The Na+/H+ Exchanger Controls Deoxycholic Acid-Induced Apoptosis by a H+-Activated, Na+-Dependent Ionic Shift in Esophageal Cells

Apoptosis resistance is a hallmark of cancer cells. Typically, bile acids induce apoptosis. However during gastrointestinal (GI) tumorigenesis the cancer cells develop resistance to bile acid-induced cell death. To understand how bile acids induce apoptosis resistance we first need to identify the molecular pathways that initiate apoptosis in response to bile acid exposure. In this study we examined the mechanism of deoxycholic acid (DCA)-induced apoptosis, specifically the role of Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) and Na+ influx in esophageal cells. In vitro studies revealed that the exposure of esophageal cells (JH-EsoAd1, CP-A) to DCA (0.2 mM -0.5 mM) caused lysosomal membrane perturbation and transient cytoplasmic acidification. Fluorescence microscopy in conjunction with atomic absorption spectrophotometry demonstrated that this effect on lysosomes correlated with influx of Na+, subsequent loss of intracellular K+, an increase of Ca2+ and apoptosis. However, ethylisopropyl-amiloride (EIPA), a selective inhibitor of NHE, prevented Na+, K+ and Ca2+ changes and caspase 3/7 activation induced by DCA. Ouabain and amphotericin B, two drugs that increase intracellular Na+ levels, induced similar changes as DCA (ion imbalance, caspase3/7 activation). On the contrary, DCA-induced cell death was inhibited by medium with low a Na+ concentrations. In the same experiments, we exposed rat ileum ex-vivo to DCA with or without EIPA. Severe tissue damage and caspase-3 activation was observed after DCA treatment, but EIPA almost fully prevented this response. In summary, NHE-mediated Na+ influx is a critical step leading to DCA-induced apoptosis. Cells tolerate acidification but evade DCA-induced apoptosis if NHE is inhibited. Our data suggests that suppression of NHE by endogenous or exogenous inhibitors may lead to apoptosis resistance during GI tumorigenesis

Retail Facility Layout Considering Shopper Path and Door Placement

The physical design of a retail store is known to influence the attitude and behavior of shoppers, in turn affecting the store’s performance. While literature in retail design has alluded to the impact of changes in department placements on impulse revenue, it has not accounted for the changes in the path of a shopper due to such modifications. Shopper path changes can alter a department’s visibility to the shoppers as they pass by, and such visibility eventually impacts that department’s impulse revenue. To address this gap, we study the retail facility layout problem by accounting for changes in the shopper path and door placement; we refer to it as RFLP-SPDP. We propose an optimization model for RFLP-SPDP that optimally places departments in the store in order to maximize the expected per shopper impulse revenue for the retailer. Because the dependency of shopper path changes on with changing layouts could not be expressed in a closed analytical form, we propose a Simulated Annealing based shortest path heuristic. This is then embedded in a Particle Swarm Optimization based solution approach to solve the overall RFLP-SPDP and implemented using parallel processing. Our experiments indicate that the derived solutions are sensitive to the shopper basket size, the shape of the store, and the number of doors and their location. Our results suggest up to 13.71% increase in impulse revenue for a deeper store over a square-shaped store, while up to 9.65% increase in a one side-door store over other door combinations. We illustrate the use of our proposed approach using the layout of a leading US retailer’s store

Retail Facility Layout Considering Shopper Path and Door Placement

The physical design of a retail store is known to influence the attitude and behavior of shoppers, in turn affecting the store’s performance. While literature in retail design has alluded to the impact of changes in department placements on impulse revenue, it has not accounted for the changes in the path of a shopper due to such modifications. Shopper path changes can alter a department’s visibility to the shoppers as they pass by, and such visibility eventually impacts that department’s impulse revenue. To address this gap, we study the retail facility layout problem by accounting for changes in the shopper path and door placement; we refer to it as RFLP-SPDP. We propose an optimization model for RFLP-SPDP that optimally places departments in the store in order to maximize the expected per shopper impulse revenue for the retailer. Because the dependency of shopper path changes on with changing layouts could not be expressed in a closed analytical form, we propose a Simulated Annealing based shortest path heuristic. This is then embedded in a Particle Swarm Optimization based solution approach to solve the overall RFLP-SPDP and implemented using parallel processing. Our experiments indicate that the derived solutions are sensitive to the shopper basket size, the shape of the store, and the number of doors and their location. Our results suggest up to 13.71% increase in impulse revenue for a deeper store over a square-shaped store, while up to 9.65% increase in a one side-door store over other door combinations. We illustrate the use of our proposed approach using the layout of a leading US retailer’s store

