10,807 research outputs found
How to Build the Thermofield Double State
Given two copies of any quantum mechanical system, one may want to prepare
them in the thermofield double state for the purpose of studying thermal
physics or black holes. However, the thermofield double is a unique entangled
pure state and may be difficult to prepare. We propose a local interacting
Hamiltonian for the combined system whose ground state is approximately the
thermofield double. The energy gap for this Hamiltonian is of order the
temperature. Our construction works for any quantum system satisfying the
Eigenvalue Thermalization Hypothesis.Comment: are welcome. 47 pages, 8 figures. v2: Improved discussion of
uniqueness and CFT primarie
Exact Superpotentials, Theories with Flavor and Confining Vacua
In this paper we study some interesting properties of the effective
superpotential of N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories with fundamental matter,
with the help of the Dijkgraaf--Vafa proposal connecting supersymmetric gauge
theories with matrix models.
We find that the effective superpotential for theories with N_f fundamental
flavors can be calculated in terms of quantities computed in the pure (N_f=0)
gauge theory. Using this property we compute in a remarkably simple way the
exact effective superpotential of N=1 supersymmetric theories with fundamental
matter and gauge group SU(N_c), at the point in the moduli space where a
maximal number of monopoles become massless (confining vacua). We extend the
analysis to a generic point of the moduli space, and show how to compute the
effective superpotential in this general case.Comment: 16 pages, no figure
It was twenty years ago today: revisiting time-of-day choice in The Netherlands
Time-of-day (TOD) choice can be considered as a fifth stage in the modelling of transport behaviour, additional to the conventional four stages. Twenty years ago in The Netherlands, a stated preference (SP) study was designed for investigating the choice of time-of-day (departure time) and transport mode. A nested logit time period and mode choice model, largely based on this SP data set, was included as one of the components of The Netherlands national transport model (LMS). A new TOD SP survey has now been developed to obtain up-to-date information for the next re-estimation round of the LMS. The fieldwork was carried out in in 2019, followed by the re-estimation of the nested logit model of period and mode choice on the new SP data. The context for the SP is that of a tour (round trip) carried out by the respondent as car driver or by train, also distinguishing by travel purpose (commuting, business, education and other). This means that we are asking questions both about the outward leg of the tour and the inward leg. Both car drivers and train users are asked to participate in two SP experiments on TOD and mode choice: the first focussing on the trade-off between congestion or crowding and the departure/arrival times; the second also with differentiation in costs between peak and off-peak. Our tentative conclusion is that TOD choice seems to have become (relatively to mode choice) more flexible in the past two decades, in line with the trends towards more flexibility in scheduling activities over the day and a 24 hours economy. Moreover, we now estimate nest coefficients for both car drivers and train users (until now the assumption that had to be made in the LMS was that the nest coefficients for train followed those for car)
Speech Characteristics and Intelligibility in Adults with Mild and Moderate Intellectual Disabilities
PURPOSE: Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) often show reduced speech intelligibility, which affects their social interaction skills. This study aims to establish the main predictors of this reduced intelligibility in order to ultimately optimise management. METHOD: Spontaneous speech and picture naming tasks were recorded in 36 adults with mild or moderate ID. Twenty-five naïve listeners rated the intelligibility of the spontaneous speech samples. Performance on the picture-naming task was analysed by means of a phonological error analysis based on expert transcriptions. RESULTS: The transcription analyses showed that the phonemic and syllabic inventories of the speakers were complete. However, multiple errors at the phonemic and syllabic level were found. The frequencies of specific types of errors were related to intelligibility and quality ratings. CONCLUSIONS: The development of the phonemic and syllabic repertoire appears to be completed in adults with mild-to-moderate ID. The charted speech difficulties can be interpreted to indicate speech motor control and planning difficulties. These findings may aid the development of diagnostic tests and speech therapies aimed at improving speech intelligibility in this specific group
Nuclear fission: The "onset of dissipation" from a microscopic point of view
Semi-analytical expressions are suggested for the temperature dependence of
those combinations of transport coefficients which govern the fission process.
This is based on experience with numerical calculations within the linear
response approach and the locally harmonic approximation. A reduced version of
the latter is seen to comply with Kramers' simplified picture of fission. It is
argued that for variable inertia his formula has to be generalized, as already
required by the need that for overdamped motion the inertia must not appear at
all. This situation may already occur above T=2 MeV, where the rate is
determined by the Smoluchowski equation. Consequently, comparison with
experimental results do not give information on the effective damping rate, as
often claimed, but on a special combination of local stiffnesses and the
friction coefficient calculated at the barrier.Comment: 31 pages, LaTex, 9 postscript figures; final, more concise version,
accepted for publication in PRC, with new arguments about the T-dependence of
the inertia; e-mail: [email protected]
The Spectral Curve of the Lens Space Matrix Model
Following hep-th/0211098 we study the matrix model which describes the
topological A-model on T^{*}(S^{3}/\ZZ_p). We show that the resolvent has
square root branch cuts and it follows that this is a p cut single matrix
model. We solve for the resolvent and find the spectral curve. We comment on
how this is related to large N transitions and mirror symmetry.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected, comments adde
Tachyon Condensation on Noncommutative Torus
We discuss noncommutative solitons on a noncommutative torus and their
application to tachyon condensation. In the large B limit, they can be exactly
described by the Powers-Rieffel projection operators known in the mathematical
literature. The resulting soliton spectrum is consistent with T-duality and is
surprisingly interesting. It is shown that an instability arises for any
D-branes, leading to the decay into many smaller D-branes. This phenomenon is
the consequence of the fact that K-homology for type II von Neumann factor is
labeled by R.Comment: LaTeX, 17 pages, 1 figur
AdS_7/CFT_6, Gauss-Bonnet Gravity, and Viscosity Bound
We study the relation between the causality and the positivity of energy
bounds in Gauss-Bonnet gravity in AdS_7 background and find a precise
agreement. Requiring the group velocity of metastable states to be bounded by
the speed of light places a bound on the value of Gauss-Bonnet coupling. To
find the positivity of energy constraints we compute the parameters which
determine the angular distribution of the energy flux in terms of three
independent coefficients specifying the three-point function of the
stress-energy tensor. We then relate the latter to the Weyl anomaly of the
six-dimensional CFT and compute the anomaly holographically. The resulting
upper bound on the Gauss-Bonnet coupling coincides with that from causality and
results in a new bound on viscosity/entropy ratio.Comment: 21 page, harvmac; v2: reference adde
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