Gout in immigrant groups: a cohort study in Sweden

Our aim was to study the association between country of birth and incidence of gout in different immigrant groups in Sweden. The study population included the whole population of Sweden. Gout was defined as having at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register. The association between incidence of gout and country of birth was assessed by Cox regression, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), using Swedish-born individuals as referents. All models were conducted in both men and women, and the full model was adjusted for age, place of residence in Sweden, educational level, marital status, neighbourhood socio-economic status and co-morbidities. The risk of gout varied by country of origin, with highest estimates, compared to Swedish born, in fully adjusted models among men from Iraq (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.54–2.16), and Russia (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.26–2.27), and also high among men from Austria, Poland, Africa and Asian countries outside the Middle East; and among women from Africa (HR 2.23, 95% CI 1.50–3.31), Hungary (HR 1.98, 95% CI 1.45–2.71), Iraq (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.13–2.74) and Austria (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.07–2.70), and also high among women from Poland. The risk of gout was lower among men from Greece, Spain, Nordic countries (except Finland) and Latin America and among women from Southern Europe, compared to their Swedish counterparts. The increased risk of gout among several immigrant groups is likely explained by a high cardio-metabolic risk factor pattern needing attention

Проект установки очистки дымовых газов котельной, ОАО «Поляны», г. Киселевск

Объектом исследования является промышленная котельная ОАО "Поляны" и ее выбросы. Цель работы – разработать очистные сооружения для очистки дымовых газов от выбросов промышленной котельной. В результате исследования была разработана технологическая схема очистки от выбросов котельной, а также спроектированы основные аппараты очистки. Основные конструктивные, технологические и технико-эксплуатационные характеристики: производительность 30000 м3/час, режим работы: непрерывный. Степень внедрения: частичная. Экономическая эффективность/значимость работы: спроектированные сооружения существенно уменьшают плату за выбросы в атмосферу. Данная схема может быть применена на других отопительных котельных РФ.The object of research is industrial boiler house of Polyany and its emissions. Purpose – to develop a sewage treatment plant for cleaning flue gases from an industrial boiler emissions. The basic constructive, technological and technical-operational characteristics: capacity 30,000 m3/hour mode of operation: continuous. Level of implementation: partial. Economic efficiency and significance of the work: buildings designed to significantly reduce the fee for emissions into the atmosphere. This scheme can be applied to other boiler plants of the Russian Federation

Developmental sensitivity of the piglet brain to docosahexanoic acid

Human formula-fed infants have a lower concentration of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) in cerebral cortex compared with breast-fed infants. It is uncertain whether this biochemical deficit is reversible in later infancy. We used a piglet model to determine whether a critical window exists for the deposition of DHA in cerebral cortex during early postnatal development. Milk formula supplemented with DHA was fed to piglets for one of two 14-day periods commencing at either 2 or 16 d of life (early or late supplementation). Comparison of cortical DHA levels in response to supplemented formula was made with age-matched piglets receiving a control formula devoid of DHA. The level of DHA incorporated into whole brain during supplemented formula-feeding seemed to be less with increasing postnatal age. However, when cerebral cortex was examined, dietary DHA was efficiently incorporated during both early and late supplementation periods. Thus, analysis of whole brain was misleading, emphasizing the need to consider the effect of myelination when interpreting developmental changes in brain fatty acids. We conclude that the piglet cerebral cortex is responsive to dietary DHA during the postnatal phase of the brain growth spurt. The lower cortical DHA levels of human formula-fed infants may, therefore, be reversible in later infancy. Plasma phospholipid DHA levels were approximately doubled and liver phospholipid DHA levels increased 50% relative to starting values during control formula-feeding. This suggests a higher rate of DHA synthesis in the piglet in comparison with the human infant, which may be an important limitation of the piglet model.Scott A Morris, Karen N Simmer, Robert Van Barneveld, and Robert A Gibso