ENERGY SUPPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES FOR WHEAT PASTURE STOCKER CATTLE UNDER UNCERTAIN FORAGE AVAILABILITY

Energy supplementation provides a means of reducing production risk of growing stocker cattle on winter wheat pasture. This study addresses the issue of risk aversion and energy supplement input use. Differences in supplementation practices induced by risk aversion and the effects of cattle and feed market conditions are examined. Results show that supplementation practices are likely to be similar across producers, irrespective of their risk attitudes. Cattle and feed market conditions, however, markedly affect supplementation practices. These findings provide information for assisting stockmen in identifying efficient supplement strategies.Risk, Wheat pasture grazing, Numerical integration, Energy supplementation, Livestock Production/Industries,

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND LEASE ARRANGEMENTS USED BY OKLAHOMA WHEAT, WHEAT PASTURE, AND WHEAT PASTURE LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS

Winter wheat is grown for three purposes in the Southern Plains, grain-only, forage-only, and as a dual-purpose forage plus grain crop. The USDA's wheat cropping practices survey does not differentiate among the three uses. Little information on actual production practices across use is available. Results of a survey are presented.Crop Production/Industries,

Optimal Grazing Termination Date for Dual-Purpose Winter Wheat Production

Dual-purpose winter wheat (fall-winter forage plus grain) production is an important economic enterprise in the southern Great Plains. Grazing termination to enable grain production is a critical decision. The objective is to determine the optimal grazing termination date for dual-purpose wheat. The value of knowing the occurrence of first hollow stem (FHS), a wheat growth threshold for grazing termination, is also determined. Results indicate that for most price situations grazing should be terminated at or before FHS. Marginal wheat returns from extended grazing were negative and the value of FHS information ranges from $1.50 to$10 per acre.dual-purpose, first hollow stem, plateau function, stocker cattle, value of information, wheat, Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Q12, Q16,

First hollow stem: A critical wheat growth stage for dual-purpose producers

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

DERIVATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF A STOCHASTIC LIVESTOCK WEIGHT GAIN RESPONSE TO STOCKING DENSITY MODEL

Dual-purpose winter wheat production is an important economic enterprise in the southern Great Plains of the United States. Because of the complex interactions involved in producing wheat grain and beef gain from a single crop, stocking density is an important decision. The objective of the research is to determine the stocking density that maximizes expected net returns from dual-purpose winter wheat production. Statistical tests rejected a conventional linear-response plateau function in favor of a linear-response stochastic plateau function. The optimal stocking density of 1.48 steers per hectare (0.60 steers per acre) is 19% greater with a stochastic plateau than with a nonstochastic one.Livestock Production/Industries,

Ammoniation of low quality roughages

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Effect of stocker management program on beef cattle skeletal muscle growth characteristics, satellite cell activity, and paracrine signaling impact on preadipocyte differentiation

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different stocker management programs on skeletal muscle development and growth characteristics, satellite cell (SC) activity in growing-finishing beef cattle as well as the effects of SC-conditioned media on preadipocyte gene expression and differentiation. Fall-weaned Angus steers (n = 76; 258 ± 28 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 stocker production systems: 1) grazing dormant native range (NR) supplemented with a 40% CP cottonseed meal-based supplement (1.02 kg ∙ steer–1 ∙ d–1) followed by long-season summer grazing (CON, 0.46 kg/d); 2) grazing dormant NR supplemented with a ground corn and soybean meal-based supplement fed at 1% of BW followed by short-season summer grazing (CORN, 0.61 kg/d); 3) grazing winter wheat pasture (WP) at high stocking density (3.21 steers/ha) to achieve a moderate rate of gain (LGWP, 0.83 kg/d); and 4) grazing winter WP at low stocking density (0.99 steers/ha) to achieve a high rate of gain (HGWP, 1.29 kg/d). At the end of the stocker (intermediate harvest, IH) and finishing (final harvest, FH) phases, 4 steers / treatment were harvested and longissimus muscles (LM) sampled for cryohistological immunofluorescence analysis and SC culture assays. At IH, WP steers had greater LM fiber cross-sectional area than NR steers; however, at FH, the opposite was observed (p \u3c 0.0001). At IH, CORN steers had the lowest Myf-5+:Pax7+ SC density (p = 0.020), while LGWP steers had the most Pax7+ SC (p = 0.043). At FH, CON steers had the highest LM capillary density (p = 0.003) and their cultured SC differentiated more readily than all other treatments (p = 0.017). At FH, Pax7 mRNA was more abundant in 14 d-old SC cultures from HGWP cattle (p = 0.03). Preadipocytes exposed to culture media from proliferating SC cultures from WP cattle isolated at FH had more PPARγ (p = 0.037) and less FABP4 (p = 0.030) mRNA expression compared with NR cattle. These data suggest that different stocker management strategies can impact skeletal muscle growth, SC function, and potentially impact marbling development in growing-finishing beef cattle

Agribusiness management series: Effect of grazing past first hollow stem on wheat and stocker profits

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

The effect of extended stocker grazing on wheat and stocker profits

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Genetic trends in winter wheat yield and test weight under dual-purpose and grain-only management systems

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of the southern Great Plains are traditionally bred in environments managed for grain production only but are commonly grown for the dual-purpose of producing winter forage and grain from the same crop. To what extent grain yield and test weight are consistently expressed in those environments requires investigation relative to long-term attempts to improve them genetically. A historical set of hard red winter (HRW) wheat cultivars was evaluated under grain-only and dual-purpose management systems to compare their agronomic performance and derived estimates of genetic progress. Separate experiments were established for each system featuring whole-plot treatments of a foliar fungicide and split-plot treatments of 12 cultivars. The study was conducted for 3 yr at the Wheat Pasture Res. Ctr. near Marshall, OK. Dual-purpose experiments were generally grazed from November through February. Yield in the grain-only system improved 18.8 kg ha^-1 yr^-1, equivalent to 1.3% of the mean yield for Turkey. The rate of progress in the dual-purpose system was significantly lower at 11.3 kg ha^-1 yr^-1, equivalent to 0.9% of the mean for Turkey. Management for grazing had a more profound influence on estimates of yield improvement than did management for disease protection. Linear trends in test weight were not evident under either system, nor were cultivar differences influenced by management system consistently across years. Breeding practices should emphasize selection for grain yield in both environments if future progress is to be maximized in both.Peer reviewedPlant and Soil SciencesAnimal Scienc