Knockdown of S1PR2 inhibited bone resorption in BM cells induced by RANKL.

<p>BM cells were uninfected, infected with a S1PR2 shRNA lentivirus, or infected with a control shRNA lentivirus (moi 20), and co-cultured with M-CSF and RANKL, with or without <i>A</i>. <i>actinomycetemcomitans</i>-stimulated media (<i>Aa</i>-media) treatment as described in Methods. Control groups of cells were cultured only with M-CSF with or without <i>Aa</i>-media treatment. (A) Representative images show bone resorption pits. Pictures were taken at 100x magnification. (B) Total areas of bone resorption pits /image were quantified. The data are representatives from three separate experiments (n = 3, *<i>P</i><0.05, ** <i>P</i><0.01, *** <i>P</i><0.001).</p

Knockdown of S1PR2 suppressed osteoclastogenesis in BM cells induced by RANKL.

<p>BM cells were uninfected, infected with a S1PR2 shRNA lentivirus, or infected with a control shRNA lentivirus (moi 20), and co-cultured with M-CSF and RANKL as described in Methods. A control group of cells were cultured only with M-CSF. BM cells were either untreated or treated with <i>A</i>. <i>actinomycetemcomitans</i>-stimulated media (<i>Aa</i>-media) for 24 h. (A) Representative images show TRAP-stained cells with and without <i>Aa</i>-media stimulation. Pictures were taken at 100x magnification. (B) Number of TRAP⁺ multinucleated (more than 3 nuclei) osteoclasts/well (96-well) and (C) Total areas of osteoclasts/image were quantified. The data are representatives from three separate experiments (n = 3, ***<i>P</i><0.001).</p

Knockdown of S1PR2 significantly attenuated Nfatc1, Ctsk, Acp5, Oscar, Dcstamp, and Ocstamp mRNA expressions in BM cells with or without treatment with <i>A</i>. <i>actinomycetemcomitans</i>-stimulated media (<i>Aa</i>-media).

<p>BM cells were uninfected, infected with a S1PR2 shRNA lentivirus, or infected with a control shRNA lentivirus (moi 20), and co-cultured with M-CSF and RANKL as described in Methods. A control group of cells were cultured only with M-CSF. BM cells were either unstimulated or stimulated with <i>Aa</i>- media for 4 h. (A) S1PR2 mRNA, (B) Nfatc1 mRNA, (C) Ctsk mRNA, (D) Acp5 mRNA, (E<b>)</b> Oscar mRNA, (F) Dcstamp mRNA, (G) Ocstamp mRNA, (H) RANKL mRNA, (I) RANK mRNA, (J) OPG mRNA, (K) CSF1 mRNA, and (L) CSF1R mRNA levels were quantified by real time PCR and normalized by GAPDH expression. The data are representatives from three separate experiments (n = 3, *<i>P</i><0.05, ***<i>P</i><0.001).</p

Knockdown of S1PR2 significantly decreased IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a protein expressions induced by <i>A</i>. <i>actinomycetemcomitans</i> (<i>Aa</i>) in BMMs.

<p>Murine BMMs were uninfected, infected with a S1PR2 shRNA lentivirus, or infected with a control shRNA lentivirus (moi 50) for 72 h. Then the cells were either unstimulated or stimulated with <i>Aa</i> (1.5 CFU/cell) for 4 h (S1PR2 mRNA assay) or 8 h (cytokine protein assays). (A) S1PR2 mRNA expression was determined by real time PCR, (B) IL-1β, (C) IL-6, and (D) TNF-α protein levels were quantified by ELISA and normalized by protein levels in cell lysates. The data are representatives from three separate experiments (n = 3, ***<i>P</i><0.001).</p

BioFigRank compared with Non-author-Out-Domain-Expert biologists.

<p>(**p<0.05).</p

Scatter graph with regard to ranking performance and number of figures.

<p>A: ∼WER-RK metrics; B: NDCG metrics; C: ∼WER-FR metrics.</p

ROC for logistic regression classifiers trained by single feature.

<p>1) Research interest features <i>simText</i>, <i>simMesh</i> and <i>simOutcite</i> (panels a, b and d) have large ROC areas, showing that they are informative for the classification. <i>simIncite</i> (panel c) however is not as large as other features in this category with 0.56 ROC only. 2) The ROC curves for common co-author based features (panels f, k and l) are a straight lines due to the fact that most of the author pairs (especially negative instances) don't have any common coauthors, and only 1/3 of the positive instances have non-zero common co-authors. 3) Other features such as <i>sumCoauthor</i> (panel f) is also effective for classification with 0.67 ROC. Activity feature <i>sumRecency</i> (panel i) has 0.60 ROC, and so does <i>sumPub</i> (panel e). <i>sumClusteringCoef</i> and <i>diffSeniority</i> (panels h, j) show only 0.53 and 0.54 ROC respectively. The individual ROC is consistent with information gain analysis, which also shows that the research interest features are most informative, followed by common neighbor based features.</p

<i>IndividualAuthorCategory</i> evaluation results.

<p>*Pref. Attach stands for <i>PreferentialAttachment</i>.</p><p><i>IndividualAuthorCategory</i> evaluation results.</p

Learning curve of BioFigRank.

<p>Learning curve of BioFigRank.</p

Performance of different systems.

<p>(**p<0.05, *p<0.1).</p