Association of Antioxidative Enzymes Polymorphisms with Efficacy of Platin and Fluorouracil-Based Adjuvant Therapy in Gastric Cancer

Background/Aims: Imbalance of oxidative/antioxidative enzymes in cells is associated with carcinogenesis and cancer cell chemoresistance. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical significance of potentially functional single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) in antioxidative enzymes, GPxs and CAT, in stages II and III gastric cancer patients. Methods: A total of 591 gastric cancer patients who had radical gastrectomy were recruited. 207 patients received platinum and fluorouracil-based (PF-based) adjuvant chemotherapy and 384 patients were untreated. GPx1 rs1050450, GPx2 rs4902346, GPx3 rs736775, rs3828599 and CAT rs769218 were genotyped in the DNA samples extracted from paraffin-embedded tumor tissue. Results: CAT rs769218 was significantly correlated with the overall survival (OS) in the dominant model (P = 0.014). Multivariate analysis revealed that CAT rs769218 GA/AA (HR, 0.715; 95%CI, 0.562-0.910, P = 0.006) was an independent prognostic marker indicating improved survival. After adjustments, GPx3 rs736775 TC/CC was significantly associated with improved OS (HR, 0.621; 95%CI, 0.399-0.965; P=0.034) in patients treated with PF-based adjuvant chemotherapy, and CAT rs769218 GA/AA was significantly associated with improved OS (HR, 0.646; 95% CI, 0.482-0.864; P = 0.003) in the untreated patients. PF-based chemotherapy significantly decreased risk of death for patients carrying GPx3 rs736775 TC/CC and age ≤ 60 years or with diffused type adenocarcinoma compared to surgery alone. Conclusion: our findings suggested CAT rs769218 and GPx3 rs736775 may be considered as prognostic markers in gastric cancer. Patient stratification by GPx3 rs736775 and conventional pathological parameters may provide additional predictive information in treatment decision-making

Identification of a novel prognostic signature correlated with epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, N6‐methyladenosine modification, and immune infiltration in colorectal cancer

Abstract Objective Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a commonly diagnosed human malignancy worldwide. Both epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification play a crucial role in CRC development. This study aimed to construct a prognostic signature based on the genes related to EMT and m6A modification. Method Firstly, the mRNA expression profiling of CRC tissues was analyzed using TCGA and GEO databases. The prognostic hub genes related to EMT and m6A modification were selected using weighted correlation network and cox regression analysis. The prognostic signature was constructed based on hub genes, followed by validation in three external cohorts. Finally, the expression of the representative hub gene was detected in clinical samples, and its biological role was investigated using assays in vivo and in vitro. Results A prognostic signature was constructed using the following genes: YAP1, FAM3C, NUBPL, GLO1, JARID2, NFKB1, CDKN1B, HOOK1, and GIPC2. The signature effectively stratified the clinical outcome of CRC patients in the training cohort and two validation cohorts. The subgroup analysis demonstrated the signature could identify high‐risk population from CRC patients within stage I‐II or III‐IV, female, male and elder patients. The signature was correlated with the infiltration of some immune cells (such as macrophage and regulatory T cells) and gene mutation counts. Finally, the hub gene GIPC2 was found to be downregulated in CRC tissues and most CRC cells lines. GIPC2 overexpression inhibited the malignant characteristics of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo through upregulating E‐cadherin and downregulating N‐cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail, while the opposite results were observed for GIPC2 knockdown in CRC cells. Conclusion Our present study for the first time constructed a novel prognostic signature related to EMT, m6A modification, and immune infiltration for CRC risk stratification. In addition, GIPC2 is identified as a promising clinical biomarker or therapeutical target for CRC

Study on the Fruit Quality of Different Canopy and Tree Shapes of Huangguogan Citrus

