Employment conditions and health inequities: a case study of Brazil

This paper was prepared for the Employment Conditions and Health Inequalities Knowledge Network (EMCONET), part of the WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health. We describe the Brazilian context of employment conditions, labor conditions and health, their characteristics and causal relationships. The social, political and economic factors that influence these relationships are also presented with an emphasis on social inequalities, and how they are reproduced within the labor market and thereby affect the health and wellbeing of workers. A literature review was conducted in SciELO, LILACS, Google and Google Scholar, MEDLINE and the CAPES Brazilian thesis database. We observed that there are more workers operating in the informal sector than in the formal sector and these former have no social insurance or any other social benefits. Work conditions and health are poor in both informal and formal enterprises since health and safety labor norms are not effective. The involvement of social movements and labor unions in the elaboration and management of workers' health polices and programs with universal coverage, is a promising initiative that is underway nationwide

Alterações cognitivas em trabalhadores de uma empresa de processamento de dados Cognitive problems in workers of a data processing company

Realizou-se estudo de 191 trabalhadores de uma empresa federal de processamento de dados em Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, em 1989, objetivando estudar déficits cognitivos. São analisadas as relações entre queixas de alteração de memória e os respectivos desempenhos em testes de avaliação cognitiva segundo três grupos de trabalhadores, o primeiro com atividades automatizadas e repetitivas (digitadores) e dois outros com funções diversificadas. Utilizou-se um teste de rastreamento psiquiátrico para controlar esta possível variável de confusão. Existe uma alta prevalência de queixas de perda de memória (65,4%), apesar de não haver evidências significativas de problemas cognitivos. Observou-se uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a presença ou não de queixas de memória e o desempenho no teste psiquiátrico. Sugere-se que futuros estudos enfatizem o aspecto de saúde mental e sofrimento psíquico para compreensão destas queixas, tendo em vista as características do processo de trabalho na informática.<br>A study of 191 data processing workers undertaken in Porto Alegre, Brazil, in 1989, is presented. The relationship between complaints of loss of memory and their respective scores on cognitive testing in three groups of workers, one with automatized repetitive activities and two others with diversified activities, is analysed. The scores and complaints are compared with the results of a screening test for psychiatric disorders in order to verify the influence of this confounding factor. No significant evidence of cognitive problems was found despite the high prevalence of complaints of memory loss in this population (65,4%). There is a significant statistical association between these complaints and the scores of the psychiatric testing. It is suggested that futures studies should emphasize psychiatric analysis with a view to clarifying the complaints of Data Processing workers