Proposal and Simulation Analysis of Measures for Advancment of Railway Passanger Traffic on Relation Koprivnica – Virovitica

U radu su predložene mjere za unapređenje željezničkog prometa na pružnoj dionici Koprivnica – Virovitica regionalne pruge R202 (Varaždin – Dalj) s ciljem povećanja kvalitete prijevozne usluge u željezničkom putničkom prometu u svrhu dnevnih migracija putnika iz Podravine prema Zagrebu. Za potrebe ispitivanja učinka predloženih mjera izrađeni su računalni modeli pružne dionice Koprivnica - Virovitica s postojećim stanjem i predloženim promjenama postojećeg stanja željezničke infrastrukture na toj dionici pruge. Predložene mjere odnose se na promjenu postojećeg sustava osiguranja otvorene pruge i kolodvorskih područja u svrhu povećanja tehničke sposobnosti pruge i sigurnosti željezničkog prometa, izmjenu voznog parka te dodatne mjere za unaprjeđenje sustava upravljanja željezničkim prometom. Predložene mjere su ispitane primjenom simulacijskih postupaka, a analizom dobivenih rezultata utvrđeno je da bi one mogle značajno unaprijediti kvalitetu prijevozne usluge s aspekta raspoloživosti, udobnosti, brzine, ekonomičnosti i sigurnosti putovanja.The paper provides an outline of proposed measures for advancment of railway traffic on the railway relation Koprivnica – Virovitica of the regional railway track R202 (Varaždin – Dalj) with the objective of increasing the quality of transport service in passanger railway traffic for the purpose of commuting from Podravina to Zagreb. In order to test the efficiency of proposed measures computing assisted models of the railway relation Koprivnica - Virovitica were developed depicting existing state and the changes of the existing state of the railway infrastructure on this particular part of the railway track. Proposed changes primarily relate to alteration of the existing system of ensuring the open railway track and railway station areas for the purpose of increasing technical capacity of the railway track and safety of the railway traffic, replacement of vehicle fleet and additional measures for improving the railway traffic management system. Proposed measures were tested by means of application of simulation procedures, and analysis of results indicated that they could significantly improve the quality of transport service from the aspect of availability, comfort, speed, cost-efficiency and safety

Safety analyis of the interface between electronic type of automatic level crossing device (LC) and relay based device of automatic block system (AB)

U radu je provedena sigurnosna analiza sučelja između elektroničkog automatskog uređaja za osiguranje željezničko-cestovnog prijelaza (ŽCP) i relejnog uređaja automatskog pružnog bloka (APB) u svrhu istraživanja utjecaja njihovog zajedničkog djelovanja na sigurnost prometa. Analiza obuhvaća sve potencijalne slučajeve kvara u komunikaciji između promatranih signalno-sigurnosnih uređaja APB-a i ŽCP-a. Na temelju rezultata provedene analize dokazano je da promatrano sučelje zadovoljava sigurnosne kriterije za primjenu u željezničkom prometu jer promatrani signalno-sigurnosni uređaji u slučaju kvara uvijek omogućavaju viši stupanj sigurnosti prometa zbog čega ona nije ugrožena.SAFETY ANALYIS OF THE INTERFACE BETWEEN ELECTRONIC TYPE OF AUTOMATIC LEVEL CROSSING DEVICE (LC) AND RELAY BASED DEVICE OF AUTOMATIC BLOCK SYSTEM (AB) SUMMARY: In the paper safety analysis of interface between electronic type of automatic level crossing device (LC) and relay based device of automatic block system (AB) is conducted for the purpose of indentifying the influence of their joint work on traffic safety. The analysis encompasses all potential failure cases in communication between observed signal-safety devices of AB and LC. Based on the results of the analysis it has been proved that the observed interface meets the safety criteria for application in railway transport, because if any failure occurs the respective signal-safety devices will always shift to a higher level of traffic safety, which is why it is not compromised

