Ektaphelenchoides winteri n. sp. (Nematoda : Ektaphelenchidae) from wood fly larvae Xylodiplosis sp. (Diptera : Cecidomyidae)

Des adultes et des juvéniles d'#Ektaphelenchoides winteri n.sp. ont été récoltés, attachés par leur stylet au tégument de larves de #Xylodiplosis sp. venant de sortir de troncs d'arbres fraîchement coupés. Chez les mâles, les spicules sont saillants et la distance apex-rostre est plus longue que la distance rostre-extrémité postérieure; l'extrémité de la queue est pourvue d'un mucron tubulaire, bien détaché, long de 4-11 micromètres. Les mâles mesurent 540-764 micromètres et les femelles 993-1350 micromètres; le stylet, dépourvu de boutons basaux, est long de 19-26 micromètres. Le contenu intestinal des nématodes - et particulièrement celui du sac intestinal postérieur de la femelle - est de couleur rose ce qui correspond à celle de l'hémolymphe des larves de #Xylodiplosis$ sp. (Résumé d'auteur

Aphelenchoides nechaleos n. sp. and A. paranechaleos n. sp. (Nematoda : Aphelenchoididae) from rice plants

#Aphelenchoides nechaleos n. sp. et #A. paranechaleos n. sp. provenant à l'origine de tiges de riz de Sierra Leone et du Vietnam, respectivement, sont décrits et figurés. Leur aspect général et leur biologie sont très semblables à ceux de #A. besseyi$ Christie, 1942, mais les femelles des deux espèces nouvelles ne possèdent qu'un seul mucron caudal, simple, et un sac post-vulvaire plus long ; les spicules sont plus robustes et comportent une extrémité en crochet ; le mucron terminal de la queue du mâle est semblable à celui de la femelle. Ces deux nouvelles espèces sont presque identiques, ne se séparant que par la forme de la queue de la femelle et la courbure des spicules. L'une et l'autre espèces nagent vigoureusement dans l'eau, peuvent être facilement élevées et, dans une certaine limite, survivre à la dessication. (Résumé d'auteur

Endocrine therapy in prostate cancer: time for reappraisal of risks, benefits and cost-effectiveness?

In the 70 years following the first description of the benefits of surgical castration, despite advances in medical therapy e.g. cabazitaxel, enzalutamide, abiraterone, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the cornerstone of treatment for advanced prostate cancer. However, with increasing numbers of men undergoing PSA testing, the disease is being diagnosed earlier and the costs of ADT, with uncertain survival benefits and associated risks, have risen dramatically. Clinical studies of potent novel agents have shown survival benefits in advanced disease, but timing, risks and cost-effectiveness of treatment remain controversial. As new agents enter clinical practice, a comprehensive research strategy is essential to optimise benefits whilst minimising harm

Pasteurella multocida infections: Report of 34 cases and review of the literature

Pasteurella multocida, a small gram-negative coccobacillus, is part of the normal oral flora of many animals, including the cat and dog. P. multocida is a major pathogen in wound infections due to animal bites and can cause cellutitis, abscess, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or a variety of other infectious syndromes (Table 1). Over the years, P. multocida has been the subject of a number of short general reviews (74, 80, 91, 96, 158). More recently, reviews have focused on selected aspects of P. multocida infection including meningitis (44), empyema (112), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (160), bone and joint infections (56), and septicemia (111). A large series of cases with a comprehensive review, however, has not been published. We therefore report here 34 cases from the Massachusetts General Hospital and review the English literature

Astrophysical Uncertainties in the Cosmic Ray Electron and Positron Spectrum From Annihilating Dark Matter

In recent years, a number of experiments have been conducted with the goal of studying cosmic rays at GeV to TeV energies. This is a particularly interesting regime from the perspective of indirect dark matter detection. To draw reliable conclusions regarding dark matter from cosmic ray measurements, however, it is important to first understand the propagation of cosmic rays through the magnetic and radiation fields of the Milky Way. In this paper, we constrain the characteristics of the cosmic ray propagation model through comparison with observational inputs, including recent data from the CREAM experiment, and use these constraints to estimate the corresponding uncertainties in the spectrum of cosmic ray electrons and positrons from dark matter particles annihilating in the halo of the Milky Way.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figure

Decaying Hidden Dark Matter in Warped Compactification

The recent PAMELA and ATIC/Fermi/HESS experiments have observed an excess of electrons and positrons, but not anti-protons, in the high energy cosmic rays. To explain this result, we construct a decaying hidden dark matter model in string theory compactification that incorporates the following two ingredients, the hidden dark matter scenario in warped compactification and the phenomenological proposal of hidden light particles that decay to the Standard Model. In this model, on higher dimensional warped branes, various warped Kaluza-Klein particles and the zero-mode of gauge field play roles of the hidden dark matter or mediators to the Standard Model.Comment: 15 pages; v4, several clarifications added, update on Fermi/HESS result