prevalence of diarrhea after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients refer to ghazvin velayat hospital in 1394

Background: Due to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is common , and one of the complications after this operation is Diarrhea , therefore Investigation the relationship between diarrhea with Factors aggrevating or causing it , are Important and Practical. Diarrhea can be reduced and controled with control and considering these factors. Methods: In this prospective study , 88 patients with chronic Cholecystitis ( Billiary Colic) in 2015 & 2016 for the Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy were referred to Qazvin Velayat Hospital were studied. As pre oprative and post oprative history and laboratories , sonography , age , sex , low fat diet using , diarrhea , drug use ,... were received 10-15 days after opration. Then we compare incident of diarrhea with age , sex , diet , antibiotic use ,…data by SPSS and using chi square , T-Test were analyzed. Results: 88 patients with mean age 42.19±14.4 with majority 79.5% of women were studied. The result showed a prevalence of 11.4% diarrhea 10-15 days after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. The relationship of post Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy diarrhea ( PLCD ¹) with sex and inflamation of Gall bladder , law fat diet had P-Value<0.05 and therefore without meaningful relationship. Relationship of PLCD with age ( P=0.033) had been showed . PLCD was more in lower mean age 33.10 years old in relate to without diarrhea mean age 43.36 years old. Conclusions: Due to the no relation of PLCD with low fat diet , patients can use normal diet after PLC² and PLCD is more common in mean age 33.1 in ralation to no diarrhea after PLC with mean age 43.36 years old. 1 . post Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy diarrhea 2 . post Laparoscopic Cholecystectom

Origin of tourmaline in micaschists of ‎Gol-e-Gohar metamorphic complex from south-eastern Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (Baft, Kerman Province)‎

In Gol-e-Gohar micaschists from south-east Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (Kerman province), there are tourmaline crystals which are enriched in  Mg and Na (Mg: 1.830 a.p.f.u and Na: 0.680 a.p.f.u), and so, they are dravite in compositions belonging  to alkaline series. The delineated combinational profiles from core to rim from  these tourmalines display a weak compositional zoning. Evidences such as the existence of quartz inclusions in these minerals, equilibriated boundaries between the tourmalines and biotites in all cases and the orientation of some tourmaline crystals along with other metapelite-forming minerals and weak chemical zoning in them indicate that they formed during or after acting tectonic forces and metamorphic events. Moreover, chemical composition of the studied tourmalines, such as

Integrated Network Analysis to Identify Key Modules and Potential Hub Genes Involved in Bovine Respiratory Disease: A Systems Biology Approach

Background: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most common disease in the beef and dairy cattle industry. BRD is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between environmental stressors and infectious agents. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying BRD are not fully understood yet. Therefore, this study aimed to use a systems biology approach to systematically evaluate this disorder to better understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for BRD. Methods: Previously published RNA-seq data from whole blood of 18 healthy and 25 BRD samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and then analyzed. Next, two distinct methods of weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), i.e., module–trait relationships (MTRs) and module preservation (MP) analysis were used to identify significant highly correlated modules with clinical traits of BRD and non-preserved modules between healthy and BRD samples, respectively. After identifying respective modules by the two mentioned methods of WGCNA, functional enrichment analysis was performed to extract the modules that are biologically related to BRD. Gene coexpression networks based on the hub genes from the candidate modules were then integrated with protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks to identify hub–hub genes and potential transcription factors (TFs). Results: Four significant highly correlated modules with clinical traits of BRD as well as 29 non-preserved modules were identified by MTRs and MP methods, respectively. Among them, two significant highly correlated modules (identified by MTRs) and six nonpreserved modules (identified by MP) were biologically associated with immune response, pulmonary inflammation, and pathogenesis of BRD. After aggregation of gene coexpression networks based on the hub genes with PPI networks, a total of 307 hub–hub genes were identified in the eight candidate modules. Interestingly, most of these hub–hub genes were reported to play an important role in the immune response and BRD pathogenesis. Among the eight candidate modules, the turquoise (identified by MTRs) and purple (identified by MP) modules were highly biologically enriched in BRD. Moreover, STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, IRF7, and IRF9 TFs were suggested to play an important role in the immune system during BRD by regulating the coexpressed genes of these modules. Additionally, a gene set containing several hub–hub genes was identified in the eight candidate modules, such as TLR2, TLR4, IL10, SOCS3, GZMB, ANXA1, ANXA5, PTEN, SGK1, IFI6, ISG15, MX1, MX2, OAS2, IFIH1, DDX58, DHX58, RSAD2, IFI44, IFI44L, EIF2AK2, ISG20, IFIT5, IFITM3, OAS1Y, HERC5, and PRF1, which are potentially critical during infection with agents of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). Conclusion: This study not only helps us to better understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for BRD but also suggested eight candidate modules along with several promising hub–hub genes as diagnosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BRD

Iranian clinical practice guideline for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegeneration involving motor neurons. The 3–5 years that patients have to live is marked by day-to-day loss of motor and sometimes cognitive abilities. Enormous amounts of healthcare services and resources are necessary to support patients and their caregivers during this relatively short but burdensome journey. Organization and management of these resources need to best meet patients' expectations and health system efficiency mandates. This can only occur in the setting of multidisciplinary ALS clinics which are known as the gold standard of ALS care worldwide. To introduce this standard to the care of Iranian ALS patients, which is an inevitable quality milestone, a national ALS clinical practice guideline is the necessary first step. The National ALS guideline will serve as the knowledge base for the development of local clinical pathways to guide patient journeys in multidisciplinary ALS clinics. To this end, we gathered a team of national neuromuscular experts as well as experts in related specialties necessary for delivering multidisciplinary care to ALS patients to develop the Iranian ALS clinical practice guideline. Clinical questions were prepared in the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) format to serve as a guide for the literature search. Considering the lack of adequate national/local studies at this time, a consensus-based approach was taken to evaluate the quality of the retrieved evidence and summarize recommendations

Iranian clinical practice guideline for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegeneration involving motor neurons. The 3-5 years that patients have to live is marked by day-to-day loss of motor and sometimes cognitive abilities. Enormous amounts of healthcare services and resources are necessary to support patients and their caregivers during this relatively short but burdensome journey. Organization and management of these resources need to best meet patients' expectations and health system efficiency mandates. This can only occur in the setting of multidisciplinary ALS clinics which are known as the gold standard of ALS care worldwide. To introduce this standard to the care of Iranian ALS patients, which is an inevitable quality milestone, a national ALS clinical practice guideline is the necessary first step. The National ALS guideline will serve as the knowledge base for the development of local clinical pathways to guide patient journeys in multidisciplinary ALS clinics. To this end, we gathered a team of national neuromuscular experts as well as experts in related specialties necessary for delivering multidisciplinary care to ALS patients to develop the Iranian ALS clinical practice guideline. Clinical questions were prepared in the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) format to serve as a guide for the literature search. Considering the lack of adequate national/local studies at this time, a consensus-based approach was taken to evaluate the quality of the retrieved evidence and summarize recommendations