Peacebuilding in East Asia: From the Perspective of the Historical Reconciliation between Japan and South Korea

IPSHU Research Report Series No.34 : 2nd International symposium 2017 hosted by Institute for Peace Science, Hiroshima University, “Reconstruction and Peacebuilding”, The first half: English Version, Editor: Institute for Peace Science, Hiroshima University (Editor-in-chief: Shinsuke TOMOTSUGU

東アジア地域の平和構築 : 日韓歴史和解の観点か

IPSHU Research Report Series No.34 : 平成29年度第2回広島大学平和科学研究センター主催国際シンポジウム「復興と平和構築」, 後半部分 : 日本語版, Editor: Institute for Peace Science, Hiroshima University (Editor-in-chief: Shinsuke TOMOTSUGU

CSGM Designer: a platform for designing cross-species intron-spanning genic markers linked with genome information of legumes.

BackgroundGenetic markers are tools that can facilitate molecular breeding, even in species lacking genomic resources. An important class of genetic markers is those based on orthologous genes, because they can guide hypotheses about conserved gene function, a situation that is well documented for a number of agronomic traits. For under-studied species a key bottleneck in gene-based marker development is the need to develop molecular tools (e.g., oligonucleotide primers) that reliably access genes with orthology to the genomes of well-characterized reference species.ResultsHere we report an efficient platform for the design of cross-species gene-derived markers in legumes. The automated platform, named CSGM Designer (URL: http://tgil.donga.ac.kr/CSGMdesigner), facilitates rapid and systematic design of cross-species genic markers. The underlying database is composed of genome data from five legume species whose genomes are substantially characterized. Use of CSGM is enhanced by graphical displays of query results, which we describe as "circular viewer" and "search-within-results" functions. CSGM provides a virtual PCR representation (eHT-PCR) that predicts the specificity of each primer pair simultaneously in multiple genomes. CSGM Designer output was experimentally validated for the amplification of orthologous genes using 16 genotypes representing 12 crop and model legume species, distributed among the galegoid and phaseoloid clades. Successful cross-species amplification was obtained for 85.3% of PCR primer combinations.ConclusionCSGM Designer spans the divide between well-characterized crop and model legume species and their less well-characterized relatives. The outcome is PCR primers that target highly conserved genes for polymorphism discovery, enabling functional inferences and ultimately facilitating trait-associated molecular breeding

カンコク ニ オケル ジュンホウソウ ノ ゲンジツ ト カダイ

紹介監修 : 福井, 康

An Annular Array MPT for Enhanced Generation of Omnidirectional SH Waves in a Plate

If guided wave transducers are fabricated in an annular array type, the excitation and measurement of target guided wave modes could be considerably enhanced (see, e.g., [1]). Accordingly, various annular array transducers have been developed, including those generating omnidirectional Lamb waves in a plate. Here, we newly consider an annular array type MPT (magnetostrictive patch transducer) to generate enhanced SH (shear-horizontal) waves in a plate. This annular array MPT is based on our earlier development of an omnidirectional SH wave MPT [2]. For wave field analysis by the annular array SH wave MPT, the strain response in a plate due to wave excitation by the MPT is calculated by using the Green’s function approach [3]. Using the analysis, an optimal configuration of the annular array MPT which can maximize the transducer output at the given frequency is determined. For the validation of numerical predictions, a series of experiments with varying frequencies were carried out and the numerical results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results

Hippocampal sclerosis and encephalomalacia as prognostic factors of tuberculous meningitis-related and herpes simplex encephalitis-related epilepsy

AbstractBackgroundTuberculous meningitis (TBM) and herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) are common neurological diseases involving the brain parenchyma, and both can result in chronic epilepsy. Here, we identified possible variables affecting the prognosis of central nervous system (CNS) infection-related epilepsy.MethodsThe clinical seizure characteristics and demographic data of 20 TBM- and 55 HSE-related epilepsy patients were compared. Statistically significant prognostic variables were identified using multiple regression analysis.ResultsSex, age at infection, age at epilepsy onset, presence of seizures at the time of infection, latency period, and seizure characteristics between two groups were similar except for the pattern of brain lesions observed on the MRI and their overall prognosis. Patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) only comprised 30% and 52.7% of the TBM and HSE groups, respectively. Encephalomalacia had a positive effect in the HSE group while HS had a negative effect in this group, but no significant effects were found in the TBM group. Through a multiple regression analysis with a correction for group effects, HS was associated with a poor prognosis. However, encephalomalacia was concomitantly associated with a good prognosis. In addition, a short latency period, with a one-year interval, and being male were both associated with a good prognosis, while the age at the onset of epilepsy was associated with a poor prognosis.ConclusionsThis study suggests that HS and encephalomalacia could have mutual but contradictory effects on the prognosis of CNS infection-related epilepsy