Metacognitive reading strategies and the text type

This study purported to see the effect of text type on metacognitive reading strategy use. To this end, the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI) test was used to assess the use of&nbsp;metacognitive strategies and examine the effect of text type (expository and narrative) on these strategies. It also sought to determine to what degree gender, proficiency and motivation could affect the use of this strategy. Results showed that text type is effective in the learners&rsquo; choice of the strategies. Students reading expository text significantly used more metacognitive reading strategies than those reading narrative texts. It was also seen that more proficient students used the strategies more than less proficient ones. Moreover, there was a linear relationship between motivation and metacognitive reading strategies. However, gender had no significant effect on the use of metacognitive strategies.<br /

Assessment of Semantic Adequacy: English Translations of Persian Official Texts in Focus

Translation quality assessment is one of the growing fields of translation studies that focuses on the relationship between the source and target language. This relationship involves vocabulary, grammar, syntax and semantics in both languages. The semantic adequacy of the translation is one of the main concerns of experts in the field of translation. The present study was an attempt to evaluate the semantic adequacy of English translations of Persian official texts done at Iranian accredited translation offices. To this purpose, 90 Persian articles of association done at Iranian accredited offices (in the years 2012-2014), were selected and their quality was measured based on ATA (American Translation Association) framework which includes 22 errors types. Then, the related frequency chart and percentage diagram were devised based on the frequency of errors in each sample. Finally, the total percentage of errors which affects semantic adequacy was calculated. The results revealed that great effort should be made by   Iranian accredited offices translators to reduce the number of errors in the translations of official texts. Actually, it was disclosed that due to the importance of semantic adequacy in translating such texts, translators are in urgent need of continuously enhancing their knowledge of language and translation

Récurrence de mammite clinique chez la vache laitière : incidence, facteurs de risque et impacts