Managing Rail Traffic on Commuter Lines Based on Dynamic Timetable Application

The increase of demand for transport service in rail commuter traffic stipulates higher ratio of consumed infrastructure capacity. In this method of traffic flow even minor deviations from the planned timetable can have negative influence on its stability, and this can result in major reduction of the quality of transport service. This research has defined the commuter rail traffic management system model with the application of real-time timetable rescheduling. It understands the application of the decision support system during the procedure of adjusting the timetable to the real condition in traffic in the form of genetic algorithm defined on the basis of the valid rules for the train and traffic control. Besides, this model in all the commuter trains understands the existence of the driver advisory system which is based on the algorithm for determination of the most favourable running regime with the aim of saving in energy consumption. The paper proves that by applying the proposed model the commuter rail traffic can be improved regarding the increase of the timetable stability and energy-efficient train operation. KEY WORDS: rail traffic management, genetic algorithm, energy efficient timetabling and train operatio

New method for energy-efficient train operation on commuter rail networks

U radu je predstavljena nova metoda za energetski učinkovitu vožnju gradsko-prigradskih električnih vlakova. Ona podrazumijeva primjenu centraliziranog sustava upravljanja željezničkim prometom s mogućnošću prilagodbe voznog reda stvarnom stanju u prometu. Testirana je na međustajališnom razmaku između stajališta Maksimir i Zagreb GK na pruzi Dugo Selo – Zagreb GK. Za svako potencijalno vozno vrijeme gradsko-prigradskih vlakova na tom međustajališnom razmaku, primjenom SQP metode za izračun potrošnje pogonske energije, simulirani su različiti režimi vožnje vlakova te su odabrani oni s najmanjom potrošnjom pogonske energije. Pri tome, svaki režim podrazumijeva vozno vrijeme koje može odstupati do 20 sekundi od onog definiranog voznim redom, a to predstavlja potpuno novi način definiranja optimalnih režima vožnje gradsko-prigradskih vlakova. Rezultati provedenih simulacija pokazuju da se primjenom nove metode određivanja optimalnih režima vožnje električnih gradsko-prigradskih vlakova može postići i do 10 % uštede u potrošnji njihove pogonske energije.This paper presents a new optimisation method for energy-efficient operation of electric commuter trains. This method assumes the application of centralised train and traffic control with online timetable rescheduling. The method was tested on the interstation distance between Maksimir and Zagreb GK on the Dugo Selo - Zagreb GK railway line. For all potential running times of commuter trains, by usage of SQP-method for the calculation of traction power supply, different running regimes were simulated and best regimes regarding energy consumption were selected. Each regime implies a running time which can deviate up to 20 seconds from the nominal one given by the timetable and this represents a completely new way of defining the energy-optimal running regimes. The results of the simulation show that the new method for energy-optimal commuter trains running profile calculation can save up to 10 % of consumed energy for traction supply of electric commuter passenger trains

Modelling of fuzzy logic based dispatcher support system for railway traffic control in station area

SAŽETAK: Suvremeni pristup upravljanju željezničkim prometom na glavnim koridorima podrazumijeva centralizirano upravljanje željezničkim prometom. U tom je pristupu glavna uloga u upravljanju prometom povjerena dispečeru. Imajući za cilj smanjenje radnog opterećenja dispečera i istovremeno povećanje razine performanse i efikasnosti njegova rada, te veću učinkovitost upravljanja prometom, razvijaju se prikladni sustavi potpore u odlučivanju. Članak prikazuje model sustava podrške u upravljanju željezničkim prometom temeljen na umjetnoj inteligenciji. Predloženi model sustava temeljenog na neizrazitoj logici trebao bi u određenoj mjeri smanjiti negativan učinak različitih distraktora i nepovoljnih okolnosti u radnom i prometnom okruženju na rad dispečera.Modern approach to rail traffic control on major corridors implies centralized train and traffic control. In such approach, the main role in traffic management has railway dispatcher. With the aim of reducing the dispatcher\u27s workload while simultaneously raising the performance level and increasing the efficiency of the dispatcher\u27s work, with a goal of greater efficiency in the process of traffic control, adequate decision support systems are being developed. Within this paper, a model of the dispatcher support system in decision-making in the railway traffic control process based on the application of artificial intelligence is presented. The proposed model of fuzzy logic based dispatcher support system in decision-making should, to a certain extent, decrease the possible negative impact of different distractors and factors of unfavorable circumstances from the working and traffic environment on the performance of the dispatcher’s work

