Development of Planar Chiral Iodoarenes Based on [2.2]Paracyclophane and Their Application in Catalytic Enantioselective Fluorination of β‑Ketoesters

The design and synthesis of novel planar chiral iodoarenes based on [2.2]­paracyclophane is reported. A process of highly enantioselective oxidative fluorination of a β-ketoester with 3HF–Et₃N as a nucleophilic fluoride source mediated by these new hypervalent iodine catalysts has been developed. This represents the first highly enantioselective reaction catalyzed by planar chiral hypervalent iodine

Leaf specimen of sect. <i>Camellia</i> (No. 40–55). Numbers in figure corresponding species numbers in Table S1.

<p>Scale bar = 1 cm.</p

The DAN2 Network Architecture.

<p>The DAN2 Network Architecture.</p

Classification accuracy in different kernel parameter (<i>C</i>) and regularization parameter (<i>γ</i>) by cross-validation.

<p>Three dimension diagram (A) and contour map (B).</p

Detail venation characters of sect. <i>Paracamellia</i>. Numbers in figure corresponding species numbers in Table S1.

<p>Scale bar = 1 mm.</p

Leaf specimen of sect. <i>Paracamellia</i>. Numbers in figure corresponding species numbers in Table S1.

<p>Scale bar = 1 cm.</p

Detail venation characters of sect. <i>Furfuracea</i>. Numbers in figure corresponding species numbers in Table S1.

<p>Scale bar = 1 mm.</p

Detail venation characters of sect. <i>Tuberculata</i>. Numbers in figure corresponding species numbers in Table S1.

<p>Scale bar = 1 mm.</p

Leaf architectural characters and related morphological characters [23], [26].

1<p>ASVPV means angulation between secondary veins and primary veins;</p>2<p>VADSV means variations in angle of divergence of secondary veins.</p

Maps of monthly germination suitability for ‘Princess VII’ in different regions of China; (A–L) January–December.

<p>Maps of monthly germination suitability for ‘Princess VII’ in different regions of China; (A–L) January–December.</p