La mammite clinique (MC) est l'une des maladies les plus fréquentes et plus coûteuses touchant les vaches laitièrs. Un des L'aspect frustrant de la MC est sa récurrence. Il n’existe actuellement aucune étude exhaustive sur le risque de récurrence de la MC, les facteurs de risque de cas répétés de MC et ses impacts. Cependant, la récurrence de la MC chez les vaches laitières a été abordée dans de nombreuses études indépendantes. Par conséquent, un examen de portée a été effectué afin de développer des connaissances sur le risque de récurrence de la MC, ses facteurs de risque et ses impacts négatifs. Deux bases de données (PubMed et CAB Abstracts) et une plate-forme de recherche (Web of Science) ont été utilisées pour récupérer de nombreuses publications scientifiques pertinentes publiées en anglais et français après 1989. Cinquante-sept articles ont été sélectionnés pour la synthèse qualitative. Trente-trois, 19 et 37 études choisies inclurent respectivement des descriptions et des données sur les cas récurrents de MC, ses impacts négatifs et ses facteurs de risque. Ensuite, une méta-analyse et une méta-régression ont été effectuées pour calculer le rapport de risque (RR), permettant de comparer le risque de MC chez les vaches ayant subi un cas de MC dans une lactation donnée par rapport au risque de MC chez les vaches en santé. Le nombre total de lactations suivies et le nombre de lactations avec ≤ 1 et ≤ 2 cas de MC ont été rapportés dans neuf études et cette information a été utilisée dans la méta-analyse. Ces neuf études ont ensuite été séparées en deux groupes selon le temps minimum entre deux cas pour considérer qu'un cas subséquent est un nouveau cas ; ceux avec des échéances de 24 heures et de ≥ 5 jours entre deux cas de MC, considérant la prochaine occurrence de MC comme étant un nouveau cas de MC. Pour les études avec d'un délai minimum de seulement 24 heures, les vaches ayant déjà subi un cas de MC dans une lactation donnée avaient un RR de 1,5 fois plus élevé pour une MC récurrente comparativement aux vaches en santé. Cependant, pour les études demandantdes délais ≥ 5 jours entre deux cas de MC, le risque de cas répétés de MC n’était pas différent chez les vaches ayant déjà subi un cas de MC dans une lactation donnée comparativement aux vaches en santé (RR : 0,99, IC à 95 % : 0,86 et 1,1). Dans cette étude, la diminution de la production laitière et le risque accru de décès et de réforme ont été identifiés comme étant des impacts négatifs importants de la MC récurrente. Les vaches laitières âgées, les vaches laitières à haute production laitière et le manque de guérison bactériologique à la suite d’un premier cas de MC ont été identifiés comme étant les plus importants facteurs de risque de la MC récurrente. Une meilleure compréhension concernant les caractéristiques des vaches et des agents pathogènes associés à la récurrence des événements de MC pourrait éventuellement aider à contrôler ces événements récurrents, à réduire les coûts associés et à diminuer les quantités d'antibiotiques utilisées dans les fermes laitières. De plus, l'acquisition de ces connaissances pourrait également être utile pour prédire la probabilité d'un événement récurrent de MC et pourrait par conséquent être utile pour développer des outils servant à formuler les décisions de gestion des producteurs laitiers concernant la MC.Clinical mastitis (CM) is one of the most common and most costly diseases of dairy cows in dairy herds. A frustrating aspect of CM is its recurrent nature. Currently, no study has reported in an exhaustive and comprehensive manner information about risk of recurrent CM, risk factors for CM recurrence and its impacts. However, the information about CM recurrence in dairy cows were investigated in many, but disconnected studies. Therefore, a scoping review was conducted to synthesize knowledge on risk of recurrent CM, its risk factors, and negative impacts. Two databases (PubMed and CAB Abstracts), and one search platform (Web of Science) were searched to identify relevant English or French scientific literature published after 1989. Fifty-seven articles were selected for qualitative synthesis. Description of recurrent CM, its negative impacts, and risk factors were reported in 33, 19, and 37 selected studies, respectively. Then, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis were applied to compute risk ratio (RR) comparing risk of CM in cows that experienced one CM case in the current lactation to risk of CM of healthy cows. The total number of lactations followed and the number of lactations with ≤ 1 and ≤ 2 CM cases were reported in nine studies and the information was used in meta-analysis. These nine studies were then separated into two groups based on recurrent CM definition; those requiring only 24 h and those requiring ≥ 5 d between two CM cases to consider a CM case as a new CM event. For studies requiring only 24 h, cows that already had one CM case in the current lactation had a 1.5 times higher RR for recurrent CM than healthy cows. However, for studies using ≥ 5 d between two CM cases, risk of repeated cases of CM was not different in cows that suffered one CM case in a given lactation as compared with healthy cows (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.1). In this study, milk yield reduction and increased risk of mortality and culling were identified as important negative impacts of recurrent CM. Moreover, the most important CM recurrence risk factors were older dairy cow, high-producing dairy cow, and not having cure of treatment following initial CM case. A better understanding of the cow’s, pathogens’ and herd’s characteristics associated with recurrent CM events may possibly help controlling these recurrent events, decrease the associated costs as well as reduce amounts of antibiotics used on dairy farms. Moreover, these knowledges may be also useful in predicting the probability of a repeated CM event and could, therefore, be used to develop tools to inform dairy producer’s CM-related management decisions

Impact of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction (Cs) in the Online Service

ABSTRACT Service quality is an important issue in service management and is a function of the differences between expectation and performance along an established set of quality dimensions. Considerable research has focused on the nature of service quality, and there is general acceptance that service quality is composed of a number of underlying dimensions. However, there is a lack of agreement on the exact nature of these dimensions. Five main dimensions of service quality include tangibles, reliability, responsibility, assurance and empathy. This study generally aims to examine the impact of Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) service quality on customer satisfaction (CS) in the online service. Specifically, the objectives of this study are (i) examining the relationship between the dimensions of SSM service quality and the level of satisfaction for counter service and (ii)exploring the level of satisfaction for SSM counter service. To achieve the purpose of the study, a validated questionnaire was administered in six areas of Malaysia namely Head Quarter, Kuala Lumpur, Putra Jaya, Selangor, Sunway Putra Mall, and UTC KL. The design of this research was a survey study and, in total, 525 questionnaires were collected. The collected questionnaires were analyzed using Statistical SPSS Software Version 18.0. Both descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (correlation and multiple regression analysis) were used for analyzing the data. The results showed that the majority of the respondents agreed with the SSM&quot;s counter services. Moreover, there was a strong, positive correlation between all the dimensions of SSM service quality in the areas of study

