Effects of Selected Plant Growth Regulators on Regeneration of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Using Tissue Culture Technique

The in-vitro plantlet regeneration system via organogenesis and callus induction was developed from various mangosteen explants (seed, shoot tip, stem and leaf) using various plant growth regulators (PGR). For shoot induction, the mangosteen half seed, leaf and stem explants sufficiently achieved shoot regeneration rates above 60% of total explants cultured (70%, 60% and 60% respectively) on various auxin and cytokinin supplementation into the basal MS medium [4.0 mgL-1 (w/v) BAP with 0.2 mgL-l (w/v) NAA for seed; 1.0 mgL-l (w/v) BAP in combination with 0.05 mgL-1 (w/v) KIN for stem; 2.0 mgL-l (w/v) of BAP for leaf]. Shoot induction from the shoot tip explant was not successful. However, among the three explants, the leaf explant gave the highest mean number of s hoots at 46.5 ( seed and stem at 9.3 and 8 . 9 respectively). Mean shoot height h ow ever, was 0.48 em for leaf, while it was h igher for shoots generated from stem and seed explants (0.7 em and 0.8 em respectively). The shoots rooted successfully o n ful l strength M S medium w ithout IBA w i th high percentage of root formation (87%) and number of roots ( 3 . 8 ) (seven months after culture). The p l an tlets were then successfully potted and acclimatized o n medium containing soil + sand+ organic matter+ vermiculite m i x ture (2:2: 1: 1) which gave the h ighest n umber of l eaves (6.5), plant height (3.5cm) and percentage of plant survival ( 8 0%). As for callus induction, i nduction from seed and leaves w as 90% on medium with 0.5 mgL-' (w/v) NAA, whi le i nduction from shoot tip and stem was 90% and 83% respectively on medium with 0.2 mgL-' ( w/v) KIN. Our study has successfully developed a plant regeneration s ystem from e asil y avai lable stem and green juvenile leaf explants, as compared to the seasonall y available and limited seed and you n g leaf expl ants that are generall y reported by other researches. Furthermore, callus induction was successfu l from various mangosteen explants for future uti lization in the development of a plant regeneration protocol from callus, as callus also has the potential of producing improved varieties via various genetic modification techniques today

Finite Element Model to Investigate the Dynamic Instability of a Rectangular Plate Subjected to Supersonic Airflow

RÉSUMÉ Dans cette thèse, une méthode numérique est présentée pour étudier le comportement dynamique d'une plaque rectangulaire isotrope soumise à des charges aérodynamiques induites par un flux d'air supersonique parallèle. Un modèle d'éléments finis, basé sur des fonctions de déplacement polynomiales bidimensionnelles et sur la théorie des pistons linéaires, est utilisé pour étudier le comportement dynamique de la plaque solide couplée avec charges aérodynamiques. L'approche développée est capable de modéliser des plaques plates et des coques peu profondes dans lesquelles le couplage fluide-structure à l'interface est appliqué de manière synchrone sur la base d'une méthode monolithique. La raideur élémentaire et l'amortissement obtenus à partir de la charge aérodynamique sont couplés avec à ceux obtenus à partir du modèle structurel et ils sont calculés par intégration analytique. En assemblant les matrices élémentaires, nous obtenons les matrices globales de masse, d'amortissement et de raideur de notre plaque puis nous pouvons écrire les équations dynamiques régissant notre problème. Les valeurs propres du système sont calculées selon la méthode réduite. La pression aérodynamique non dimensionnelle critique du flux d'air induisant le flottement de la structure est déterminée pour diverses conditions aux limites et géométries. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés aux travaux de recherche publiés et un très bon accord a été souligné.---------- ABSTRACT In this thesis, a numerical method is presented to study the dynamic behaviour of an isotropic rectangular plate subjected to aerodynamic loads induced by parallel supersonic airflow. A finite element model, based on bi-dimensional polynomial displacement functions and linear Piston theory, is used to study the dynamic behaviour of the solid plate coupled with aerodynamic loads. The developed approach is capable to model flat plates and shallow shells in which the fluid- structure coupling at the interface is applied synchronously based on a monolithic method. The stiffness and damping obtained from aerodynamic load are coupled with those obtained from structural model and they are calculated using analytical integration. By assembling the matrices, we obtain the global mass, damping and stiffness matrices for our plate and then we can write the dynamic equations governing our problem. The eigenvalues of the system are calculated using reduced method. The critical non-dimensional aerodynamic pressure of the airflow inducing flutter of the structure is determined for various boundary conditions and geometries. The obtained results are compared with the published research works and a very good agreement is obtained

