2,009 research outputs found
Indigenous Development and Self-Determination in West Papua: A Case Study of the Socio-Political and Economic Impacts of Mining upon the Amungme and Kamoro Communities of West Papua.
Since West Papua was colonized by Indonesia in 1963, West Papuans have endured one of the most disastrous experiences of cultural and
environmental destruction, human rights abuses and mass killing of the twentieth century. In the Western Highlands of West Papua, where
Freeport McMoRan, a mining company from
Louisiana, United States (U.S.), operates, there
have been long-standing disputes over environmental justice, human rights, the right
to control development, and wealth
distribution.
Substantial research has been done on the negative impacts of the Freeport's operation on the Amungme and Kamoro communities who reside in the company's operating area. Yet, limited
research has been done regarding Freeport's social policies and the possible solutions to the issues which are crucial for the further development of Amungme and Kamoro. Therefore, the thesis firstly examines Freeport's recent social policies which have attempted to address the two communities' concerns as well as the social problems the company has caused around its operating area. The examination suggests that genuine reconciliation between Amungme and Kamoro communities and Freeport is a crucial next step in achieving successful community development in the area. The thesis employs a case study of the South African reconciliation processes via Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to explore the prospects of achieving successful community development in Freeport's operating area of West Papua which might lead to prosperity for the Amungme and Kamoro peoples.
In addition to this, the prospect of
preventing the human rights violations by the Indonesian Military (Tentera Nasional Indonesia-TNI) is considered. The TNI, by carrying out the role of protecting the Freeport operation, has until today committed a large number of human rights violations against indigenous West Papuans around the mine thus preventing and inhibiting the future development of Amungme and Kamoro communities. Since major countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand and Australia, have until today,
supported the Indonesia state and the TNI, the attitude of Pacific Island states towards the issue is examined. Finally, although the above processes are important, the study suggests the more important role of the Amungme and Kamoro themselves in taking responsibility for their plight and taking positive actions wherever possible to solve the issues surrounding them. Although the conflict continues to the present day, the research contained in the thesis outlines the situation in West Papua only up until November 2006
Phase Shifts of the Circadian Locomotor Rhythm Induced by Pigment-Dispersing Factor in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
Pigment-dispersing factors (PDFs) are octadeca-peptides widely distributed in insect optic lobes and brain. In this study, we have purified PDF and determined its amino acid sequence in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Its primary structure was NSEIINSLLGLPKVLNDA-NH2, homologous to other PDH family members so far reported. When injected into the optic lobe of experimentally blinded adult male crickets, Gryllus-PDF induced phase shifts in their activity rhythms in a phase dependent and dose dependent manner. The resulted phase response curve (PRC) showed delays during the late subjective night to early subjective day and advances during the mid subjective day to mid subjective night. The PRC was different in shape from those for light, serotonin and temperature. These results suggest that PDF plays a role in phase regulation of the circadian clock through a separate pathway from those of other known phase regulating agents
Sea Breeze Effects on Heat Island Structure in Fukuoka Facing the Sea of Japan
Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv
The Usage of Sentences Mixing Regular-Script Kanji and Hiragana in the Latter Part of the Edo Period
Special Feature 2 : Japanese Studies Research Papers in Englis
Bicuspid aortic valves undergo excessive strain during opening: A simulation study