Consanguineous Marriage as a Risk Factor for Developing Keratoconus

Heredity plays an important role in keratoconus (KC). Consanguineous marriage (CM) can affect the transmission of recessively inherited conditions. We aimed to investigate the role of consanguineous marriage in the development of KC. This study included two groups: the first group comprised 415 patients who underwent surgery for KC for the first time at Khalili University Hospital (Shiraz, Iran), between 2010 and 2014; the second group comprised 415 healthy individuals who served as age- and sex-matched controls for the patient group. All study subjects were from the Fars province in Iran. CM type was evaluated by a standard checklist in both groups. The mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was evaluated and compared between the two groups. The percentage of parental first-cousin marriages was 35.4% in the patient group and 18.3% in the control group. The mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was 0.0291 in the patient group and 0.0135 in the control group. Patients with KC had a significantly higher mean inbreeding coefficient (α) than controls (T = 8, df = 828, P &lt; 0.001). Our study suggests that CM can play a role in the pathogenesis of KC. As this disease is among the most frequent ocular disorders in our country, CM should be considered by health care systems within their screening programs

Consanguineous Marriage as a Risk Factor for Developing Keratoconus

Heredity plays an important role in keratoconus (KC). Consanguineous marriage (CM) can affect the transmission of recessively inherited conditions. We aimed to investigate the role of consanguineous marriage in the development of KC. This study included two groups: the first group comprised 415 patients who underwent surgery for KC for the first time at Khalili University Hospital (Shiraz, Iran), between 2010 and 2014; the second group comprised 415 healthy individuals who served as age- and sex-matched controls for the patient group. All study subjects were from the Fars province in Iran. CM type was evaluated by a standard checklist in both groups. The mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was evaluated and compared between the two groups. The percentage of parental first-cousin marriages was 35.4% in the patient group and 18.3% in the control group. The mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was 0.0291 in the patient group and 0.0135 in the control group. Patients with KC had a significantly higher mean inbreeding coefficient (α) than controls (T = 8, df = 828, P &lt; 0.001). Our study suggests that CM can play a role in the pathogenesis of KC. As this disease is among the most frequent ocular disorders in our country, CM should be considered by health care systems within their screening programs

Evaluation of parenteral nutritional support in the surgical and medical wards of a referral teaching hospital

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Malnutrition is a common problem in patients who are hospitalized in surgical and medical wards. Surgical patients, geriatric populations and individuals with severe illness are more vulnerable to malnutrition during their hospitalization course. The purpose of this study was evaluation of parenteral nutrition services in a referral teaching hospital, Tehran, Iran. METHOD: Medical records of 72 patients who received parenteral nutrition during one year period in different surgical and medical wards of Imam Khomeini hospital were reviewed retrospectively by clinical pharmacists. Criteria for initiation of parenteral nutrition, selection of appropriate formulation and monitoring parameters were assessed based on the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition recommendations. RESULTS: Based on the patients' anthropometric parameters and serum albumin levels, 4.2%, 75% and 20.8% of the patients were well-nourished, moderately malnourished and severely malnourished respectively at the hospital admission and before nutritional support. Adequate calorie, protein, carbohydrate and lipid supports were achieved in 21.1%, 32.4%, 23.7% and 10.5% of the patients respectively. About 91% of the patients experienced at least one complication of the nutritional support. CONCLUSION: In this evaluation, several errors in assessment, establishing goals, and monitoring of parenteral nutrition regimens have been detected. Approximately all of the patients did not receive to the trace elements supports goals

A Schedule of Duties in the Cloud Space Using a Modified Salp Swarm Algorithm

Cloud computing is a concept introduced in the information technology era, with the main components being the grid, distributed, and valuable computing. The cloud is being developed continuously and, naturally, comes up with many challenges, one of which is scheduling. A schedule or timeline is a mechanism used to optimize the time for performing a duty or set of duties. A scheduling process is accountable for choosing the best resources for performing a duty. The main goal of a scheduling algorithm is to improve the efficiency and quality of the service while at the same time ensuring the acceptability and effectiveness of the targets. The task scheduling problem is one of the most important NP-hard issues in the cloud domain and, so far, many techniques have been proposed as solutions, including using genetic algorithms (GAs), particle swarm optimization, (PSO), and ant colony optimization (ACO). To address this problem, in this paper, one of the collective intelligence algorithms, called the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), has been expanded, improved, and applied. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been compared with that of GAs, PSO, continuous ACO, and the basic SSA. The results show that our algorithm has generally higher performance than the other algorithms. For example, compared to the basic SSA, the proposed method has an average reduction of approximately 21% in makespan.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, 2023 IFIP International Internet of Things Conference. Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Texas, US