Asymmetric DSL Technology of Signal Transmission

Asymmetric flow of information is the key feature of theADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop) technology, i.e.higher data transmission rate towards the user than from theuser towards the network. Characteristic is the short messagesending by the user with a certain request to the se!Ver. These!Ver responds to the request by a significantly longer messageof various electronic forms (data, digitized speech, pictures orvideo). Therefore, this technology is most often used by smalland medium users. ADSL is currently the only commerciallyavailable DSL technology which is still experiencing the breakthroughon the seiVice market. It enables faster access to theInternet, LAN (Local Area Network), videoconferencing, VoD(Video on Demand) and interactive multimedia. In order tostandardize such se/Vices, the !TU (International TelecommunicationsUnion) G. 992.1 (standardized DMT-discrete multi-tone line coding technology) and ANSJ (American NationalStandards Institution) Tl.413-95!98 are used for ADSL. DMT(Discrete Multi Tone), as the more popular one, uses the linecoding technique, which splits a certain frequency range intoseveral sub-channels. Most of these sub-channels are used forupstream and downstream transmission of speech and data,whereas some are used as pilot signals or kept in rese/Ve. Suchmodulation technique expands the frequency spectrum, allowingthe usage ofbroadband se/Vices per one pair of wires. In thisway the sharing of speech and data se/Vice transmission is realized

An analysis of passenger train driver’s cognitive workload in relation to Croatian national train control system

Radno opterećenje strojovođe predstavlja ključan čimbenik koji utječe na učinkovitost i sigurnost procesa vožnje vlaka. Pri tome, suvremeni zahtjevi za povećanjem učinkovitosti procesa upravljanja željezničkim prometom, a koji su povezani sa stabilnosti željezničkog voznog reda i energetskom učinkovitosti vožnje vlakova, mogu rezultirati prekomjernim kognitivnim opterećenjem strojovođa. U ovome radu objašnjen je i analiziran angažman strojovođe u procesu vožnje putničkog vlaka povezan s Hrvatskim nacionalnim sustavom vođenja vlakova, a s obzirom na njegovo kognitivno opterećenje u svrhu procjene utjecaja na sigurnost željezničkog prometa. Istraživanje uključuje analizu rada strojovođe u lokomotivama i motornim vlakovima koji se koriste u željezničkom putničkom prometu u Republici Hrvatskoj. U analizu je dodatno uključen i angažman strojovođe gradsko-prigradskog vlaka u sklopu buduće potencijalne primjene sustava podrške u vožnji vlaka. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na potrebu uvođenja sustava poluautomatske vožnje gradsko-prigradskih vlakova.Train driver’s workload represents a key factor for efficiency and safety of train operation. Thus, modern requirements for efficiency of train operation regarding railway timetable stability and energy efficiency can lead to very high level of train driver’s workload. In this paper passenger train driver’s activities related to Croatian national train control system are explained and analyzed regarding his cognitive workload in order to assess its negative impact on railway safety. The research includes an analysis of the train driver’s work in locomotives and multiple units used for railway passenger transport in the Republic of Croatia. Additionally, an analysis of commuter train driver’s activities in case of future potential application of train driver advisory systems is provided. The research results indicate the need for the introduction of semi-automatic driving in commuter rail services

New method for energy-efficient train operation on commuter rail networks

U radu je predstavljena nova metoda za energetski učinkovitu vožnju gradsko-prigradskih električnih vlakova. Ona podrazumijeva primjenu centraliziranog sustava upravljanja željezničkim prometom s mogućnošću prilagodbe voznog reda stvarnom stanju u prometu. Testirana je na međustajališnom razmaku između stajališta Maksimir i Zagreb GK na pruzi Dugo Selo – Zagreb GK. Za svako potencijalno vozno vrijeme gradsko-prigradskih vlakova na tom međustajališnom razmaku, primjenom SQP metode za izračun potrošnje pogonske energije, simulirani su različiti režimi vožnje vlakova te su odabrani oni s najmanjom potrošnjom pogonske energije. Pri tome, svaki režim podrazumijeva vozno vrijeme koje može odstupati do 20 sekundi od onog definiranog voznim redom, a to predstavlja potpuno novi način definiranja optimalnih režima vožnje gradsko-prigradskih vlakova. Rezultati provedenih simulacija pokazuju da se primjenom nove metode određivanja optimalnih režima vožnje električnih gradsko-prigradskih vlakova može postići i do 10 % uštede u potrošnji njihove pogonske energije.This paper presents a new optimisation method for energy-efficient operation of electric commuter trains. This method assumes the application of centralised train and traffic control with online timetable rescheduling. The method was tested on the interstation distance between Maksimir and Zagreb GK on the Dugo Selo - Zagreb GK railway line. For all potential running times of commuter trains, by usage of SQP-method for the calculation of traction power supply, different running regimes were simulated and best regimes regarding energy consumption were selected. Each regime implies a running time which can deviate up to 20 seconds from the nominal one given by the timetable and this represents a completely new way of defining the energy-optimal running regimes. The results of the simulation show that the new method for energy-optimal commuter trains running profile calculation can save up to 10 % of consumed energy for traction supply of electric commuter passenger trains

