High pressure air valve Patent

Development and characteristics of high pressure control valv

Remotely operated high pressure valve protects test personnel

High pressure valve used in testing certain spacecraft systems is safely opened and closed by a remotely stationed operator. The valve is self-regulating in that if the incoming pressure drops below a desired value the valve will automatically close, warning the operator that the testing pressure has dropped to an undesired level

Insertion device for pressure testing

Test device which introduces either pressure or vacuum into a test pipe or tube, is insertable into the tested item where it secures itself into position and requires no external support. The unit has an operating range from zero to 25,000 psig and to any vacuum level that available equipment can reach

Replaceable filters and cones for flared-tubing connectors

Connector is modified by machining the cone from one end before the fitting is bored to accommodate a metallic-filament type of slip-in filter. Thus, when surface of the cone is damaged, only the cone needs replacement

Bench vise adapter grips tubing securely and safely

Plastic self-compressing adapter with grooves, attached to the jaws of a bench vise, secures thin-wall tubing vertically or horizontally during cutting and flaring operations without marring or damaging it. Magnets incorporated in both sections of the adapter prevent detachment from the jaws when the vise is opened

Perturbation of an Eigen-Value from a Dense Point Spectrum : An Example

We study a perturbed Floquet Hamiltonian $K+\beta V$ depending on a coupling constant $\beta$. The spectrum $\sigma(K)$ is assumed to be pure point and dense. We pick up an eigen-value, namely $0\in\sigma(K)$, and show the existence of a function $\lambda(\beta)$ defined on $I\subset\R$ such that $\lambda(\beta) \in \sigma(K+\beta V)$ for all $\beta\in I$, 0 is a point of density for the set $I$, and the Rayleigh-Schr\"odinger perturbation series represents an asymptotic series for the function $\lambda(\beta)$. All ideas are developed and demonstrated when treating an explicit example but some of them are expected to have an essentially wider range of application.Comment: Latex, 24 pages, 51

THE BIOMECHANIST AS EXPERT WITNESS

INTRODUCTION There is a critical need for qualified Biomechanists in the areas of civil and criminal litigation. Currently few "true Biomechanists" work in this area. This has resulted in a vacuum of qualified personnel being filled by people who speak to biomechanical issues with little or no education, training, and experience in anatomy, kinesiology, physiology, research methods, statistics and other areas that constitute the discipline of Biomechanics. The result is that legal decisions are made based upon incorrect or inadequate information. We suggest that as professional Biomechanists we may have a responsibility to enter this area or in our absence abdicate our role to less qualified individuals. If we as a discipline do engage this role we will upgrade the quality and truthfulness of at least a portion of the litigation process

Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Reactions with Photometric Bases Reveal Free Energy Relationships for Proton Transfer

The proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) oxidation of p-aminophenol in acetonitrile was initiated via stopped-flow rapid-mixing and spectroscopically monitored. For oxidation by ferrocenium in the presence of 7-(dimethylamino)quinoline proton acceptors, both the electron transfer and proton transfer components could be optically monitored in the visible region; the decay of the ferrocenium absorbance is readily monitored (λmax = 620 nm), and the absorbance of the 2,4-substituted 7-(dimethylamino)quinoline derivatives (λmax = 370-392 nm) red-shifts substantially (ca. 70 nm) upon protonation. Spectral analysis revealed the reaction proceeds via a stepwise electron transfer-proton transfer process, and modeling of the kinetics traces monitoring the ferrocenium and quinolinium signals provided rate constants for elementary proton and electron transfer steps. As the pKa values of the conjugate acids of the 2,4-R-7-(dimethylamino)quinoline derivatives employed were readily tuned by varying the substituents at the 2- and 4-positions of the quinoline backbone, the driving force for proton transfer was systematically varied. Proton transfer rate constants (kPT,2 = (1.5-7.5) × 10(8) M(-1) s(-1), kPT,4 = (0.55-3.0) × 10(7) M(-1) s(-1)) were found to correlate with the pKa of the conjugate acid of the proton acceptor, in agreement with anticipated free energy relationships for proton transfer processes in PCET reactions

Quantum Mutual Information Capacity for High Dimensional Entangled States

High dimensional Hilbert spaces used for quantum communication channels offer the possibility of large data transmission capabilities. We propose a method of characterizing the channel capacity of an entangled photonic state in high dimensional position and momentum bases. We use this method to measure the channel capacity of a parametric downconversion state, achieving a channel capacity over 7 bits/photon in either the position or momentum basis, by measuring in up to 576 dimensions per detector. The channel violated an entropic separability bound, suggesting the performance cannot be replicated classically.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Genetic engineering of cyanobacteria as biodiesel feedstock.

Algal biofuels are a renewable energy source with the potential to replace conventional petroleum-based fuels, while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The economic feasibility of commercial algal fuel production, however, is limited by low productivity of the natural algal strains. The project described in this SAND report addresses this low algal productivity by genetically engineering cyanobacteria (i.e. blue-green algae) to produce free fatty acids as fuel precursors. The engineered strains were characterized using Sandia's unique imaging capabilities along with cutting-edge RNA-seq technology. These tools are applied to identify additional genetic targets for improving fuel production in cyanobacteria. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates successful fuel production from engineered cyanobacteria, identifies potential limitations, and investigates several strategies to overcome these limitations. This project was funded from FY10-FY13 through the President Harry S. Truman Fellowship in National Security Science and Engineering, a program sponsored by the LDRD office at Sandia National Laboratories