In this paper, Shimian yellow citrus fruit was used as material to study the differences of HuangGuo citrus fruit strains by sampling, measuring and analyzing the fruit quality according to different shapes and canopy. The results showed that: in the yellow fruit citrus plants fruit quality was better than the performance of the lower part of the upper canopy, appearance quality did not change significantly, little difference; intrinsic quality significantly different soluble solids and sugar content than other obvious difference; round tree fruit quality was better than natural growth happy shape and form

Effects of phosphorus and potassium bacterial Fertilizer on Rhizosphere soil nutrients and Fruit quality of Huangguo Citrus

In this experiment, 8-year-old yellow fruit citrus trees were used as materials, and the soil nutrients were determined with the combination of Bacillus megaterium, glial bacillus, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and the conventional application of organic fertilizer as the control. The results showed that the soil nutrients of the treatments of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus glia and organic fertilizer were significantly higher than those of the control. The treatment of applying Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus glia alone reached a significant level in many soil nutrient indexes. It is suggested that the combination of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus glia and organic fertilizer should be applied in production

Rootstock Effects on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Associated Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Enzyme Activity during Fruit Development and Ripening of Blood Oranges

Blood orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) is a rare commercial citrus fruit containing abundant anthocyanins and has numerous health benefits. Blood orange rootstock determines the fruit yield and quality. This study evaluated the effect of the three most commonly used rootstocks on the fruit features, color index, physicochemical parameters, anthocyanin accumulation, the anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression, and the associated enzymes during the fruit development and ripening of ‘Tarocco’ blood orange. The highest anthocyanin content at harvest was found in blood orange trees grafted onto ‘Trifoliate orange’ (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf., Pt) rootstock. Molecular analyses revealed that the rootstock affects the anthocyanin accumulation in the blood orange. Additionally, there was a strong correlation between the anthocyanin content and the expression and the activity of related genes and enzymes, respectively. Based on gene expression and enzymatic activity analyses, Pt rootstock promotes a very high anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Tarocco’ blood orange fruit. Accordingly, Pt is the promising rootstock for producing good quality and highly nutritious ‘Tarocco’ blood orange fruit for commercial purposes

Correction of Iron Deficient Yellowing of Huangguogan by Different Application of Chelated Iron under Different Mulching Material

In this experiment, the asbestos chinensis was selected as the experimental material, and it was treated with black mulch, straw mulch, horticultural cloth mulch and river sand mulch, and compared with the control group to study the correction of iron deficiency yellowing of the leaves of Huangguogan. The results showed that the application of chelated iron under different mulching materials can significantly improve the photosynthesis index and leaf fluorescence characteristics of leaves, and correct the problem of iron deficiency yellowing of yellow fruit orange. The degree of correction of leaf iron deficiency yellowing by root-chelating iron was different under different mulching materials. In general, the correction effect of river sand mulch treatment was the most obvious, and the correction effect of black mulch was the worst. It was economical, practical, simple and convenient to correct the iron deficiency yellowing of the yellow fruit by mulching the material, and it had certain promotion value

Effects of Chelated Iron on Roots under Different Mulching Materials on Fruit Quality of Huangguogan

In this experiment, Huangguogan in Shimian County was selected as the experimental material, and the effects of different treatments on the fruit quality of Huangguogan were studied by mulching treatments with black film, straw, horticultural cloth and river sand. The results of this study showed that the application of chelated iron to the roots under different mulching materials could significantly improve the fruit quality, and the application of chelated iron to the roots under different mulching materials had different effects on fruit quality. The river sand mulching treatment had the highest single fruit weight, vertical and horizontal diameters, while CK had the lowest one. The four mulching treatments all increased the contents of total soluble solids, soluble sugar and sucrose. The river sand mulching treatment had the highest contents, which were 13.96%, 13.09 and 6.93 g.100 mL-1, respectively. There were significant differences in the titratable acid, vitamins C and sugar-acid ratio between the different mulching treatments, and the river sand mulching treatment had the highest effect. In general, the river sand mulching treatment had the best effect on promoting fruit quality, and plastic film mulching treatment had the worst effect