Analysis of Longitudinal Cracks in Crest of Doroodzan Dam

Doroodzan earth dam is located in 85 km north western of Shiraz. Because of the unusual seepage flow in the left abutment, in 1992 an impermeable vane was grouted there. Soon after that, obvious changes in water Table profile occurred and simultaneously some incremental number of cracks in left abutment crest was appeared. In present study seepage through left abutment has been analyzed by considering water Table changes. Different phreatic surface line was carried out from recent 20 years in order to find the most vulnerable one. In addition, Seismic loading used to get proper perception of seismic stability. First, by gathering data from piezometric head through the left abutment, most critical phreatic line in left abutment section of dam was observed. Then by using present phreatic surface in numerical modeling of critical section in the left abutment of dam, long term stability of downstream in different situation were calculated. The conditions were changed by increasing the saturation zone and the time which saturation zone stay through the downstream body

Optimization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and shoot regeneration after co-cultivation of cabbage (Brassica oleracea subsp. capitata) cv. KY Cross with AtHSP101 gene

A number of parameters which have been reported to influence genetic transformation via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method were evaluated to increase the frequency of transformation of cabbage (Brassica oleracea subsp. capitata) cv. KY Cross with AtHSP101 gene. The binary vector pCAMHSP was designed and mobilized into two Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains C58 and GV2260. The study was carried out on hypocotyl and shoot tip explants of cabbage cv. KY Cross. Transformation parameters optimized were pre-culture medium, acetosyringone application, bacterial density and inoculation time. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and production of mRNA of AtHSP101 gene were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression of LacZ gene in the transgenic plants also showed that it could be applied as a plant transformation reporter gene in genetic transformation studies. Multiple shoot regeneration of hypocotyl and shoot tip explants of cabbage after co-cultivation with Agrobacterium was optimized and medium containing 2 mg/L BAP was observed to be the best for shoot regeneration after co-cultivation. In this study, 45% and 32.5% transformation efficiencies were achieved for hypocotyl and shoot tip explants, respectively using the optimized procedure

Influence of case definition on incidence and outcome of acute coronary syndromes

© 2016, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Objective: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are common, but their incidence and outcome might depend greatly on how data are collected. We compared case ascertainment rates for ACS and myocardial infarction (MI) in a single institution using several different strategies. Methods: The Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals serve a population of ∼560 000. Patients admitted with ACS to cardiology or general medical wards were identified prospectively by trained nurses during 2005. Patients with a death or discharge code of MI were also identified by the hospital information department and, independently, from Myocardial Infarction National Audit Project (MINAP) records. The hospital laboratory identified all patients with an elevated serum troponin-T (TnT) by contemporary criteria ( > 0.03 μg/L in 2005). Results: The prospective survey identified 1731 admissions (1439 patients) with ACS, including 764 admissions (704 patients) with MIs. The hospital information department reported only 552 admissions (544 patients) with MI and only 206 admissions (203 patients) were reported to the MINAP. Using all 3 strategies, 934 admissions (873 patients) for MI were identified, for which TnT was > 1 μg/L in 443, 0.04-1.0 μg/L in 435, =0.03 μg/L in 19 and not recorded in 37. A further 823 patients had TnT > 0.03 μg/L, but did not have ACS ascertained by any survey method. Of the 873 patients with MI, 146 (16.7%) died during admission and 218 (25.0%) by 1 year, but ranging from 9% for patients enrolled in the MINAP to 27% for those identified by the hospital information department. Conclusions: MINAP and hospital statistics grossly underestimated the incidence of MI managed by our hospital. The 1-year mortality was highly dependent on the method of ascertainment

Plant regeneration of Brassica oleracea sub sp. italica (Broccoli) CV Green Marvel as affected by plant growth regulators

Hypocotyls and shoot tips were used as explants in in vitro plant regeneration of broccoli (Brassica oleracea subsp. italica) cv. Green Marvel. The explants were excised from sterile germinated seedlings and placed on shoot induction medium containing basal salts of Murashige and Skoog (MS) and various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The highest percentage of hypocotyl explant producing shoot (96.67%) and the highest mean number of shoots produced per hypocotyl explant (6.03) were obtained on 3 mgL-1BAP. Meanwhile, the highest percentage of shoot tip explant producing shoot (100%) and highest number of shoot produced per shoot tip explant (3.76) were recorded on 5 mgL-1 BAP. For rooting of shoots, NAA, indoleacetic acid (IAA) and indolebutyric acid (IBA) at 0, 0.2 and 1 mgL-1 were applied. Highest percentage of shoots with roots (100%) and highest mean number of roots produced per shoot (6.5) occurred on medium with 0.2 mgL-1 IBA, while the maximum root length (2.46 cm) was attained on MS medium without plant growth regulator (MSO). Plantlets were successfully acclimatized in potting medium containing peatmoss, perlite, and vermiculite (3:1:1)