Water-Soluble Phosphated Graphene: Preparation, Characterization, Catalytic Reactivity, and Adsorption Property

An efficient method for the preparation of water-soluble phosphated graphene for the first time is developed. Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized through a modified Hummers’ method and functionalized by phosphate groups with phosphorus trichloride and triethylamine in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The morphology and chemical structure of phosphorylated graphene oxide (PGO) and heat-treated PGO (PGO-400) were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, analytical X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, diffuse-reflectance spectrometry, thermogravimetric analyses, differential thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda methods, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The acidity of PGO and PGO-400 was measured by a back-titration method. PGO-400 offers extraordinary electronic and thermal properties, cation-exchange capacity, and water dispersibility. The combination of cation-exchange capacity and water dispersibility of PGO-400 offers a variety of applications in organic synthesis and adsorbent sciences

Covalent Modification of Graphene Oxide with Vitamin B1: Preparation, Characterization, and Catalytic Reactivity for Synthesis of Benzimidazole Derivatives

The GO-VB1 catalyst has successfully synthesized in current research with strong covalent bonds between GO and VB1. This catalyst with covalent bonds has a higher thermal stability in different reaction conditions as compared to the other catalysts with nonspecific adsorption to the substrate. GO-VB1 catalyst showed high catalytic activities in benzimidazole synthesis and could be recycled and reused several times without noticeable loss of activity. GO-VB1 is proper for high-yielding preparations and could be used for more catalytic applications. The morphology and chemical structure of GO-VB1 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses