3,634 research outputs found
Quantum Gravity as a Dissipative Deterministic System
It is argued that the so-called holographic principle will obstruct attempts
to produce physically realistic models for the unification of general
relativity with quantum mechanics, unless determinism in the latter is
restored. The notion of time in GR is so different from the usual one in
elementary particle physics that we believe that certain versions of hidden
variable theories can -- and must -- be revived. A completely natural procedure
is proposed, in which the dissipation of information plays an essential role.
Unlike earlier attempts, it allows us to use strictly continuous and
differentiable classical field theories as a starting point (although discrete
variables, leading to fermionic degrees of freedom, are also welcome), and we
show how an effective Hilbert space of quantum states naturally emerges when
one attempts to describe the solutions statistically. Our theory removes some
of the mysteries of the holographic principle; apparently non-local features
are to be expected when the quantum degrees of freedom of the world are
projected onto a lower-dimensional black hole horizon. Various examples and
models illustrate the points we wish to make, notably a model showing that
massless, non interacting neutrinos are deterministic.Comment: 20 pages plain TeX, 2 figures PostScript. Added some further
explanations, and the definitions of `beable' and `changeable'. A minor error
correcte
Subcritical String and Large N QCD
We pursue the possibility of using subcritical string theory in 4 space-time
dimensions to establish a string dual for large N QCD. In particular we study
the even G-parity sector of the 4 dimensional Neveu-Schwarz dual resonance
model as the natural candidate for this string theory. Our point of view is
that the open string dynamics given by this model will {\it determine} the
appropriate subcritical closed string theory, a tree level background of which
should describe the sum of planar multi-loop open string diagrams. We examine
the one loop open string diagram, which contains information about the closed
string spectrum at weak coupling. Higher loop open string diagrams will be
needed to determine closed string interactions. We also analyze the field
theory limit of the one loop open string diagram and recover the correct
running coupling behavior of the limiting gauge theory.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, error in eqs 46 and 47 correcte
Quantization of Point Particles in 2+1 Dimensional Gravity and Space-Time Discreteness
By investigating the canonical commutation rules for gravitating quantized
particles in a 2+1 dimensional world it is found that these particles live on a
space-time lattice. The space-time lattice points can be characterized by three
integers. Various representations are possible, the details depending on the
topology chosen for energy-momentum space. We find that an
topology yields a physically most interesting lattice within which first
quantization of Dirac particles is possible. An topology also gives a
lattice, but does not allow first quantized particles.Comment: 23 pages Plain TeX, 3 Figure
Observational Constraints on Transverse Gravity: a Generalization of Unimodular Gravity
We explore the hypothesis that the set of symmetries enjoyed by the theory
that describes gravity is not the full group of diffeomorphisms Diff(M), as in
General Relativity, but a maximal subgroup of it, TransverseDiff(M), with its
elements having a jacobian equal to unity; at the infinitesimal level, the
parameter describing the coordinate change, xi^mu (x), is transverse, i.e.,
partial_mu(xi^mu)=0. Incidentally, this is the smaller symmetry one needs to
propagate consistently a graviton, which is a great theoretical motivation for
considering these theories. Also, the determinant of the metric, g, behaves as
a "transverse scalar", so that these theories can be seen as a generalization
of the better-known unimodular gravity. We present our results on the
observational constraints on transverse gravity, in close relation with the
claim of equivalence with general scalar-tensor theory. We also comment on the
structure of the divergences of the quantum theory to the one-loop order.Comment: Prepared for the First Mediterranean Conference on Classical and
Quantum Gravity, MCCQG, Kolymbari (Crete, Greece), 14-18 September, 2009;
also, ERE2009: Gravitation in the Large, Bilbao (Spain), 7-11 September, 200
Polygon model from first order gravity
The gauge fixed polygon model of 2+1 gravity with zero cosmological constant
and arbitrary number of spinless point particles is reconstructed from the
first order formalism of the theory in terms of the triad and the spin
connection. The induced symplectic structure is calculated and shown to agree
with the canonical one in terms of the variables.Comment: 20 pages, presentation improved, typos correcte
Black Hole Entropy: a spacetime foam approach
The spacetime foam structure is reviewed briefly (topogical fluctuations and
virtual black hole possibility; equation of state of the foam). A model of
space foam at the surface of the event horizon is introduced. The model is
applied to the calculus of the number of states of a black hole, of its entropy
and of other thermodynamical properties. A formula for the number of microholes
on the surface of the event horizon is derived. Thermodynamical properties of
the event horizon are extended to thermodynamical properties of the space. On
the basis of the previous results, the possibility of micro black holes
creation by the Unruh Effect is investigated.Comment: 23 pages, no figures, postscript file gzipped,to be published in
Classical and Quantum Gravity, July 199
Elaborations on the String Dual to N=1 SQCD
In this paper we make further refinements to the duality proposed between N=1
SQCD and certain string (supergravity plus branes) backgrounds, working in the
regime of comparable large number of colors and flavors. Using the string
theory solutions, we predict different field theory observables and phenomena
like Seiberg duality, gauge coupling and its running, the behavior of Wilson
and 't Hooft loops, anomalous dimensions of the quark superfields, quartic
superpotential coupling and its running, continuous and discrete anomaly
matching. We also give evidence for the smooth interpolation between higgsed
and confining vacua. We provide several matchings between field theory and
string theory computations.Comment: 44 pages, 6 figures. References added, minor rewritings, published
versio
Witten-Veneziano from Green-Schwarz
We consider the U(1) problem within the AdS/CFT framework. We explain how the
Witten-Veneziano formula for the eta' mass is related to a generalized
Green-Schwarz mechanism. The closed string mode, that cancels the anomaly of
the gauged U(1) axial symmetry, is identified with the eta' meson. In a
particular set-up of D3-branes on a C3/(Z3xZ3) orbifold singularity, the eta'
meson is a twisted-sector R-R field.Comment: 10 pages, LaTex. 1 eps figure. v2: minor changes, refs. added, to
appear in JHE
Computation of the Vortex Free Energy in SU(2) Gauge Theory
We present the first measurement of the vortex free-energy order parameter at
weak coupling for SU(2) in simulations employing multihistogram methods. The
result shows that the excitation probability for a sufficiently thick vortex in
the vacuum tends to unity. This is rigorously known to provide a necessary and
sufficient condition for maintaining confinement at weak coupling in SU(N)
gauge theories.Comment: 7 pages, LaTeX with 3 eps figures, minor changes, replacement of Fig.
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