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PATH FOR HORIZING YOUR INNOVATIVE WORK SURVEY ON RASPBERRY PI FOR INDUSTRIAL SENSOR

Abstract: This paper shows Raspberry Pi feature, advantages, and comparison with single board computer. Raspberry pi cheap, flexible, fully customizable and programmable small computer board. Raspberry Pi board consist of ARM11 programmable processer, Real time operating system and on -chip memory. Raspberry Pi Most effective factor is Reduce Complexibility of devices, Reduce over all cost of system

Peroxynitrite promotes serine-62 phosphorylation-dependent stabilization of the oncoprotein c-Myc

10.1016/j.redox.2020.101587Redox Biology3410158

Not Available

Not AvailableProductivity of cropland soils, especially in arid and semi - arid tropics of India rigorously declined due to increasing losses of soil organic carbon (SOC) over the past decades. In the present study, we examined a 16 - years long term experiment with continuous mono cropping rainfed groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) to quantify the influence of fertilization and manuring on yield sustainability and C sequestration potential on rainfed Vertisols of Western India. The treatments include, (i) T1 = control; (ii) T2 = 100% recommended dose of fertilizer [RDF - 20:40:40 kg ha−1 of N:P2O5: K2O]; (iii) T3 = integrated nutrient management [INM - 50% RDF + compost 6 Mg ha−1 + biofertilizers (BF)]; (iv) T4 = organic nutrient source [compost 6 Mg ha−1 + vermicompost (VC) 2 Mg ha−1 + castor neem cake (CNC) 250 kg ha−1 + BF + mulching]. Maximum mean groundnut pod yield (1.17 Mg ha−1) was recorded in T2 which was statistically similar to T4 (1.16 Mg ha−1). However, Mann - Kendall test for yield trend suggests the consistency in yield increase under T3 treatment during the last 16 years. The rate of pod yield enhancement was 27 kg ha−1 for every Mg increase in profile SOC stock. The mean SOC concentration (g kg−1) of 1 - m soil depth increased from 4.0 to 5.6 (40%) in T4 over control and the mean SOC sequestration rate was 0.63 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. A minimum of 1.22 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 input was needed to maintain SOC stock at its antecedent level (zero change). We conclude that combined use of chemical fertilizers along with locally available organic resources is essential for enhancing SOC storage while achieving sustainable crop productivity in semi - arid agro - ecosystem.Not Availabl

Influence of 16 years of fertilization and manuring on carbon sequestration and agronomic productivity of groundnut in vertisol of semi-arid tropics of Western India

Productivity of cropland soils, especially in arid and semi-arid tropics of India rigorously declined due to increasing losses of soil organic carbon (SOC) over the past decades. In the present study, we examined a 16-years long term experiment with continuous mono cropping rainfed groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) to quantify the influence of fertilization and manuring on yield sustainability and C sequestration potential on rainfed Vertisols of Western India. The treatments include, i) T1 = control; ii) T2 = 100% recommended dose of fertilizer [RDF-20:40:40 kg ha−1 of N:P2O5: K2O]; iii) T3 = integrated nutrient management [INM- 50% RDF + compost 6 Mg ha−1 + biofertilizers (BF)]; iv) T4 = organic nutrient source [compost 6 Mg ha−1 + vermicompost (VC) 2 Mg ha−1 + castor neem cake (CNC) 250 kg ha−1 + BF + mulching]. Maximum mean groundnut pod yield (1.17 Mg ha−1) was recorded in T2 which was statistically similar to T4 (1.16 Mg ha−1). However, Mann-Kendall test for yield trend suggests the consistency in yield increase under T3 treatment during the last 16 years. The rate of pod yield enhancement was 27 kg ha−1 for every Mg increase in profile SOC stock. The mean SOC concentration (g kg−1) of 1-m soil depth increased from 4.0 to 5.6 (40%) in T4 over control and the mean SOC sequestration rate was 0.63 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. A minimum of 1.22 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 input was needed to maintain SOC stock at its antecedent level (zero change). We conclude that combined use of chemical fertilizers along with locally available organic resources is essential for enhancing SOC storage while achieving sustainable crop productivity in semi-arid agro-ecosystem