3 research outputs found

    Метод коррекции для параллелизации численных моделей гидродинамики водоемов со свободной поверхностью

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    В роботi запропоновано метод перетворення послiдовних алгоритмiв моделей гiдродинамiки резервуарiв з вiльною поверхнею в паралельнi, використовуючи MPI та розбивку розрахункової областi на пiдобластi, перевагою якого є відносна простота реалізації, обумовлена потребою тільки у додаткових процедурах корекції замість значних перетворень існуючих програм послідовного розрахунку. Дослiджується вплив рiзноманiтних факторiв на ефективнiсть методу в термінах зменшення тривалості розрахунків зі збільшенням числа застосованих процесорів.В работе предложен метод преобразования последовательных алгоритмов моделей гидродинамики резервуаров со свободной поверхностью в параллельные, используя MPI и разбивку расчётной области на подобласти, преимуществом метода является относительная простота реализации, обусловленная потребностью только в дополнительных процедурах коррекции вместо значительных преобразований существующих программ последовательного расчёта. Исследуется влияние различных факторов на эффективность метода в терминах уменьшения длительности параллельных расчётов с увеличением числа используемых процессоров.This paper proposes a technique using MPI and domain decomposition to transform serial algorithms of numerical models for hydrodynamics simulations in the water reservoirs with free surface into parallel algorithms. The advantage of the proposed technique is a comparatively simple realization due to the necessity of only additional correction procedures instead of significant transformations of existing serial program code. The impacts of various factors on the method of efficiency are studied in terms of the speedup of computations with the increase of number of utilized processors

    Ontogenetic changes in leaf traits of tropical rainforest trees differing in juvenile light requirement

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    Relationships between leaf traits and the gap dependence for regeneration, and ontogenetic changes therein, were investigated in juvenile and adult tropical rainforest tree species. The juveniles of the 17 species included in the study were grown in high light, similar to the exposed crowns of the adult trees. The traits were structural, biomechanical, chemical and photosynthetic. With increasing species gap dependence, leaf mass per area (LMA) decreased only slightly in juveniles and remained constant in adults, whereas punch strength together with tissue density decreased, and photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll increased. Contrary to what has been mostly found in evergreen tropical rainforest, the trade-off between investment in longevity and in productivity was evident at an essentially constant LMA. Of the traits pertaining to the chloroplast level, photosynthetic capacity per unit chlorophyll increased with gap dependence, but the chlorophyll a/b ratio showed no relationship. Adults had a twofold higher LMA, but leaf strength was on average only about 50% larger. Leaf tissue density, and chlorophyll and leaf N per area were also higher, whereas chlorophyll and leaf N per unit dry mass were lower. Ranking of the species, relationships between traits and with the gap dependence of the species were similar for juveniles and adults. However, the magnitudes of most ontogenetic changes were not clearly related to a species’ gap dependence. The adaptive value of the leaf traits for juveniles and adults is discussed
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