Pig behavior related to pen-based oral fluid sample collection

Background: Use of oral fluid specimens in swine research and diagnostics has become commonplace. Objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the number of ropes provided and location in the pen on oral fluid sampling. Sixty 5-week-old pigs were divided into two groups of 30 (15 gilts, 15 barrows) and housed in two pens identical in size and design. The effect of the number of ropes in the pen on pig oral fluid sampling behavior was evaluated by varying the number of ropes in the pen (1-4). Pig preference for rope location was assessed by observing pigs with 4 ropes in the pen (one at each corner). Four cameras synchronously took pictures at 2 second intervals throughout the sampling period to document pig interactions with the rope. Pig interaction was defined as a picture showing a pig\u27s mouth closed around the rope. Oral fluid was collected at the end of each sampling period, aggregated, and volume recorded. Results: Observations were analyzed at both group and individual level. Mean oral fluid volume and pig interaction increased when more ropes were provided, but 89% of pigs interacted with one rope in the pen. Given a choice of 4 ropes, pigs showed a significant bias toward location. Conclusions: The data support the interpretation that one rope is sufficient to collect a sample representative of the group. Providing additional ropes increases volume, but this does not increase diagnostic utility. The data likewise suggest that pigs may have a preference for location; this observation will require additional exploration to achieve better understanding

The Effect of Alternative Nutrition Menu Labels on Children’s Meals Purchases and Parent-Child Decision-Making

Children are one subpopulation that have seen a threefold increase in obesity over the last two decades but have received no attention in the menu labeling literature. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of different menu labeling formats on purchases of children’s meals and parent-child decision-making at a family-oriented restaurant. The intervention consists of five children’s menus featuring six bundled, nutritionally diverse, and equally priced combinations that are implemented over about a year. Accompanying each menu is a survey postcard collecting information on the parent-child decision process in choosing the item. This is ongoing research and all data is not in but at this point, the very early evidence points toward child-menu labeling having very little impact on food choices and caloric intake. This result is likely due to low parental involvement in the decision process given that children are the main ones deciding what to eat.Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Street Art as Public Pedagogy & Community Literacy: What Walls Can Teach Us

This essay analyzes the street art project Stop Telling Women to Smile (STWTS) to argue that public art plays an essential, pedagogical role in enhancing literacy education and intercultural communication within our communities. Functioning as both a public pedagogy and community literacy, STWTS demonstrates the power of public art to address injustice and provoke community conversation. To conclude, the essay calls literacy educators to expand the sites of pedagogy to include the everyday literacies students encounter within local public spaces

Advancing Campus-Community Partnerships: Standpoint Theory and Course Re- Design

Service-learning pedagogies attempt to bridge the often-distant realms of work in the academy with that of the surrounding community. However, in practice, a true partnership among stakeholders can be challenging to achieve. For this project, I invited three former students and the director of a local non-profit to partner with me in an important aspect of academic work: course redesign. Through the lens of standpoint theory, we see that students and community partners hold unique standpoints, yet all too often their voices are marginalized. I assert that their standpoints offer l essential contributions to the course re-design process

Transformative Learning, Affect, and Reciprocal Care in Community Engagement

Drawing on interviews with writing teachers, this article highlights some of the affective responses that may arise for students, community partners, and teachers when we situate our pedagogies in public sites beyond the classroom. I analyze a teacher-narrated moment of student distress to demonstrate how theories of transformative learning might help us productively theorize affect in service-learning and community-based education. To conclude, I offer a reciprocal model of care that employs tenets of feminist pedagogy, such as transparency and decentering of authority, and that acknowledges the valid emotions students, teachers, and community members may experience. I call for community literacy practitioners to see the power of all participants to both give and receive care in transformative education

The Risks of Engagement: Infrastructures of Place-Based Pedagogy in Urban Midwestern Contexts

I was drawn to panel A.04 because of my interests in place-based pedagogy. In fact, later that day I gave a presentation on a place-based approach to mobile composition, drawing examples from my teaching (C.05). One of the aspects of this panel that I found particularly engaging was the way that each presenter took a different approach to his or her attention to issues of place. The projects were quite diverse, but there were clearly overlapping connections in terms of how our local geographies, urban spaces, and communities have important implications for the teaching of writing and rhetoric. I walked away from the panel energized with a swirl of ideas for teaching and research

EHR Quality Documentation Research Thesis

This research proposal contains and introduction to my proposed research, background of the issue at hand, purpose of the research, significance of the research, research questions that I will be asking, definition of terms, limitations that I may be facing, literature review, SWOT Analysis, and Work Flow diagram on literature review. Also discussed are my proposed research methodology, research design, population sample, data collection procedures, as well as a table of survey variables that I propose to include. This proposal will go over why documentation quality and quantity is so important and the history behind why we are facing a documentation crisis. I am proposing to be able to conduct my research to see how the documentation quality and quantity has improved, or declined since the implementation of EHRs and voice recognition systems across the North Eastern Pennsylvania Region

Lactation Support on Low-Income Women Exclusively Breastfeeding

Low-socioeconomic-status new mothers who wish to exclusively breastfeed, face significant challenges associated with available resources, finances, and maternal leave. To address this issue, the authors explored the following evidence-based PICOT question: among low-socioeconomic-status new mothers that breastfeed, does access to lactation supports in the workplace, compared to no or limited access, affect their ability to exclusively breastfeed for the baby’s first six months? This project conducted a search of the literature in CINAHL and PubMed databases using the terms breastfeeding, low-socioeconomic-status, and workplace lactational support. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed articles published between 2017 to present, containing keywords/phrases used in the search. Articles that did not discuss lactation support for low-socioeconomic-status breastfeeding women were excluded. Longer maternity leave is associated with increased breastfeeding duration. The literature highlights for working new mothers, lactation support in the workplace includes breastfeeding breaks, flexible work arrangements, private spaces, and facilities for expressing breast milk (Dinour & Szaro, 2017). For women of low-socioeconomic status an extended maternity leave may not be feasible, presenting women with challenges to exclusively breastfeed for the first six months. Additionally, research indicates that for women returning to work, workplace lactational supports are needed to improve the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Low-income mothers are significantly less likely to have access to extended maternity leave, and lack necessary accommodations within the workplace, including break time and/or a private space to express breast milk. When workplace lactation is supported there is a positive influence on exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months