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the influence of the morphologic characteristics of the bicuspid aortic valve on its disease progression by comparing the motion, stress/strain distribution, and blood flow of normal and stenotic tricuspid valves using simulation models.MethodsBicuspid, stenotic tricuspid with commissural fusion or thickened leaflet, and normal aortic valves were modeled with internal blood flow. Blood flow and the motion of aortic valve leaflets were studied using fluid–structure interaction finite element analysis, and stress/strain (curvature) distributions were calculated during the cardiac cycle. To mimic disease progression, we modified the local thickness of the leaflet where the bending stress was above a threshold.ResultsTransvalvular pressure gradient was greater in the bicuspid valve compared with the stenotic tricuspid valve with a similar valvular area. The bending strain (curvature) increased in both stenotic tricuspid and bicuspid valves, but a greater increase was observed in the bicuspid valve, and this was concentrated on the midline of the fused leaflets. During disease progression analysis, severity of the stenosis increased only in the bicuspid aortic valve model in terms of valvular area and pressure gradient.ConclusionsThe characteristic morphology of the bicuspid valve creates excessive bending strain on the leaflets during ventricular ejection. Such mechanical stress may be responsible for the rapid progression of this disease
麹菌におけるタンパク質生産を目指した遺伝子発現解析及びプロモーター解析に関する研究
京都大学0048新制・論文博士博士(農学)乙第12763号論農博第2786号新制||農||1016(附属図書館)学位論文||H25||N4786(農学部図書室)30615(主査)教授 平竹 潤, 教授 植田 充美, 教授 小川 順学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDFA
A Numerical Approach for Calculation of Characteristics of Edge Waves in Three-Dimensional Plates
© 2020 World Scientific Publishing CompanySurface waves have been extensively studied in earthquake seismology. Surface waves are trapped near an infinitely large surface. The displacements decay exponentially with depth. These waves are also named Rayleigh and Love waves. Surface waves are also used for nondestructive testing of surface defects. Similar waves exist in finite width three-dimensional plates. In this case, displacements are no longer constant in the direction perpendicular to the wave propagation plane. Wave energy could still be trapped near the edge of the three-dimensional plate, and hence the term edge waves. These waves are thus different to the two-dimensional Rayleigh and Love waves. This paper presents a numerical model to study dispersion properties of edge waves in plates. A two-dimensional semi-analytical finite element method is developed, and the problem is closed by a perfectly matched layer adjacent to the edge. The numerical model is validated by comparing with available analytical and numerical solutions in the literature. On this basis, higher order edge waves and mode shapes are presented for a three-dimensional plate. The characteristics of the presented edge wave modes could be used in nondestructive testing applications.Peer reviewe
Local spin and charge properties of beta-Ag0.33V2O5 studied by 51V NMR
Local spin and charge properties were studied on beta-Ag0.33V2O5, a
pressure-induced superconductor, at ambient pressure using 51V-NMR and
zero-field-resonance (ZFR) techniques. Three inequivalent Vi sites (i=1, 2, and
3) were identified from 51V-NMR spectra and the principal axes of the
electric-field-gradient (EFG) tensor were determined in a metallic phase and
the following charge-ordering phase. We found from the EFG analysis that the V1
sites are in a similar local environment to the V3 sites. This was also
observed in ZFR spectra as pairs of signals closely located with each other.
These results are well explained by a charge-sharing model where a 3d1 electron
is shared within a rung in both V1-V3 and V2-V2 two-leg ladders.Comment: 12pages, 16figure
Annotation-Scheme Reconstruction for "Fake News" and Japanese Fake News Dataset
Fake news provokes many societal problems; therefore, there has been
extensive research on fake news detection tasks to counter it. Many fake news
datasets were constructed as resources to facilitate this task. Contemporary
research focuses almost exclusively on the factuality aspect of the news.
However, this aspect alone is insufficient to explain "fake news," which is a
complex phenomenon that involves a wide range of issues. To fully understand
the nature of each instance of fake news, it is important to observe it from
various perspectives, such as the intention of the false news disseminator, the
harmfulness of the news to our society, and the target of the news. We propose
a novel annotation scheme with fine-grained labeling based on detailed
investigations of existing fake news datasets to capture these various aspects
of fake news. Using the annotation scheme, we construct and publish the first
Japanese fake news dataset. The annotation scheme is expected to provide an
in-depth understanding of fake news. We plan to build datasets for both
Japanese and other languages using our scheme. Our Japanese dataset is
published at https://hkefka385.github.io/dataset/fakenews-japanese/.Comment: 13th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation
(LREC), 202
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