phenomenon occurs in plant organelles. Here, we report that transcriptional pausing occurs in chloroplasts. We found that mTERF5 specifically and positively regulates the transcription of chloroplast psbEFLJ in Arabidopsis thaliana that encodes four key subunits of photo-system II. We found that mTERF5 causes the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) complex to pause at psbEFLJ by binding to the +30 to +51 region of double-stranded DNA. Moreover, we revealed that mTERF5 interacts with pTAC6, an essential subunit of the PEP complex, although pTAC6 is not involved in the transcriptional pausing at psbEFLJ. We showed that mTERF5 recruits additional pTAC6 to the transcriptionally paused region of psbEFLJ, and the recruited pTAC6 proteins could be assembled into the PEP complex to regulate psbEFLJ transcription. Taken together, our findings shed light on the role of transcriptional pausing in chloroplast transcription in plants

Glucosamine improves cardiac function following trauma-hemorrhage by increased protein O-GlcNAcylation and attenuation of NF-κB signaling

We have previously demonstrated that in a rat model of trauma-hemorrhage (T-H), glucosamine administration during resuscitation improved cardiac function, reduced circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines, and increased tissue levels of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) on proteins. The mechanism(s) by which glucosamine mediated its protective effect were not determined; therefore, the goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that glucosamine treatment attenuated the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the heart via an increase in protein O-GlcNAc levels. Fasted male rats were subjected to T-H by bleeding to a mean arterial blood pressure of 40 mmHg for 90 min followed by resuscitation. Glucosamine treatment during resuscitation significantly attenuated the T-H-induced increase in cardiac levels of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA, IκB-α phosphorylation, NF-κB, NF-κB DNA binding activity, ICAM-1, and MPO activity. LPS (2 μg/ml) increased the levels of IκB-α phosphorylation, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and NF-κB in primary cultured cardiomyocytes, which was significantly attenuated by glucosamine treatment and overexpression of O-GlcNAc transferase; both interventions also significantly increased O-GlcNAc levels. In contrast, the transfection of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes with OGT small-interfering RNA decreased O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAc levels and enhanced the LPS-induced increase in IκB-α phosphorylation. Glucosamine treatment of macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 also increased O-GlcNAc levels and attenuated the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB. These results demonstrate that the modulation of O-GlcNAc levels alters the response of cardiomyocytes to the activation of the NF-κB pathway, which may contribute to the glucosamine-mediated improvement in cardiac function following hemorrhagic shock