Phosphorus Utilization and Recycle in Waste Stabilization Ponds

Center for Water and the Environmen

Mass Shift and Width Broadening of J/psi in hot gluonic plasma from QCD Sum Rules

We investigate possible mass shift and width broadening of J/psi in hot gluonic matter using QCD sum rule. Input values of gluon condensates at finite temperature are extracted from lattice QCD data for the energy density and pressure. Although stability of the moment ratio is achieved only up to T/Tc ~ 1.05, the gluon condensates cause a decrease of the moment ratio, which results in change of spectral properties. Using the Breit-Wigner form for the phenomenological side, we find that mass shift of J/psi just above Tc can reach maximally 200 MeV and width can broaden to dozens of MeV.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, version to appear in Physical Review Letter

Sigma meson in QCD sum rules using a two quark current with derivatives

We study the $\sigma$ meson in QCD sum rules using a two quark interpolating field with derivatives. In the constituent quark model, the $\sigma$ meson is composed of a quark and an antiquark in the relative p-wave state and is thus expected to have a larger overlap with an interpolating field that measures the derivative of the relative quark wave-function. While the sum rule with a current without derivatives gives a pole mass of around 1 GeV, the present sum rule with a derivative current gives a mass of around 550 MeV and a width of 400 MeV, that could be identified with the $\sigma$ meson.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Critical behavior of charmonia across the phase transition: A QCD sum rule approach

We investigate medium-induced change of mass and width of J/psi and eta_c across the phase transition in hot gluonic matter using QCD sum rules. In the QCD sum rule approach, the medium effect on heavy quarkonia is induced by the change of both scalar and twist-2 gluon condensates, whose temperature dependences are extracted from the lattice calculations of energy density and pressure. Although the stability of the operator product expansion side seems to break down at T > 1.06Tc for the vector channel and T>1.04Tc for the pseudoscalar channel, we find a sudden change of the spectral property across the critical temperature Tc, which originates from an equally rapid change of the scalar gluon condensate characterized by e-3p. By parameterizing the ground state of the spectral density by the Breit-Wigner form, we find that for both J/psi and eta_c, the masses suddenly decrease maximally by a few hundreds of MeV and the widths broaden to ~100 MeV slightly above Tc. Implications for recent and future heavy ion experiments are discussed. We also carry out a similar analysis for charmonia in nuclear matter, which could serve as a testing ground for observing the precursor phenomena of the QCD phase transition. We finally discuss the possibility of observing the mass shift at nuclear matter at the FAIR project at GSI.Comment: 18 pages, 21 figures, 2 figures are added and discussion on effect of dynamical quarks is extended. version to appear in Phys.Rev.

QCD sum rules for the anti-charmed pentaquark

We present a QCD sum rule analysis for the anti-charmed pentaquark state with and without strangeness. While the sum rules for most of the currents are either non-convergent or dominated by the $DN$ continuum, the one for the non-strange pentaquark current composed of two diquarks and an antiquark, is convergent and has a structure consistent with a positive parity pentaquark state after subtracting out the $DN$ continuum contribution. Arguments are presented on the similarity between the result of the present analysis and that based on the constituent quark models, which predict a more stable pentaquark states when the antiquark is heavy.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, REVTex, revised version,new figures added and references update

Charmonium-hadron interactions from QCD

The heavy quark system is an excellent probe to learn about the QCD dynamics at finite density. First, we discuss the properties of the $J/\psi$ and $D$ meson at finite nucleon density. We discuss why their properties should change at finite density and then introduce an exact QCD relation among these hadron properties and the energy momentum tensor of the medium. Second, we discuss attempts to calculate charmonium-hadron total cross section using effective hadronic models and perturbative QCD. We emphasize a recent calculation, where the cross section is derived using QCD factorization theorem. We conclude by discussing some challenges for SIS 200.Comment: 8 pages, Presented at 6th International Conference on Strange Quarks in Matter: 2001: A Flavorspace Odyssey (SQM2001), Frankfurt, Germany, 25-29 Sep 2001, submitted to J. Phys.

Properties of Quarkonia at T_c

We discuss how the spectral changes of quarkonia at T_c can reflect the ``critical'' behaviour of QCD phase transition. Starting from the temperature dependencies of the energy density and pressure from lattice QCD calculation, we extract the temperature dependencies of the scalar and spin 2 gluon condensates near T_c. We also parameterize these changes into the electric and magnetic condensate near T_c. While the magnetic condensate hardly changes across T_c, we find that the electric condensate increases abruptly above T_c. Similar abrupt change is also seen in the scalar condensate. Using the QCD second-order Stark effect and QCD sum rules, we show that these sudden changes induce equally abrupt changes in the mass and width of J/psi, both of which are larger than 100 MeV at slightly above T_c.Comment: 8 pages, Plenary talk given at Quark Matter 2008, Jaipur Indi

QCD Sum Rules, Scattering Length and the Vector Mesons in Nuclear Medium

Critical examination is made on the relation between the mass shift of vector mesons in nuclear medium and the vector-meson $-$ nucleon scattering length. We give detailed comparison between the QCD sum rule approach by two of the present authors (Phys. Rev. {\bf C46} (1992) R34) and the scattering-length approach by Koike (Phys. Rev. {\bf C51} (1995) 1488). It is shown that the latter approach is mortally flawed both technically and conceptually.Comment: 16 pages, latex, 4 figures appended as uu-encoded fil

QCD Sum Rule for Λ\Lambda(1405)

Motivated by the recently constructed interpolation field for S$_{11}$(1535), we propose a new interpolating field for $\Lambda$(1405). Using this current, we calculate the mass of $\Lambda$(1405) based on the conventional QCD sum rule analysis. By calculating the Wilson coefficients up to dimension 8 operators and taking into account the mass corrections from s-quark, we find the calculated mass of $\Lambda$(1405) to be very close to its experimental value.Comment: 8 pages (including one figure), revte