328 research outputs found
Experimental Study of Phase Transition in Pedestrian Flow
The transition between low and high density phases is a typical feature of
systems with social interactions. This contribution focuses on simple
evacuation design of one room with one entrance and one exit; four
passing-through experiments were organized and evaluated by means of automatic
image processing. The phase of the system, determined by travel time and
occupancy, is evaluated with respect to the inflow, a controlled boundary
condition. Critical values of inflow and outflow were described with respect to
the transition from low density to congested state. Moreover, microscopic
analysis of travel time is provided.Comment: To appear in proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2014,
Transportation Research Procedia, Elsevie
Experimental Analysis of Two-Dimensional Pedestrian Flow in front of the Bottleneck
This contribution presents experimental study of two-dimensional pedestrian
flow with the aim to capture the pedestrian behaviour within the cluster formed
in front of the bottleneck. Two experiments of passing through a room with one
entrance and one exit were arranged according to phase transition study in
Ezaki et al. (2012), the inflow rate was regulated to obtain different walking
modes. By means of automatic image processing, pedestrians' paths are extracted
from camera records to get actual velocity and local density. Macroscopic
information is extracted by means of virtual detector and leaving times of
pedestrians. The pedestrian's behaviour is evaluated by means of density and
velocity. Different approaches of measurement are compared using several
fundamental diagrams. Two phases of crowd behaviour have been recognized and
the phase transition was described.Comment: In proceedings of Traffic and Granullar Flow 2013, Springe
Microscopic Travel Time Analysis of Bottleneck Experiments
This contribution provides a microscopic experimental study of pedestrian
motion in front of the bottleneck. Identification of individual pedestrians in
conducted experiments enables to explain the high variance of travel time by
heterogeneity of the crowd. Some pedestrians are able to push effectively
through the crowd, some get trapped in the crowd for significantly longer time.
This ability to push through the crowd is associated with the slope of
individual linear model of the dependency of the travel time on the number of
pedestrians in front of the bottleneck. Further detailed study of the origin of
such ability is carried out by means of the route choice, i.e. strategy whether
to bypass the crowd or to walk directly through it. The study has revealed that
the ability to push through the crowd is a combination of aggressiveness in
conflicts and willingness to overtake the crowd.Comment: To appear in Transportmetrica A:
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23249935.2017.141942
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