Model of fuzzy inference system for forecasting dwell time required by commuter trains at stops

Svako neočekivano povećanje broja putnika može rezultirati neplaniranim produljenjem vremena zadržavanja vlaka na stajalištu odnosno njegovim kašnjenjem u polasku u odnosu na planirani vozni red. Tako nastalo primarno kašnjenje vlaka može izazvati posljedična kašnjenja drugih vlakova koji prema planiranom voznom redu imaju slijeđenje ili sastajanje s zakašnjelim vlakom, te na taj način narušiti stabilnost voznog reda. Iz tog je razloga u slučaju nastanka primarnog kašnjenja važno na vrijeme pokrenuti postupak prilagodbe voznog reda stvarnom stanju u prometu. U okviru tog postupka potrebno je čim preciznije predvidjeti potrebna vremena zadržavanja prigradskih vlakova na stajalištima i na temelju toga prilagoditi njihova vozna vremena kako bi se nadoknadila nastala kašnjenja i promet dalje mogao odvijati prema planiranom važećem voznom redu. U ovom radu definiran je model neizrazitog sustava zaključivanja koji služi za predviđanje stvarno potrebnog vremena zadržavanja prigradskih vlakova na stajalištima.Every unexpected increase in the number of passengers may result in unplanned extension of the scheduled dwell times of commuter train at stop, i.e. its delay in departure regarding the planned timetable. This may cause consequent delays of other trains that, according to the planned timetable have headways or connections with the delayed train, thus disturbing the stability of the timetable. Therefore, it is important to start the procedure of adapting the timetable to the actual condition in traffic. As part of this procedure it is necessary to forecast the actually required dwell times for commuter trains and based on this to adapt their running times in order to compensate for the delays and to continue operating according to the planned timetable. In this paper, the model of fuzzy inference system has been defined and it serves to forecast the actually required dwell times of the commuter trains at the stops

Model of fuzzy inference system for forecasting dwell time required by commuter trains at stops

Svako neočekivano povećanje broja putnika može rezultirati neplaniranim produljenjem vremena zadržavanja vlaka na stajalištu odnosno njegovim kašnjenjem u polasku u odnosu na planirani vozni red. Tako nastalo primarno kašnjenje vlaka može izazvati posljedična kašnjenja drugih vlakova koji prema planiranom voznom redu imaju slijeđenje ili sastajanje s zakašnjelim vlakom, te na taj način narušiti stabilnost voznog reda. Iz tog je razloga u slučaju nastanka primarnog kašnjenja važno na vrijeme pokrenuti postupak prilagodbe voznog reda stvarnom stanju u prometu. U okviru tog postupka potrebno je čim preciznije predvidjeti potrebna vremena zadržavanja prigradskih vlakova na stajalištima i na temelju toga prilagoditi njihova vozna vremena kako bi se nadoknadila nastala kašnjenja i promet dalje mogao odvijati prema planiranom važećem voznom redu. U ovom radu definiran je model neizrazitog sustava zaključivanja koji služi za predviđanje stvarno potrebnog vremena zadržavanja prigradskih vlakova na stajalištima.Every unexpected increase in the number of passengers may result in unplanned extension of the scheduled dwell times of commuter train at stop, i.e. its delay in departure regarding the planned timetable. This may cause consequent delays of other trains that, according to the planned timetable have headways or connections with the delayed train, thus disturbing the stability of the timetable. Therefore, it is important to start the procedure of adapting the timetable to the actual condition in traffic. As part of this procedure it is necessary to forecast the actually required dwell times for commuter trains and based on this to adapt their running times in order to compensate for the delays and to continue operating according to the planned timetable. In this paper, the model of fuzzy inference system has been defined and it serves to forecast the actually required dwell times of the commuter trains at the stops