Theory on Hadrons in Nuclear Medium

After decades-long attempts to measure the mass shift and understand the origin of hadron mass, it became clear that one has to analyze hadrons with small vacuum width. Also, to identify the effect of chiral symmetry breaking, one has to start by looking at chiral partners. In this talk, I will review why such consideration inevitably led us to consider $K^*$ and $K_1$ in nuclear matter [T. Song, T. Hatsuda, S H Lee, PLB792 (2019) 160-169]. With the kaon beam at JPARC, one could observe the mass shift of both particles in a nuclear target experiment. Once the masses and mass difference of $K^*$ and $K_1$ mesons are measured, we will be closer to understanding the origin of the hadron masses and the effects of chiral symmetry breaking in them.Comment: 8 pages, Plenary talk at QNP-201

The mass of charmonium in nuclear matter

The masses of charmonium states immersed in nuclear matter are calculated in LO QCD and in QCD sum rules. While the mass shift for $J/\psi$ are found to be less than -10 MeV, those for the $\chi_{0,1,2}$ and $\psi(3686)$ and $\psi(3770)$ are found to be more than -40 MeV. We investigate the feasibility of observing such mass shifts in the future accelerator project at GSI.Comment: 5 pages, proceeding for Hadron 200

NAPLAN scores as predictors of access to higher education in Victoria

Abstract: This paper examines the extent to which year-9 performance on the National Assessment Program—Language Arts and Numeracy (NAPLAN) predicts access to higher education as determined by subsequent achievement on year-12 Victoria Certificate of Education (VCE) exams. VCE performance is measured via three binary indicators: achieving an Australian tertiary admission rank (ATAR) above 50 ("ATAR50"), above 70 ("ATAR70"), and above 90 ("ATAR90"); and two continuous indicators: ATAR and the Tertiary Entrance Aggregate (TEA). We find that a four-way classification of year-9 NAPLAN results explains 35% of the  variance in ATAR50, 37% in ATAR70 and 26% in ATAR90; and NAPLAN scores and basic demographic indicators explain 38% of the variance in ATAR and 42% of the variance in TEA values. Examining the joint effect of year-9 NAPLAN scores and socio-economic status in predicting VCE outcomes, we find that while both are significant, NAPLAN scores have a much stronger effect. At the school level, we find that predictions of success rates based on NAPLAN scores and basic demographic indicators

Quarkonium-Hadron Interactions in Perturbative QCD

The next to leading order (NLO) quarkonium-hadron cross section is calculated in perturbative QCD. The corresponding leading order (LO) result was performed by Peskin more than 20 years ago using the operator product expansion (OPE). In this work, the calculation is performed using the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude and the factorization formula. The soft divergence appearing in the intermediate stages of the calculations are shown to vanish after adding all possible crossed terms, while the collinear divergences are eliminated by mass factorization. Applying the result to the Upsilon system, one finds that there are large higher order correction near the threshold. The relevance of the present result to the charmonium case is also discussed.Comment: Yonsei University. to be published in PR